（精選）初二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
漫長(zhǎng)的學(xué)習(xí)生涯中，說(shuō)起知識(shí)點(diǎn)，應(yīng)該沒有人不熟悉吧？知識(shí)點(diǎn)就是“讓別人看完能理解”或者“通過(guò)練習(xí)我能掌握”的內(nèi)容。哪些才是我們真正需要的知識(shí)點(diǎn)呢？下面是小編幫大家整理的初二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。通常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。
be going to do (動(dòng)詞原形)結(jié)構(gòu)：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain.
will do結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來(lái)的用法：
1.表示預(yù)見
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2.表示意圖
I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本構(gòu)成如下：
一般疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成：
(1)will+主語(yǔ)+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?
(2)there be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句：Will there + be …?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won't
否定句構(gòu)成：will + not (won't)+do
Sarah won't come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成：
特殊疑問(wèn)詞+will+主語(yǔ)+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday?
should的用法：
should用來(lái)提出建議和忠告，后邊加動(dòng)詞原形，否定句直接在should后邊加not.
例如：I think you should eat less junk food.
我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.
她經(jīng)常開車，很少走路。所以我認(rèn)為她應(yīng)該多走路。
Students shouldn't spend too much time playing computer games.
學(xué)生們不應(yīng)當(dāng)花太多的時(shí)間玩計(jì)算機(jī)游戲。
學(xué)習(xí)向別人提建議的幾種句式：
(1)I think you should…
(2)Well, you could…
(3)Maybe you should …
(4)Why don't you…?
(5)What about doing sth.?
(6)You'd better do sth.
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
1.構(gòu)成
was /were + doing，例如：
I was watching TV at 9 o'clock last night.
at 9 o'clock last night是時(shí)間點(diǎn)
They were playing football all afternoon.
all afternoon是時(shí)間段
2.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞
at 8 o'clock last night, this time yesterday等。例如：
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.
昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在吃午飯。
At that time she was writing a book.
那陣子她在寫一本書。(表示她在那段時(shí)間里一直在做那件事情。)
間接引語(yǔ)
形成步驟：
(1)不要逗號(hào)，冒號(hào)，引號(hào)
(2)要考慮到人稱的變化(人稱的變化與漢語(yǔ)是一致的)
(3)要考慮時(shí)態(tài)的變化
(4)要考慮時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)示代詞的變化。
1.直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，幾個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)的變化規(guī)律
直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
2.直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，一些詞匯的變化規(guī)律
直接引語(yǔ)1. am / is 2. are 3. have / has 4. will 5. can 6. may間接引語(yǔ)1. was 2. were 3. had 4. would 5. could 6. might
if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句
結(jié)構(gòu)：if+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)+將來(lái)時(shí)
含義：如果……，將要……
例如：If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你請(qǐng)求他，他會(huì)幫助你。
If need be, we'll work all night.
如果需要，我們就干個(gè)通宵。
初二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)(總結(jié)版)
1.
take :拿走
take sb. / sth. to someplace;
take sth. with you
bring:帶來(lái)
bring sth for a picnic
It's going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.
You'd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.
2.
keep +名詞+形容詞
Keep the windows open, it's hot here.
keep sb doing sth
I'm sorry I've kept you waiting for a long time.
keep表示“借”用于和一段時(shí)間連用：
How long can I keep this book?
3.
let / make / have sb do sth
讓(使)某人干某事
Let's go to the zoo!
How did he make the baby stop crying?
4.
forget to do sth
忘記去做某事
remember to do sth
記得去做某事
forget doing sth
忘記做過(guò)某事
remember doing sth
記得做過(guò)某事
5.
stop to do sth
停下來(lái)做另一件事情
stop doing sth
停止正在做的事情
stop sb from doing sth
阻止某人干某事
Let's stop to have a test, it's too hot today.
When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.
We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
begin / start to do sth
6.
tell / ask sb to do sth
否定形式tell / ask sb not to do sth.
Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.
Our P.E. teacher told us a story yesterday.
7.
see / hear / watch sb do sth
see / hear / watch sb doing sth
I heard him singing in the room when I passed by.
8.
enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;
enjoy oneself = have a good time
Our classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.
9.
be busy with sth;
be busy doing sth
They are all busy with their work.
10.
finish doing sth.
Tom didn't go to bed until he finished writing the composition.
11.
want sth / to do sth / sb to do sth
would like sth / to do sth / sb to do sth
feel like doing sth.
He didn't feel like eating anything.
12.
had better do sth
否定形式：
had better not do sth
You'd better not sing here, the baby is asleep.
13.
Why not do sth ?
=
why don't you do sth ?
=
Why didn't you do sth ?
Why not come with me?
14.
What about sth / what about doing sth ?
=
How about -----?
How about playing basketball with us?
15.
