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英語翻譯資格考試catti長句翻譯分析
英語和漢語比較起來,漢語中動詞用得比較多,這是一個特點,往往在英語句子中只用一個謂語動詞,而在漢語中卻可以幾個動詞或動詞性結(jié)構(gòu)連用。以下是小編為大家搜索整理的英語翻譯資格考試catti長句翻譯分析,希望能給大家?guī)韼椭?更多精彩內(nèi)容請及時關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生考試網(wǎng)!
例如,在He admires the President's stated decision to fight for the job. (他對總統(tǒng)聲明為保住其職位而決心奮斗表示欽佩)中,英語的謂語動詞只有admires一個詞,其他用的是過去分詞(stated)、動詞派生名詞(decision)、不定式(to fight)和介詞(for)等。漢語沒有詞形變化,但可以幾個動詞連用。因此,英語中不少詞類(尤其是名詞、介詞、形容詞和副詞)在漢譯時往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞。
(一)名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞
1. 由動詞派生的名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞,在政論文體中出現(xiàn)比較多。如:
1) The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israeli's right to exist. (1967年聯(lián)合國文件要求在以色列撤出所占的土地以及阿拉伯承認(rèn)以色列的生存權(quán)利的基礎(chǔ)上來解決中東沖突。)
2) Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. (火箭已經(jīng)用來探索宇宙。)
2.含有動作意味的名詞(在記敘、描寫文體中出現(xiàn)較多)往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞。如:
1) The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. (看到我們的噴氣式飛機,聽見隆隆的機聲,令我特別神往。)
2) A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial. (從他的辦公室窗口可以一眼看到華盛頓紀(jì)念碑和林肯紀(jì)念館的全景。)
3. 英語中有些加后綴-er的名詞,如teacher教師,thinker思想家等等,有時在句中并不指其身份和職業(yè),而是含有較強的動作意味,在漢語中沒有恰當(dāng)?shù)膶?yīng)名詞時,往往可以譯成動詞。如:
1) I am afraid I can't teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. (我未必會教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比我教得好。)
2) Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man's past wrong doings. (在和兒子談話時,老人寬恕了年輕人過去所干的壞事。)
4. 作為習(xí)語主體的名詞往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞,如:
1) They took a final look at Iron Mike, still intact in the darkness.
他們最后看了鐵麥克一眼——它依舊安然無恙地聳立在黑暗中。
2) The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration.
下一個新聞節(jié)目比通常短,沒有提到游行。
(二)介詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞
1) "Coming!“Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.
"來啦!"她轉(zhuǎn)身蹦著跳著地跑了,越過草地,跑上小徑,跨上臺階,穿過涼臺,進了門廊。
2) I barreled straight ahead, across the harbor and out over the sea.
我筆直向前高速飛行,越過港口,飛臨海面。
(三)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞
英語中表示知覺、情欲、欲望等心理狀態(tài)的形容詞,在系動詞后作表語用時,往往可轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞。如:confident, certain, careful, cautious, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious等。
1) Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.
醫(yī)生們說他們不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。
2) The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious.
她能夠給我?guī)信兒這件事就是個暗示。但是我必須小心謹(jǐn)慎。
(四)副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞
1) That day he was up before sunrise.
那天他在日出以前就起來了。
2) She opened the window to let fresh air in.
她把窗子打開,讓新鮮空氣進來。
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