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2017年下半年BEC高級(jí)考前沖刺套題復(fù)習(xí)
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1998 was undoubtedly the year of the merger. More companies than ever before joined together in deals that toatalled $2.25 trillion and created the world's biggest oil company. Faced with plummeting oil prices,oil giants Exxon and Mobil sought to achieve economies of scale through a $250bn merger
there are several factors behind increase in mergers and acquisitions. Firstly, the accelerated rate of globalisation has left companies desperately seeking overseas acquisitions in order to remain competitive. Deutsche Bank bought its way into the US with its takerover of the Bankers Trust,whilst Siemens hopes that its acquisition of Matra,the French defense group,will allow it to gain access to France's railway business,which is dominated by Alstom,the Anglo-French consortium.
Another factor behind the increase in merger activity is the record performance of the stock markets,which has enabled companies to finance major acquisitions on the strength of their inflated shareprices. Earlier this year Vodafone,the UK mobile telephone operator,acquired its US counterpart AirTorch by by making Airtorch shareholders a cash and stock swap offer worth a total $62bn. The deal created Vodafone AirTorch,the world's largest mobile telecoms group with over 29m customers.the European banking sector is also seeing a trend towards consolidation,a process accelerated by deregulation, over-capacity and the arrival of the single European currency.
New technology is also making it easier for companies to diversify as different industries come to rely on common technologies. Microsoft, for instance, is busily diversified into cable and telecommunications as well as WebTV. The US software giant has a $5bn equity stake in AT&T, which recently bought Media One for $57bn. Under the deal, Microsoft will succeed in introducing its recently-launched cable television software into millions of homes in the US and UK.
Not all mergers,however,are the result of global economy trends,polical chage or technological innovation. BMW's takeover of the Rover Group injected much needed investment into the struggling UK car manufacturer whilst extending BMW's product range. and when the UK pharmaceutical firm Zeneca merged with Swedish drug company Astra,the new companies started with strong R&D capabilities,further by the world's best selling drug Losec in its portfolio of products.
Despite of these potential benefits and their promise of competive advantage,mergers and acquisitions are not risk-free ventures.
Such alliances are more than just financial agreements;they also involve the coming together of different corporate and, in many cases,national cultures. This can have a destabilising effect on a workforce and may mean projected efficiencies are not delivered. Daimler and Chrysler, for example, face the challenge of integrating two very different corporate and national cultures.
A further destabilising effect is the prospect of redundancies as companies look to reduce their payroll by restructuring duplicated functions such as marketing and administration. Although shareholders are lured by such short-term savings,there is little evidence to show that mergers and acquisitions actually add long-term value to company performance.
練習(xí):
1、Exxon and Mobil merged in order to ( )
A、enter new overseas markets.
B、reduce costs and improve margins.
C、create the world's largest company.
D、undercut competitors' prices.
2、Vodafone was able to accquire Air Touch by ( )
A、selling highly-valued shares to customers.
B、obtaining a loan based on its share value.
C、exchanging shares as part of the deal.
D、buying under-valued Air Touch shares.
3、Merged companies can usually increase short-term profits by ( )
A、cutting their combined labour costs.
B、boosting the company's productivity.
C、using a single marketing campaign.
D、selling their shares at a high price.
答案:
1、B
答案信息在第一段最后一句"sought to achieve economies of scale"。規(guī)模效益是指隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大，單位成本下降從而獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
2、C
答案信息位于第三段中“cash and stock swap”。該方法意味著AirTouch公司的股東除了能拿現(xiàn)金之外，還能拿到沃達(dá)豐公司的股票。
3、A
答案信息在最后一段“ reduce their payroll by restructuring duplicated functions such as marketing and administration”在職能重疊的市場(chǎng)和行政部門進(jìn)行裁員
練習(xí):
1、There are rumors of a merger involving several major railroad companies.
2、Emotions can drive market behavior in a few short-lived situations. But fundamentals still rule.
3、After a four-consecutive-week rise, the weekly average oil price of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) dropped to 90.83 U.S. dollars per barrel last week.