Thank you for sth /
Thanks for doing sth.
Thanks for your help.
------------
It's a pleasure.
Thanks very much for helping me.
16.
instead往往放在句首或句尾
instead of sth / instead of doing sth.
通常放中間
He didn't go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.
He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..
17.
put on
強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作
wear強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)
in介詞,構(gòu)成一個(gè)短詞
Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we'll do some cleaning.
Kate is wearing a red sweater today.
The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li
18.
在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句、以when , before, after , as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,當(dāng)主句是：一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)、含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或祈使句的情況下,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí).
We'll go hiking if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
it doesn't rain = it isn't rainy
I'll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.
同樣的情況還適用于not ---- until句型
I won't go to bed until I finish my homework.
19.
在以when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,當(dāng)從句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),主句往往用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),表示在過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作：
They were having supper when I got to their home.
20.
It's time for sth /
It's time to do sth /
It's time for sb to do sth.
It's time for us to start our lesson now.
21.
It takes /
It took /
It will take somebody some time to do something.
It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.
It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.
22.
it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ),其真正的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)是后面帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式:
It's necessary to learn English well.
We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.
23.
too ----to句型,too ---- for sb to do sth ----,對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)太-----以致于不能-----
The apples on the tree are too high for me to reach.
Kate is too young to go to school.
24.
enough用法：形前名后, big enough;
enough food
----- enough to do sth
足夠-------能夠-------
Jim is old enough to go to school.
25.
little , a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞;
much修飾不可數(shù)
few a few修飾可數(shù)名詞;
many修飾可數(shù)
a little
a few具有肯定含義little few具有否定含義
some, any , a lot of = lots of既可以修飾不可數(shù),也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞;
There is a little time left, take it easy.
We'd better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.
Mr. Little doesn't have much money. (否定句中常用much而不用a lot of )
26.
much too中心詞是too,常修飾形容詞,It's much too cold today,we should wear warm clothes.
too much中心詞是much,常修飾不可數(shù)名詞,There's too much water,please be careful..
27.
有關(guān)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的問(wèn)答：
May I ------?
No, you can't.
No, you mustn't.
Must I / we -----?
No, you needn't.
要注意could和can的區(qū)別：could可表示語(yǔ)氣的委婉,也表示過(guò)去的能力
Could you help me ?
Could she swim when she was four years old?
要注意must和have to的區(qū)別：must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀, have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀
要注意maybe和may be的區(qū)別：maybe在句中作謂語(yǔ)
Maybe it's here.
It may be here.
28.
不定代詞：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody.
Something常用于肯定句和表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中, anything用于否定句中和疑問(wèn)句中,not anything = nothing;
without anything = with nothing
Would you like something to eat?
I'd like Chinese tea with nothing in it .
形容詞修飾不定代詞要放在不定代詞后面：
Be quiet! I have something important to tell you.
Is there anything interesting in today's newspaper?
29.
反身代詞: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
要記�。阂弧⒍朔Q用物主,第三人稱用賓格,復(fù)數(shù)self要變selves
和反身代詞有關(guān)的一些詞組：enjoy oneself. = have a good time.
learn by oneself,leave one by oneself
She had to teach her son herself.
I don't need your help, I can do it myself.
30.
形容詞修飾名詞,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞：
What a strong wind!
It's blowing strongly.
連系動(dòng)詞：be, feel, look, get, turn , taste, smell, become,+形容詞作表語(yǔ)
31.
感嘆句：What + a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!
What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式/不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!
How +形容詞或副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!
What a nice day it is !
What beautiful flowers they are!
How happily they are playing!
32.
反意疑問(wèn)句：要注意前肯后否,前否后肯,要用be動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來(lái)做,要注意否定詞：never, little, few, hardly ,nothing, nobody等
祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句用：will you ?
以Let's開頭的反意疑問(wèn)句用: shall we ?
She usually gets up at six, doesn't she?
There's little water in the bottle, is there?
Please take these books to the office, will you?
You have never been to New York, have you?
33.
形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：要注意比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成:
規(guī)則變化:要雙寫的：big, fat, thin, red,不規(guī)則變化：good, bad, far, ill,比較級(jí)用在：than , a little + , much + ,最高級(jí)用在：of all, of the three, in his class, in the world等表示有范圍的短語(yǔ)中,one of +最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)
34.
以so引導(dǎo)的倒裝句：表示-----也一樣,也如此,前后主語(yǔ)要不一致,要通過(guò)be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來(lái)做:
I reached home at 9:00, so did my brother.
Canadians eat a lot of beef, so do Chinese people.
35.
either---or----, neither ---- nor ----
連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近原則;
Either of ----或Neither of ------謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);
Both of ------或both---- and -----謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)
Both of them are Chinese.
Neither of them is Australian.
Neither Jim nor I am American.
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