雅思閱讀理解模擬試題《謊言揭秘》

　　從小學(xué)、初中、高中到大學(xué)乃至工作，我們會經(jīng)常接觸并使用試題，借助試題可以檢測考試者對某方面知識或技能的掌握程度。還在為找參考試題而苦惱嗎？下面是小編精心整理的雅思閱讀理解模擬試題《謊言揭秘》，歡迎閱讀，希望大家能夠喜歡。

　　雅思閱讀理解模擬試題《謊言揭秘》 1

　　Lighting Up The Lies

　　You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage below.

　　Last year Sean A. Spence, a professor at the school of medicine at the University of Sheffield in England, performed brain scans that showed that a woman convicted of poisoning a child in her care appeared to be telling the truth when she denied committing the crime. This deception study, along with two others performed by the Sheffield group, was funded by Quickfire Media, a television production company working for the U.K.s Channel 4, which broadcast videos of the researchers at work as part of a three-part series called "Lie Lab." The brain study of the woman later appeared in the journal European Psychiatry.

　　Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) purports to detect mendacity by seeing inside the brain instead of tracking peripheral measures of anxiety—such as changes in pulse, blood pressure or respiration —measured by a polygraph. Besides drawing hundreds of thousands of viewers, fMRI has pulled in entrepreneurs. Two companies—Cephos in Pepperell, Mass., and No Lie MRI in Tarzana, Calif.—claim to predict with 90 percent or greater certitude whether you are telling the truth. No Lie MRI, whose name evokes the casual familiarity of a walk-in dental clinic in a strip mall, suggests that the technique may even be used for “risk reduction in dating”.

　　Many neuroscientists and legal scholars doubt such claims—and some even question whether brain scans for lie detection will ever be ready for anything but more research on the nature of deception and the brain. An fMRI machine tracks blood flow to activated brain areas. The assumption in lie detection is that the brain must exert extra effort when telling a lie and that the regions that do more work get more blood. Such areas light up in scans; during the lie studies, the illuminated regions are primarily involved in decision making.

　　To assess how fMRI and other neuroscience findings affect the law, the Mac-Arthur Foundation put up $10 million last year to pilot for three years the Law and Neuroscience Project. Part of the funding will attempt to set criteria for accurate and reliable lie detection using fMRI and other brain-scanning technology. “I think its not possible, given the current technology, to trust the results,” says Marcus Raichle, a neuroscientist at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis who heads the projects study group on lie detection. “But it’s not impossible to set up a research program to determine whether that’s possible.” A major review article last year in the American Journal of Law and Medicine by Henry T. Greely of Stanford University and Judy Illes, now at the University of British Columbia, explores the deficiencies of existing research and what may be needed to move the technology forward. The two scholars found that lie detection studies conducted so far (still less than 20 in all) failed to prove that fMRI is “effective as a lie detector in the real world at any accuracy level.”

　　Most studies examined groups, not individuals. Subjects in these studies were healthy young adults—making it unclear how the results would apply to someone who takes a drug that affects blood pressure or has a blockage in an artery. And the two researchers questioned the specificity of the lit-up areas; they noted that the regions also correlate with a wide range of cognitive behaviors, including memory, self- monitoring and conscious self-awareness.

　　The biggest challenge for which the Law and Neuroscience Project is already funding new research—is how to diminish the artificiality of the test protocol. Lying about whether a playing card is the seven of spades may not activate the same areas of the cortex as answering a question about whether you robbed the corner store. In fact, the most realistic studies to date may have come from the Lie Lab television programs. The two companies marketing the technology are not waiting for more data. Cephos is offering scans without charge to people who claim they were falsely accused if they meet certain criteria in an effort to get scans accepted by the courts. Allowing scans as legal evidence could open a potentially huge and lucrative market. “We may have to take many shots on goal before we actually see a courtroom.” says Cephos chief executive Steven Laken. He asserts that the technology has achieved 97 percent accuracy and that the more than 100 people scanned using the Cephos protocol have provided data that have resolved many of the issues that Greely and Illes cited.

　　But until formal clinical trials prove that the machines meet safety and effectiveness criteria, Greely and Illes have called for a ban on non-research uses. Trials envisaged for regulatory approval hint at the technical challenges. Actors, professional poker players and sociopaths would be compared against average Joes. The devout would go in the scanner after nonbelievers. Testing would take into account social setting. White lies—“no, dinner really was fantastic”—would have to be compared against untruths about sexual peccadilloes to ensure that the brain reacts identically.

　　There potential for abuse prompts caution. “The danger is that people’s lives can be changed in bad ways because of mistakes in the technology,” Greely says. “The danger for the science is that it gets a black eye because of this very high profile use of neuroimaging that goes wrong.” Considering the long and controversial history of the polygraph, gradualism may be the wisest course to follow for a new diagnostic that probes an essential quality governing social interaction.

