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20個(gè)雅思易混淆詞匯盤(pán)點(diǎn)
在平平淡淡的學(xué)習(xí)中，說(shuō)到知識(shí)點(diǎn)，大家是不是都習(xí)慣性的重視？知識(shí)點(diǎn)也不一定都是文字，數(shù)學(xué)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)除了定義，同樣重要的公式也可以理解為知識(shí)點(diǎn)。哪些才是我們真正需要的知識(shí)點(diǎn)呢？以下是小編幫大家整理的20個(gè)雅思易混淆詞匯盤(pán)點(diǎn)，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。
詞匯盤(pán)點(diǎn)1：
1.Wanton (adj.) Showing no care for the feelings of others; out of control. As in: "As flies to wanton boys are we to the gods. They kill us for their sport." —William Shakespeare, King Lear
Wanton(adj.)：不在乎別人感情的;失控的。
我們之于神，正如蒼蠅之于野孩子。他們殺死我們，不過(guò)是為了娛樂(lè)(可能有不達(dá)之處，請(qǐng)各位諒解指正!以下同)
--威廉.莎士比亞 《李爾王》
2.Citadel (n.) A fortress that commands a city; a stronghold. As in: "She seemed to know, to accept, to welcome her position, the citadel of the family, the strong place that could not be taken." —John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath
Citadel (n.)：城堡;要塞
她似乎理解，接受，也安于她的地位，家庭里的城堡，不能被奪走的好位置。
--約翰.斯坦貝克《憤怒的葡萄》
3.Blasé (adj.) Showing a lack of interest; affected boredom. As in: "Believe me, I may be a bit blasé, but I can still get any man I want." ―F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gatsby Girls
Blasé (adj.)：厭倦的;裝出來(lái)的厭倦
相信我，我雖然厭倦于此，但我想要哪個(gè)男人，我還是能得到的。
--司各特.菲茨杰拉德《蓋茨比女孩》
4.Tawdry (adj.) Cheap and gaudy in appearance. As in: "The more wonderful the means of communication, the more trivial, tawdry, or depressing its contents seemed to be." ―Arthur C. Clarke, 2001: A Space Odyssey
Tawdry (adj.): 廉價(jià)而俗麗的
交流的方式越神奇，其內(nèi)容似乎就越無(wú)意義，越華而不實(shí)、越讓人壓抑。
--亞瑟.C.克拉克 《2001太空漫游》
5.Mien (n.) Demeanor. As in: "Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year." —Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice
Mien(n.): 神態(tài)，儀表
達(dá)西先生個(gè)頭又高又勻稱(chēng)，五官精致，神態(tài)高貴，很快就吸引了房間里所有人的注意。他進(jìn)門(mén)不到五分鐘，消息就滿(mǎn)屋傳開(kāi)了：他一年進(jìn)帳上萬(wàn)啦!
--簡(jiǎn).奧斯汀《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》
6.Retentive (adj.) Able to retain or remember many things. As in: "I am an omnivorous reader with a strangely retentive memory for trifles." ―Arthur Conan Doyle, The Complete Sherlock Holmes
Retentive (adj.)：有記性的;記性強(qiáng)的
我無(wú)書(shū)不讀，對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)記得特別深刻。
--亞瑟.柯楠.道爾《夏洛克.福爾摩斯全集》
7.Servile (adj.) Submissive; slavish. As in: "Throw a stick, and the servile dog wheezes and pants and stumbles to bring it to you. Do the same before a cat, and he will eye you with coolly polite and somewhat bored amusement." —H.P. Lovecraft, Something About Cats
Servile (adj.): 畢恭畢敬的;屈從的
扔出一根棍子，奴隸一般的狗就會(huì)呼哧呼哧忙不迭地給你銜回來(lái)。在貓跟前做同樣的事，他會(huì)瞄你一眼，冷冷地、禮貌地、又有些倦怠的開(kāi)心。
--H.P. 洛夫克拉夫特《說(shuō)貓》
8.Simper (v.) To smile insincerely. As in: "If you ever find a man you love, dont waste time hanging your head and simpering. Go right up to him and say, I love you. How about getting married?" ― Betty Smith, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn
Simper (v.): 假笑;訕笑
你若是找到了心愛(ài)的男人，別只顧耷拉著頭傻笑。走上前去，對(duì)他說(shuō)：“我愛(ài)你。我們結(jié)婚如何?”
