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2017大一上英語期末考試試卷及答案
大一上英語期末考試試卷
姓名：____________學(xué)號：___________班級：____________成績：_____________
考試時間：105分鐘 認(rèn)真應(yīng)考，�？荚嚦晒�!
I.Multiple choice .
1. They are all interested ______ English.
A. in B. on C. to
2. My sister _____ a letter when I got home last night.
A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote
3. He asked me if I ______ the play.
A. saw B. had seen C. have seen
4. _____ is raining now. You'd better stay at home.
A. It B. Weather C. This
5. He will write to you as soon as he ______ there.
A. will get B. to gets C. gets
6. The bus stop ______ in 1999.
A. was built B. will be built C. built
7. The work must ______ in time.
A. be done B. did C. is doing
8. The policeman told us ______ in the street.
A. don't play B. not to play C. to not play
9. Tom told me that he _____ to England the next week.
A. would go B. will go C. is going
10. The Blacks ______ in this factory since 1996.
A. has worked B. has come C. have been
11. There are about five ______ students in our school.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of
12. Saturday is the ______ day of the week.
A. first B. second C. last
13. . Get up early,______ you'll catch the early bus.
A. so B. and C. but D. or
14. Hurry up,______ you'll be late for class.
A. so B. and C or
15. . The PRC was founded ______ October 1st,1949.
A. in B. on C. with
16. —Which sweater do you like better?
—______.
A. Good idea B. I can’t decide C. Yes, it’s nice
17. —How do you like the new film?
—______.
A. Very kind B. Very delicious C. Very lucky
18. —Could you come, please? I want some help.
—______.
A. Yes, I could B. You’re welcome C. That’s right
19. —Don’t pick flowers in the school garden next time, Lili.
—______
A. I have no idea B. Sorry, I won’t. C. Is that so?
—Sorry, mummy. I can’t tie my shoe.
20. —Don’t worry, dear. ______.
A. I want to help you B. I’ll help you C. I’d like to help you
II.Reading Conprehension.
Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).
1.Skipping Reading
Personality is to a large extent inherent—a type parents usually bring about a type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major fact or in the lives of their children. ?
One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the win at all costs moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!
By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B’s. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management. ?
If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged.
Questions:
1. Beside inherence, personality is also deeply effected by ?______________________.
2. Person who has A characteristics is ?______________________________________.
3. What was disagreed to in schools by the author? ______________________________.
4. Why is top management of school to fit a child’s personality____________________.
5. According to the 5th Para., B’s characteristic is suggested to be ________________.
2.Deeply Reading
Kite flying is the sport of sending up into the air,by means of the wind , a light frame covered with paper,plastic or cloth. The frame can be one of many different shapes and is attached to a long string held in the hand or wound on a drum. Kites have a long history of practical application and many different types of kite have been debeloped to serve various purposes.
The ancient Chinese used bird-kites to carry ropes across rivers and valleys. The current folding kite which will dive excitingly is an improved type of such a kite. With its long flat body and single pair of bird-like wings,it looks just like a large bird in the air. The modern version is usually made of tissue-paper rather than the traditional silk.
Man-lifting kites were developed in ancient times, again by the Chinese, for getting information from walled cities and army camps. In fact , as recently as world 2 ,German U-boats flew kites from their towers to lift people into the air to watch the land. These kites ,which are no longer in existence,were made of light-weight cloth.They were much larger and stronger than the Chinese ones. Their design,however, was simply that of the cutter kite. Smaller in size,this type of kite is still very popular as a toy for children, being easy to make with a diamond-shaped frame,no wings and brown-paper covering.
Box-kites are another type of kite found in toy shops today. The first box-kite,named for its box-like body,was developed in the nineteenth century to test theories of flight and this type of cotton-covered kite greatly assisted the success of early aeroplane.These kites are the ancestors of a heavier version of the box-kite,which consists of two main sections,placed side by side. Developed for the peacetime purpose of fishing in strong sea wind,it is the only modern kite described which has practical value . A long-lasting plastic material has to be used for this kite,which carries fishing lines.