　　Question 1-7

　　Use the information in the passage to match the people (listed A-D) with opinions or deeds below. Write the appropriate letters A-D in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

　　NB you may use any letter more than once

　　A Henry T. Greely &Judy Illes

　　B Steven Laken

　　C Henry T. Greely

　　D Marcus Raichle

　　1 The possibility hidden in a mission impossible

　　2 The uncertain effectiveness of functional magnetic resonance imaging for detecting lies

　　3 The hazard lying behind the technology as a lie detector

　　4 The limited fields for the use of lie detection technology

　　5 Several successful cases of applying the results from the lie detection technology

　　6 Cons of the current research related to lie-detector tests

　　7 There should be some requested work to improve the techniques regarding lie detection

　　Question 8-10

　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

　　In boxes 8-10 on your answer sheet, write

　　TRUE if the statement is true

　　FALSE if the statement is false

　　NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

　　8 The lie detection for a convicted woman was first conducted by researchers in Europe.

　　9 The legitimization of using scans in the court might mean a promising and profitable business.

　　10 There is always something wrong with neuroimaging.

　　Question 11-13

　　Summary

　　Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using No More than Three words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.

　　It is claimed that functional magnetic resonance imaging can check lies by observing the internal part of the brain rather than following up 11 to evaluate the anxiety as 12 does. Audiences as well as 13 are fascinated by this amazing lie-detection technology.

　　雅思閱讀理解模擬試題《謊言揭秘》 2

　　You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1 - 13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

　　Last year, Sean A. Spence, a professor at the University of Sheffields medical school in England, conducted brain scans that indicated a woman convicted of poisoning a child in her care seemed truthful when denying the crime. This deception study, along with two others by the Sheffield group, was funded by Quickfire Media, a TV production company for the U.K.s Channel 4. The series "Lie Lab" broadcast videos of the researchers at work, and the brain study of the woman later appeared in the journal European Psychiatry.

　　Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) claims to detect lies by looking inside the brain, unlike polygraphs that track peripheral anxiety measures like pulse, blood pressure, or respiration changes. Besides attracting hundreds of thousands of viewers, fMRI has also drawn in entrepreneurs. Two companies - Cephos in Pepperell, Mass., and No Lie MRI in Tarzana, Calif. - claim to predict truth - telling with 90 percent or higher certainty. No Lie MRI even suggests the technique could be used for "risk reduction in dating".

　　However, many neuroscientists and legal scholars are skeptical. Some question whether brain scans for lie detection will ever be ready for practical use beyond research on deception and the brain. An fMRI machine tracks blood flow to activated brain areas. The assumption in lie detection is that the brain exerts extra effort when lying, and regions doing more work receive more blood, lighting up in scans. During lie studies, the illuminated regions are mainly involved in decision - making.

　　To evaluate how fMRI and other neuroscience findings impact the law, the Mac - Arthur Foundation provided $10 million last year for a three - year pilot of the Law and Neuroscience Project. Part of the funding will try to set criteria for accurate and reliable lie detection using fMRI and other brain - scanning technology. "Given the current technology, I dont think its possible to trust the results," says Marcus Raichle, a neuroscientist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, who heads the projects lie - detection study group. "But its not impossible to establish a research program to determine if its possible." A major review article last year in the American Journal of Law and Medicine by Henry T. Greely of Stanford University and Judy Illes, now at the University of British Columbia, explored the deficiencies of existing research and what might be needed to advance the technology.

　　Questions 1 - 5

　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

　　In boxes 1 - 5 on your answer sheet, write

　　TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

　　FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

　　NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

　　The woman studied by Sean A. Spence was actually innocent.

　　fMRI detects lies in a different way from a polygraph.

　　Cephos and No Lie MRI have successfully applied fMRI in lie detection for dating.

　　Most neuroscientists believe that brain scans for lie detection are ready for practical use.

　　The Mac - Arthur Foundations funding will be used to prove the reliability of fMRI in lie detection.

　　Questions 6 - 9

　　Complete the sentences below.

　　Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

　　Write your answers in boxes 6 - 9 on your answer sheet.

　　6. The deception studies by the Sheffield group were funded by a company working for ______.

　　7. fMRI claims to detect lies by observing the ______ instead of peripheral measures of anxiety.

　　8. The assumption in lie detection using fMRI is that lying requires extra effort from the brain, and the areas with more work show up as ______ in scans.

　　9. Marcus Raichle believes that with current technology, the results of fMRI for lie detection are not ______.

　　Questions 10 - 13

　　Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

　　Write the correct letter in boxes 10 - 13 on your answer sheet.