--貝蒂.史密斯《布魯克林有棵樹(shù)》
9.Qualm (n.) A sudden feeling of uneasiness, uncertainty, or nausea. As in: "She was like a bride-to-be who begins to feel her sickening qualms as the day approaches, and dares not speak her mind" —Ian McEwan, Atonement
Qualm(n.): 突然覺(jué)得的不適或疑惑
她就像一位待嫁的新娘，隨著日子的臨近，開(kāi)始感到惶恐不安，還不敢說(shuō)出來(lái)。
--伊恩.麥克尤恩《贖罪》
10.Mendicant (n.) A beggar. As in: "An artist without ideas is a mendicant; barren, he goes begging among the hours." ― Irving Stone, The Agony and the Ecstasy
Mendicant (n.): 乞丐
沒(méi)有思想的藝術(shù)家就如乞丐;成天可憐兮兮地四處乞討。
--歐文.斯通《痛苦與狂喜》
11.Oblique (adj.) Indirect; slanted. As in: "He watched sleepily the flakes, silver and dark, falling obliquely against the lamplight." —James Joyce, Dubliners
間接的;傾斜的
12.Churlish (adj.) Impolite, hard to work with. As in: "Wretched inmates! I ejaculated, mentally, you deserve perpetual isolation from your species for your churlish inhospitality." —Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights
無(wú)禮的，不好合作的
13.Discordant (adj.) Out of harmony; conflicting. As in: "And travellers now within that valley, /Through the red-litten windows see/ Vast forms that move fantastically/ To a discordant melody" —Edgar Allen Poe, The Fall of The House of Usher
不和諧的;矛盾的
14.Upbraid (v.) To severely criticize; scold. As in: "That fiend! Mr. Darling would cry, and Nanas bark was the echo of it, but Mrs. Darling never upbraided Peter; there was something in the right-hand corner of her mouth that wanted her not to call Peter names." ― J.M. Barrie, Peter Pan
嚴(yán)厲指責(zé)
15.Adage (n.) An old and well-known saying. As in: "Einmal ist keinmal, says Tomas to himself. What happens but once, says the German adage, might as well not have happened at all." —Milan Kundera, The Unbearable Lightness of Being
格言
16.Oust (v.) To remove from power; supplant. As in: "Let faith oust fact; let fancy oust memory; I look deep down and do believe." ― Herman Melville, Moby-Dick
驅(qū)逐;取代
17.Haughty (adj.) Disdainfully proud; arrogant. As in: "Out from the door of the farmhouse came a long file of pigs, all walking on their hind legs...out came Napoleon himself, majestically upright, casting haughty glances from side to side" —George Orwell, Animal Farm
傲氣的;不可一世的
18.Malinger (v.) To pretend to be sick or injured to avoid work. As in: "Pike, the malingerer, who, in his lifetime of deceit, had often successfully feigned a hurt leg, was now limping in earnest." —Jack London, The Call of The Wild
裝病逃避工作
19.Voracious (adj.) Having a huge appetite; ravenous. As in: "It occurred to me that the voracious ambition of humans is never sated by dreams coming true, because there is always the thought that everything might be done better and again." ―John Green, The Fault in Our Stars
貪婪的;如饑似渴的
20.Stoical (adj.) Showing no emotion, especially in response to pain or distress. As in: "The stoical scheme of supplying our wants by lopping off our desires, is like cutting off our feet, when we want shoes." ― Jonathan Swift, Thoughts on Various Subjects
不為所動(dòng)的
相關(guān)資料：
所以我們來(lái)一起看一看常見(jiàn)的替換類(lèi)型：
1、描述型替換
題目和原文是現(xiàn)象對(duì)應(yīng)本質(zhì)，概念對(duì)應(yīng)例子, 或單詞對(duì)其解釋。
比如狄老師認(rèn)真回答學(xué)生問(wèn)題, 批改作業(yè)到深夜，原文中說(shuō)有職業(yè)責(zé)任感，這個(gè)就是同義替換.
我們以真題為例：
題目：The consumption of fossil fuel would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary. C11
原文：It would reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.