1.The ancient Chinese bird-kites were usually made of light frames covered with_____.
a.silk
b.paper
c.cloth
d.plastic
2.The kites used by German U-boats in would war 2 for the military purpose were made of _____.
a.brown paper
b.plastic material
c.light-weight cloth
d.traditional silk
3.The ancient Chinese man-lifting kites were used_____.
a.to carry ropes across rivers and valleys
b.for the military purpose
c.as toy for children
d.for fishing in strong sea wind
4.Which of the following statements is not ture?
a.The frame of a kite is attached to long string held in the hand or wound on drum.
b.The ancestor of the double box-kite.
c.The cutter kite has a diamond-shaped body but no wings.
d.The current folding kite is developed to test theories of flight.
5.The best title for this passage may be______.
a.The ancestors of modern kites
b.The history of the chinese kites
c.different types and uses of kites
d.the different between ancient and modern kites.
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3.Fast Reading
Why Integrity Matters
What is Integrity?
"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.
What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.
Risky Business
We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.
Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.
"But Everybody Does It"
Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themseWhy Integrity Matters
What is Integrity?
"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.
What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.
Risky Business
We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.
Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.
"But Everybody Does It"
Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themseWhy Integrity Matters
What is Integrity?
"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.
What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.
Risky Business
We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.
Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.
"But Everybody Does It"
Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themseelves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.
To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.
Evaluating Risks
To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test or assignment; an "F" in the class; Suspension or Dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.
Getting Away With It--Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.
Cheating Hurts Others, Too
Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatant and destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.
Why Integrity Matters
If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.
In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.
1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.
A) sticks to them in their daily life
B) makes them known to others
C) understands their true values
D)sees that others also follow them
2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?
A) It helps to create team spirit
B) It facilitates communication
C) It is the basis of mutual trust
D) It inspires mutual respect
3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take?
A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.
C. so that we don’t break any rules.
D. so that we don’t run into trouble.
4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?
A. it has caused no harm.
B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
C. it has gone unnoticed.
D. it is committed with good intentions.
5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?
A. Avoid making excuses.
B. Listen to other people’s advice.
C. Make his intensions public.
D. Have others watch over his shoulder.
6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.
A. will often become more cautious
B. are usually very aggressive
C. value immediate benefits most.
D. may lose everything in the end
7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.
A) pay more dearly
B) become more confident
C) be widely admired
D) feel somewhat lucky
8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to _______
9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s _______
10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of _______.
III.翻譯
1. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake.
2. Linda couldn’t have received my e-mail， otherwise, she could have replied。
3. It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in my study。
4. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel
5. It’s wrong to define happiness only by money.
6. She didn’t recognize me at first.
7. My friend looked a little ashamed.
8. That part of the country is poor.
9. Though she was quite tired, she kept on studying.
10. The children can get their textbooks for free.
IV.Conposition Practice
Where There Is a Will There Is a Way
1.堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志是成功的`重要保證。
2.意志堅(jiān)定的人才能完成偉大的使命，學(xué)生也是這樣，不刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，終究不會成為有用之才
要求：寫出真情實(shí)感，不得抄襲，字?jǐn)?shù)120字左右。
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The Key:
I.Multiple choice
6—10 ABBAC 11—15 BABAC 16-20 ACBCB 21-25 BCCBB
II.Reading Conprehension.
1.Skipping Reading
短文大意:
這篇文章主要談?wù)摰氖侨说男愿竦呐囵B(yǎng)。作者指出，個性雖然在很大程度上是與生俱來的，但環(huán)境的作用也很重要。作者指出，因?yàn)閷W(xué)校崇尚“不惜一切代價取勝”的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而使學(xué)校成為培養(yǎng)A型性格的主要場所。作者批評了這種以考試作競爭的手段，因?yàn)檫@并不是學(xué)校的最高的辦學(xué)宗旨。
1.【參考答案】 environment
【答題技巧】 “順藤摸瓜”，沿著與題相關(guān)的內(nèi)容深入下去。
【詳細(xì)解答】 問題是“除了遺傳，性格還深受什么的影響”。文中第一段的第一句話講得明白：Personality is to a large extent inherent.(個性在很大程度上是與生俱來的)，這是一個與題相關(guān)的句子，沿著這個句子繼續(xù)走，可以得到“But the environment must also have a profound effect, “profound”意思是“deep”，也就是說，環(huán)境對人的.性格也有很深的影響。因此，答案不得而知。
2.【參考答案】 keen to win / competitive
【答題技巧】 綜合考慮，歸納總結(jié)是本題的方法。
【詳細(xì)解答】 這個問題問的是A型人的性格。這樣一個問題，在原文中想一下子的找出答案是不容易的。必須先總的考慮一下第二段的文字。第二段有三個地方涉及到這個問題：one place where children soak up A characteristics is school……(孩子形成A型性格的一個地方是學(xué)校，學(xué)校就其本質(zhì)而言是高度競爭的場所);in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B type fellows(富有竟?fàn)幮缘腁型人看來就比B型人強(qiáng)。);Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences;(學(xué)生過分熱衷于獲勝可能要產(chǎn)生危險的后果)。這樣，經(jīng)過綜合考慮后，得出competitive與be keen to win.