　　10. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. The successful application of fMRI in lie detection.

　　B. The doubts and challenges about using brain scans for lie detection.

　　C. The future development of lie - detection technology.

　　D. The cooperation between neuroscientists and legal scholars.

　　11. Why do some companies claim high certainty in predicting truth - telling with fMRI?

　　A. Because they have conducted a large number of experiments.

　　B. Because fMRI has been proven highly accurate in scientific research.

　　C. Because they want to attract more customers.

　　D. Because neuroscientists support their claims.

　　12. What does the review article in the American Journal of Law and Medicine mainly discuss?

　　A. The current situation of lie - detection technology in the legal field.

　　B. The cooperation between Stanford University and the University of British Columbia.

　　C. The problems of existing research and the requirements for technological progress.

　　D. The role of the Mac - Arthur Foundation in promoting lie - detection research.

　　13. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. The woman studied by Sean A. Spence was proven to be lying after further investigation.

　　B. Polygraphs are more reliable than fMRI in lie detection.

　　C. The Law and Neuroscience Project aims to develop new lie - detection technology.

　　D. Some scholars question the practical use of brain scans for lie detection.

　　雅思閱讀理解模擬試題《謊言揭秘》 3

　　You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14 - 26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

　　A survey has revealed that women frequently lie on social networking sites such as Facebook or Twitter to make their lives seem more exciting. Researchers found that at least one in four women exaggerate or distort what they are doing on social media once a month.

　　The survey of 2000 women showed that they often pretend to be out in the town when they are actually home alone, and they embellish stories about an exotic holiday or their job. The most common reasons for women to tell these "fibs" include worrying that their lives might seem "boring", feeling jealous when seeing others more exciting posts, and wanting to impress their friends and acquaintances.

　　Psychologists suggest that while people try to "stay connected" on social media, paradoxically, they can end up feeling "more isolated". They also state that "the more we try to make our lives seem perfect, the less perfect we feel". According to the OnePoll survey, one - third of the women surveyed admitted to being "dishonest" on social media sites like Facebook and Twitter at some point.

　　Almost one in four admitted to lying or exaggerating key aspects of their lives online between one and three times a month, while almost one in 10 said they lied more than once a week. Nearly 30 percent of women lied about "doing something when I am home alone", almost a quarter overstated their alcohol consumption, and one in five were untruthful about their holiday activities or their jobs. Almost one in five women even lied about their "relationship status".

　　"We work extremely hard to present ourselves to the world online, constantly pretending and trying to be happy, which is exhausting and ultimately unfulfilling," said Dr Michael Sinclair, a leading British consultant psychologist. "Omitting the less - desirable imperfections of our lives from our online conversations with friends reduces the opportunity to feel empathized with, resulting in a greater sense of disconnection from others."

　　The survey was commissioned by Pencourage, a new anonymous "diary - style" social media website.

　　Questions 14 - 18

　　Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?

　　In boxes 14 - 18 on your answer sheet, write

　　TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

　　FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

　　NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

　　14. Only women lie on social networking sites.

　　15. The survey found that more than half of the women lie about their holiday activities.

　　16. Jealousy is one of the main reasons for women to lie on social media.

　　17. Psychologists believe that being honest on social media can make people feel more isolated.

　　18. Dr Michael Sinclair thinks that presenting a perfect self online is beneficial.

　　Questions 19 - 22

　　Complete the summary below.

　　Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

　　Write your answers in boxes 19 - 22 on your answer sheet.

　　A survey of 2000 women shows that they often lie on social networking sites. They may pretend to be out while actually at home, and lie about their 19. The reasons for these lies include fear of being 20, jealousy, and the desire to 21 friends. Psychologists point out that trying to seem perfect on social media can lead to a sense of 22.

　　Questions 23 - 26

　　Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

　　Write the correct letter in boxes 23 - 26 on your answer sheet.

　　23. What is the main finding of the survey?

　　A. Men and women lie equally on social media.

　　B. Women lie on social media to make their lives seem more interesting.

　　C. People lie on social media to avoid being isolated.

　　D. Social media makes people more honest.

　　24. How many women in the survey admitted to being "dishonest" on social media at some stage?

　　A. One - quarter.

　　B. One - fifth.

　　C. One - third.

　　D. Almost half.

　　25. What does Dr Michael Sinclair think of presenting a perfect self online?

　　A. It makes people more popular.

　　B. It helps people build better relationships.

　　C. It is tiring and makes people feel unfulfilled.

　　D. It is a good way to show ones confidence.

　　26. What is the purpose of the passage?

　　A. To promote the new social media website Pencourage.

　　B. To encourage people to be more honest on social media.

　　C. To introduce a survey about women lying on social media and its implications.

　　D. To analyze the reasons why people use social media.

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