其中vehicles對(duì)應(yīng)其中的一種例子tractor，unnecessary對(duì)應(yīng)其詞義解釋cutting out the need for，再比如：
C8 chemical fertilizer and pesticide，farming grow plants and herd animals
C9 serious problemsnuclear war and pollution，C10 a range of functions gathering, leisure, relaxation, worship
C11 Unnecessarycutting out the need for
很明顯不屬于同義詞, 但卻是對(duì)同一事物的不同表達(dá)方式, 多個(gè)詞對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)詞.這在雅思中出現(xiàn)幾率非常大. 這種替換找不到就會(huì)很惱火,因?yàn)槿悄阏J(rèn)識(shí)的詞, 但是就是腦子轉(zhuǎn)不過(guò)來(lái), 所以需要大家有這么一個(gè)意識(shí), 不要按同義詞嚴(yán)絲合縫的去找替換.
2、同義詞替換
此類(lèi)替換比較復(fù)雜，也非常常見(jiàn)。
比如:
題目:Much effort is made and correct answers are emphasized C6T3
原文:The emphasis is on hard work coupled with a focus on accuracy.
其中Much efforthard work, andcoupled with, correct answersaccuracy, emphasisfocus on
但是有些題目，大家會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)詞都認(rèn)識(shí)，但感覺(jué)不到其間的替換關(guān)系?
原因很簡(jiǎn)單，這些單詞你并不認(rèn)識(shí)。中英單詞不是一一對(duì)應(yīng)的，單詞的核心意思具體語(yǔ)境下會(huì)有變化，拘泥于中文含義理解單詞則體會(huì)不出單詞的語(yǔ)境意，也就找不到替換了。
題目: the most important step is for school authorities to produce a _ policy _C6T4
原文:A key step is to develop a policy on
produce和develop 能不能叫替換詞?生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展,乍一看好像不是。理解詞義的最好方式是看英英詞典, 但大家能堅(jiān)持做到的不會(huì)很多, 所以大家可以嘗試方式, 用中文解釋其中文詞義，解釋后的部分更貼近單詞的核心詞義。生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展都是弄出了一個(gè)什么新的東西，本義是相近的。
再比如
原文： detect(偵查)the flaws
題目： locate(定位)the faults
Detect和locate都有尋找的位置的意思，本質(zhì)上是有相同的含義的。
原文：there is damage to property too.
題目： does considerable damage to buildings
這就是一詞多義，有些詞義比較接近，有些相差較遠(yuǎn)，這在語(yǔ)言中是一個(gè)很常見(jiàn)的現(xiàn)象，比如在漢語(yǔ)中，問(wèn)：小紅，你有腿毛嗎?答：有個(gè)毛啊!
粗暴地背中文詞義很難能解決問(wèn)題，大家應(yīng)該嘗試去理解單詞在不同語(yǔ)境、針對(duì)不同對(duì)象時(shí)詞義的變化。至于怎么背閱讀的詞, 咱們?nèi)蘸笤僬f(shuō)。
3、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換
單詞的后綴決定詞性，大多數(shù)情況下后綴改變不影響詞義，少部分詞有詞義的變化。
Consume consumption
secrete secretions
fertilize fertilizers
creativity creative
investigative investigate
half halve
prefer preference
emit emission
error erroneous
medical medicine
當(dāng)我們確定要找的題目中的詞不認(rèn)識(shí)時(shí)，我們只能找到它在原文中的原詞重或詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。大家可以在背單詞時(shí)留心一下詞綴部分，不用去背名詞后綴有什么，動(dòng)詞后綴有什么，你只需要逆向看到這個(gè)后綴能聯(lián)系到題目中的詞即可。
4、邏輯詞的替換
主要考察四種邏輯：因果，并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，否定，考察的較少，但是也偶爾會(huì)成為出題點(diǎn)
因果：because for，as，since，result in，therefore，contribute to，breed因?yàn)閷?dǎo)致都含有一個(gè)因果關(guān)系的替換，有因就有果。
并列：and as well as， first second third，range fromto
轉(zhuǎn)折：but however，despite， although
盡管但是 都有一個(gè)讓步轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯，比如：雖然你長(zhǎng)得丑，但是你想得美啊。在英語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)了although則不會(huì)出現(xiàn)but，否定：not 如果題目中有否定詞，經(jīng)�？梢阅脕�(lái)優(yōu)先尋找，因?yàn)槿拇蠖嗍强隙ň�，少�?shù)是否定句，會(huì)更加好尋找一些，比如：lack、 vanish、 in need of、little、fail to, 以及有l(wèi)ess、free等否定后綴的詞。
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