3.【參考答案】 the disproportionate emphasis on examinations
【答題技巧】 由“肯定”走向“否定”的解決本題的捷徑。
【詳細(xì)解答】 本題問的是作者否定的是學(xué)校里的什么。只要理解了第三段的第一句話，問題就可以解決。By far the worst form of competition in schools is disproportion ate emphasis on examinations.學(xué)校里最最糟糕的競爭方式是不恰當(dāng)?shù)貜?qiáng)調(diào)考試。根據(jù)這句話可知，disproportionate emphasis on examinations 恰恰是作者所否定的東西。
4.【參考答案】 The world needs types
【答題技巧】 根據(jù)“結(jié)果”推向“原因”是解決本題的出路。
【詳細(xì)解答】 本題問為什么學(xué)校的宗旨應(yīng)當(dāng)是培養(yǎng)的孩子的性格。這是個典型的因果關(guān)系的句子。根據(jù)已知的果(第四段未尾)It’s top management,一步一步往前推，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了：The world needs(世界上需要各種類型的人)，與top management實(shí)際存在著一種邏輯上的因果關(guān)系。因此，答案為：The world needs types.
5【參考答案】 sensitive and sympathetic
【答題技巧】 利用已知的信息進(jìn)行推理并利用原文得出結(jié)論。
【詳細(xì)解答】 問題是 ，根據(jù)第5段可知，B型人的性格是什么。第五段中有這樣一個例子，“Perhaps selection for caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in Chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy.”(也許在挑選護(hù)理人員，尤其是醫(yī)務(wù)人員時，不要太看重化學(xué)考分，而應(yīng)多考慮對人的敏感性和同情心。)“sensitivity and sympathy”一詞，應(yīng)引起注意，因?yàn)檫@是與A型性格(前面已知)不同的。那么，繼續(xù)看，It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged�？吹絻�，我們幾乎可以肯定，sensitivity與sympathy是屬于B型的了。但為了與問題相合，應(yīng)該把名詞改為形容詞即可。
2.Deeply Reading
a c b d c
3.Fast Reading
1-5 ACABA 6-7 CA
8 stealing a grade 9 honesty and good faith. 10 the Watergate scandal
III.翻譯
1. (為地震幸存者籌款)
2. (不可能收到我的電子郵件)
3. (一直鼓勵我不要灰心)
4. (僅僅以金錢來定義幸福)
5. (考慮這本小說的受歡迎程度)
6. 她開始時沒認(rèn)出我來。
7. 我的朋友看上去有點(diǎn)愧疚。
8. 這個國家的一部分地方貧困。
9. 盡管她非常累，但是她還是堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)。
10. 孩子們可以免費(fèi)得到教科書。
IV.Conposition Practice.
參考范文：We have spoken, written and discussed quite a lot on the relationship between iron will and success. Many people dream of becoming scientists, millionaires or superstars. However, without iron will, do you think they can succeed in making their dreams come true?
Beyond all doubt, iron will plays a key role in being successful. At the top of the list, there must be difficulties in the way toward success. Apparently, the iron will is a strong weapon for against difficulties. In addition, positive attitude is indispensable to success. It is the iron will that can provoke positive attitude.
To be successful, everyone needs to understand the close relationship between iron will and success. In one word, no an iron will today, no success tomorrow.
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