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2016年高考英語(yǔ)鞏固專題
《情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣》(一)
1.It is required by the rules that students ________ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.
A.will B.may
C.shall D.would
答案 C
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：根據(jù)規(guī)定，學(xué)生如果想拿獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，任一單科成績(jī)不得低于85分。shall用于第三人稱，在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，意為“應(yīng)，必須”。
2.I’m really very busy，otherwise I ________ certainly go there with you.
A.can B.shall
C.will D.would
答案 D
解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。結(jié)合前半句中的內(nèi)容以及后半句中的otherwise一詞可知后半句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以用would。
3.—God!My cell phone is missing.
—You ________ have left it at home.I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.
A.shall B.must
C.would D.could
答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)第二句的內(nèi)容可知第二個(gè)說話人認(rèn)為對(duì)方“一定”是把手機(jī)忘在家里了。
4.Even students of average intelligence ________ become top students by improving their study habits.
A.must B.can
C.have to D.ought to答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：即使智力一般的學(xué)生也可以通過改進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣而成為優(yōu)等生。can在此處表示“能夠”。
5.—Look，I’ve bought some bread，including your favorite flavor.
—You ________ any because we still have plenty at home.
A.should have bought
B.could have bought
C.needn’t have bought
D.mustn’t have bought
答案 C
解析 答語(yǔ)句意為：你沒有必要買，因?yàn)榧依镞�有很多。故應(yīng)用needn’t have done表示本不必做而實(shí)際上做了。could have done 表示過去本可以做某事卻沒做;should have done表示本應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上未做;mustn’t表示禁止。
6.It is beyond my understanding that many adults ________ be so crazy about Harry Potter series.
A.will B.can
C.may D.should
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：很多成年人居然對(duì)哈利·波特系列這么上癮，對(duì)此我不能理解。這里用should表示“居然，竟然”。其他選項(xiàng)都沒有這個(gè)含義。
7.It’s a pity that Andrew didn’t want to go to the conference.________ willing to go，we could have paid all his expenses.
A.Had he been B.Being
C.Was he D.He had been
答案 A
解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣與倒裝。根據(jù)第一句中的時(shí)態(tài)可知此處是對(duì)過去情況的虛擬，意思是“如果他愿意去，我們會(huì)支付他所有的費(fèi)用”。此處是省略了虛擬條件句中的if而引起的倒裝，其正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為“If he had been willing to go”。
8.These days some young people just ________ work hard because they have got used to the easy life provided by their parents.
A.mustn’t B.won’t
C.mightn’t D.shouldn’t
答案 B
解析 句意為：現(xiàn)在一些年輕人就是不愿意努力，因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)習(xí)慣了父母提供的安逸生活。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示意愿，應(yīng)用won’t。mustn’t禁止，不準(zhǔn);mightn’t可能不;shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。
9.—I regret to say that I failed to rank first in the terminal exam.
—Come on，nobody ________ win all the time.
A.should B.must
C.shall D.can
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：——很遺憾我在期末考試中沒有考第一。——振作起來，沒有人能夠一直贏。can(表示有能力做或能夠發(fā)生)能，會(huì);should應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng);must必須;shall(表示決心、命令或指示)必須，應(yīng)當(dāng)。
10.—May I take this book out of the reading room?
—No，you ________.You read it in here.
A.mightn’t B.won’t
C.needn’t D.mustn’t
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的第二句話可知“不能把書拿出閱覽室”，表禁止，故選D項(xiàng)。
11.Sorry，Cathy，I didn’t know that you were badly short of money then.But you ________ me for help.
A.must have asked
B.could have asked
C.would have asked
D.may have asked
答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。說話人為自己不知道Cathy當(dāng)時(shí)急需用錢而感到抱歉，認(rèn)為Cathy當(dāng)時(shí)本來可以向自己求助。could have done表示過去本來可以做某事，可實(shí)際上并沒有做。
12.—I called you at 9 last night，but no one answered.
—Sorry，I ________ sleeping.I went to bed very early.
A.need have been B.would have been
C.must have been D.should have been
答案 C
解析 根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的“I went to bed very early”可知，此處為肯定推測(cè)，用must，表示問話人打電話時(shí)，答話人一定正在睡覺。must have done表示過去肯定做了某事。
13.I’m as busy as a bee;________ you bother me with so many questions now?
A.may B.must
C.can D.shall
答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：我忙得不可開交，為什么你現(xiàn)在偏要拿這么多的問題來打擾我呢?must有時(shí)可以表示一種不受歡迎的巧合，指某事發(fā)生得不早不遲，就在某個(gè)當(dāng)緊的時(shí)候，通常含有不快、不滿、心煩、惱火等感情色彩，意為“偏偏，偏要”。
14.—Did you go to the fashion show last week?
—I ________，but I was fully occupied the whole week.
A.must go B.must have gone
C.would go D.would have gone
答案 D
解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的“but I was fully occupied”可知，此處是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的虛擬，應(yīng)用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來要做某事而實(shí)際上未做”，故選D項(xiàng)。
15.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.
A.must B.dare
C.may D.shall
答案 C
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：了解有可能會(huì)帶來麻煩的文化差異是重要的。此處may表示不確定的推測(cè)，意思是“有可能”。
16.—Could I have a word with you，mum?
—Oh，dear，if you ________.
A.can B.must
C.may D.should
答案 B
解析 17.My mother is a great cook and we ________ never get enough of her cookies.
A.may B.need
C.should D.can
答案 D
解析 句意為：我媽媽是一個(gè)很了不起的廚師，我們吃不夠她做的餅干。can’t...enough為固定搭配，意為“無論……也不過分”。
18.—I wonder where Peter is.He said he’d be here for lunch.
—Don’t worry!He________be caught in the rush hour.
A.will B.should
C.can D.may
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)。句意為：——我想知道Peter在哪里。他說要來這里吃午飯的。——別擔(dān)心!他可能遇到上下班高峰期了。may表示事實(shí)上的可能性，意為“可能，也許”。
19.—Why，I didn’t get you on the phone.
—We ________football on the playground when you phoned.
A.must be playing
B.must play
C.must have played
D.must have been playing
答案 D
解析 句意為：——嗨，我打電話沒找到你。——你打電話的時(shí)候我們肯定正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。表示對(duì)過去所發(fā)生的事情的肯定推測(cè)用must have done的形式，再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處推測(cè)的是過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情，故用must have been doing，故答案為D項(xiàng)。
20.—Why didn’t Henry come?
—He ________ except he didn’t have time.
A.would have come B.will come
C.would come D.will be coming
答案 A
解析 句意為：——Henry為什么沒來?——他本來要來的，只是他沒有時(shí)間。except從句表達(dá)的是過去時(shí)陳述語(yǔ)氣，主句為與過去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
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