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2016年商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC高級(jí)閱讀輔導(dǎo)練習(xí)
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)證書(shū)(bec)考試近年來(lái)被各類(lèi)涉外企業(yè)、部門(mén)用來(lái)作為招收職員時(shí)英語(yǔ)能力的證明;同時(shí)也是商務(wù)工作人員或英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者檢驗(yàn)、提高英語(yǔ)水平的方式。下面是yjbys網(wǎng)小編提供給大家關(guān)于商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC高級(jí)閱讀輔導(dǎo)練習(xí)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
Use of Assets 資產(chǎn)的使用
When companies allow others to use their assets, such as trademarks, patents, copyrights, or expertise under contracts, also known as licensing agreements, they receive earnings called royalties.
當(dāng)公司允許他人使用其資產(chǎn)，如商標(biāo)，專(zhuān)利，版權(quán)，或根據(jù)合同的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，也被稱(chēng)為許可協(xié)議，他們收取所謂的特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)收入。
On an international level, for example, Lucasfilm has licensed The Lego Group from Denmark to use its trademarked Phantom Menace figures in Mindstorm construction toys. Royalties also come from franchise contracts.
在國(guó)際層面，例如，盧卡斯電影公司已經(jīng)授權(quán)由丹麥樂(lè)高集團(tuán)使用其注冊(cè)商標(biāo)的玩具
Phantom Menace。特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)來(lái)自特許經(jīng)營(yíng)合同。
Franchising is a mode of business in which one party ( the franchisor ) allows another party ( the franchisee ) the use of a trademark that is an essential asset for the franchisee`s business. The franchisor also assists on a continuing basis in the operation of the business, such as by providing components, mangement services, and technology. 特許經(jīng)營(yíng)是一種商業(yè)模式，在其中一方(特許人)允許另一方(被特許人)商標(biāo)的使用是一項(xiàng)重要資產(chǎn)，是成為加盟商的業(yè)務(wù)。特許人在業(yè)務(wù)繼續(xù)運(yùn)作的基礎(chǔ)上還協(xié)助有關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)操作，如提供組件，管理服務(wù)和技術(shù)。
Dividends and interest paid on foreign investments are also treated as service exports and imports because they represent the use of assets ( capital ). However, countries treat the investments themselves separately in the international economic statistics they report.紅利和外國(guó)投資的利息也被當(dāng)作服務(wù)出口和進(jìn)口因?yàn)樗鼈兇硎褂觅Y產(chǎn)(資金)。然而,國(guó)家的投資分別對(duì)應(yīng)本國(guó)在國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字的報(bào)告。
INVESTMENTS投資
Foreign investment means ownership of foreign property in exchange for financial return, such as interest and dividends. Foreign investment takes two forms: direct and portfolio外國(guó)投資意味著擁有外國(guó)資產(chǎn)的所有權(quán),以換取經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào),如利息和紅利。外商投資以兩種形式:直接投資和有價(jià)證券。
Direct Investment 直接投資
A direct investment is one that gives the investor a controlling interest in a foreign company. Such a direct investment is also a foreign direct investment ( FDI ). Control need not be a 100-percent or even a 50-percent interest.
直接投資是指投資者擁有一家外國(guó)公司的控股權(quán)。這樣的直接投資也是一種外國(guó)直接投資(FDI)�？刂茩�(quán)不一定是百分之百，甚至是百分之五十的股份。
If a company holds a minority stake and the remaining ownership is widely dispersed, no other owner may be able to counter the company effectively. When two or more companies share ownership of an FDI, the operation is a joint venture. When a government joins a company in an FDI, the operation is called a mixed venture, which is a type of joint venture.
如果一個(gè)公司擁有少數(shù)股權(quán),其余的所有權(quán)是分散的,沒(méi)有任何其他的業(yè)主可以對(duì)公司有效控制。則兩家以上的公司的股權(quán)的外國(guó)投資操作合資企業(yè)。當(dāng)政府加入一個(gè)公司能夠掌控外國(guó)直接投資,操作所說(shuō)的混合風(fēng)險(xiǎn),它是一種合資企業(yè)。
Companies may choose FDI as a mode to access certain resources or reach a market.
公司可以選擇外國(guó)直接投資的一種模式用以接收特定資源或獲得市場(chǎng)。
Today, about 60,000 companies worldwide have FDIs that encompass every type of business function – extracting raw materials from the earth, growing crops, manufacturing products or components, selling output, providing various services, and so on.
現(xiàn)今，全世界約60 000家公司擁有對(duì)外直接投資，它們的這些投資包括各種經(jīng)營(yíng)的業(yè)務(wù)，像從陸地采掘原料、種植莊稼、制造產(chǎn)品或零部件、銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品及提供各種服務(wù)等。
FDI is not the domain of large companies only. For example, many small firms maintain sales offices abroad to complement their export efforts, which are FDI along with the real estate they own abroad. However because large companies tend to have larger foreign facilities and operate in more countries, the value of their FDI is higher.
外國(guó)直接投資不是只有大公司。例如，許多小公司保持銷(xiāo)售辦事處，在國(guó)外，以補(bǔ)充其出口的空間，這是伴隨著他們自己的海外房地產(chǎn)的外國(guó)直接投資。但是，由于大公司往往有較大的外國(guó)設(shè)施和經(jīng)營(yíng)在更多的國(guó)家，其外國(guó)直接投資價(jià)值較高。
Porfolio Investment 有價(jià)證券投資
A portfolio investment is a noncontrolling interest in a company or ownership of a loan to another party. Usually a portfolio investment takes one of two forms: stock in a company or loans to a company or country in the form of bonds, or notes that the investor purchases.
一有價(jià)證券投資是一個(gè)公司貸款所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給其他當(dāng)事人控制性權(quán)益。通常有價(jià)證券投資有兩種形式:一個(gè)公司的股票和借款或國(guó)家債券以票據(jù)形式向投資者出售。
Foreign portfolio investments are important for most companies that have extensive international operations. Companies use them primarily for short-term financial gain, that is, as a means for a company to earn more money on its money with relative safety. Company treasurers routinely move funds among countries to get higher yields on shortterm investments.
外國(guó)有價(jià)證券投資對(duì)大多數(shù)公司是重要的,這些公司有一般有廣泛的國(guó)際業(yè)務(wù)。公司主要是利用他們從事短期經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,作為一種手段為公司去賺更多的相對(duì)安全的錢(qián)。公司的財(cái)務(wù)人員經(jīng)常將資金通過(guò)在國(guó)家間短期投資得到更高的收益
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