答案:
1、有傳言幾家主要鐵道公司將進(jìn)行合并。
2、在短期情況下情緒會(huì)引發(fā)市場(chǎng)行為，但基本面仍然發(fā)揮根本作用。
3、經(jīng)過連續(xù)四周的上漲，石油出口國(guó)組織(歐佩克)上周石油均價(jià)下降至90.83美元每桶。
1、We may disclose all of the information that we collect, which relates to our transactions or experiences with you among our affiliated companies.
2、Of course, IBM will continue to play a significant role in creating innovations for individuals -- and not only through the broad PC alliance we are announcing today.
3、Terrorist attacks on senior officials were threatening to destabilize the government.
翻譯:
1、與我分公司的商務(wù)活動(dòng)所有相關(guān)的交易細(xì)節(jié)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但凡能夠搜集到的信息都會(huì)全部反饋于貴公司。
2、當(dāng)然IBM為個(gè)人用戶進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新，并將繼續(xù)扮演重要的角色，今天宣告的廣泛PC聯(lián)盟不會(huì)是唯一平臺(tái)。
3、對(duì)高級(jí)官員的恐怖襲擊威脅到政府的安全與穩(wěn)定。
中文譯稿:
企業(yè)檔案：兼并的魔力
1998年無疑是個(gè)兼并年。歷史上從來沒有這么多的公司進(jìn)行兼并，交易總值達(dá)到22500億美元，從而產(chǎn)生了全球最大的銀行和石油公司。在石油價(jià)格暴跌的情況下，石油巨擘埃克森和美孚為尋求規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的效應(yīng)而達(dá)成了2500億美元的并購交易。
許多因素決定了并購的增加。首先，全球化速度的加快使很多公司拼命在海外收購公司，以此來保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。德意志銀行通過收購銀行家信托公司引入了美國(guó)市場(chǎng)，而西門子則希望通過收購法國(guó)的軍工企業(yè)馬特拉取得進(jìn)入法國(guó)鐵路行業(yè)的通行證，該行業(yè)一直被英法合資企業(yè)阿爾斯通所掌控。
兼并增加的另外一個(gè)因素是股票市場(chǎng)取得了歷史佳績(jī)，飛漲的股票是許多公司有資金來進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的并購活動(dòng)。今年年初，英國(guó)移動(dòng)電話營(yíng)運(yùn)商沃達(dá)豐向空中通訊的股東提出了總值達(dá)620億美元的現(xiàn)金換股票交易，從而收購了美國(guó)移動(dòng)通訊巨商：空中通訊。這筆交易產(chǎn)生了全球最大，擁有2900萬客戶的移動(dòng)通訊公司：沃達(dá)豐空中通訊集團(tuán)公司。
歐洲銀行業(yè)也呈現(xiàn)合并的趨勢(shì)。隨著管制的解除，生產(chǎn)能力過剩以及單一歐洲貨幣的實(shí)行，這種趨勢(shì)更是加速發(fā)展。
由于不同 開始運(yùn)用相同的技術(shù)，所以新技術(shù)也有助于公司實(shí)現(xiàn)市場(chǎng)多元化。比如，微軟就忙于向電纜通訊、移動(dòng)通訊及網(wǎng)絡(luò)電視行業(yè)拓展。這家網(wǎng)絡(luò)巨擘在美國(guó)電信電話公司擁有50億美元的股權(quán)，而美國(guó)電信電話公司最近又以570億美元的價(jià)格收購了有線網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)公司。在這筆交易中，微軟公司成功地將其新發(fā)布的有線電視軟件推向數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的美國(guó)和英國(guó)家庭。
然而并不是所有的并購都是全球經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)、政治變革或技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的結(jié)果。寶馬收購羅夫汽車集團(tuán)以后給這家奄奄一息的英國(guó)汽車制造公司注入了急需的投資，同時(shí)也拓展了寶馬的生產(chǎn)線。當(dāng)英國(guó)的英捷利康醫(yī)藥公司和瑞典的阿斯特拉醫(yī)藥公司合并后，新的公司由于強(qiáng)大的聯(lián)合研發(fā)能力而起死回生，不僅如此，新公司由于其各類產(chǎn)品中擁有全世界最暢銷的羅塞克爾進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)實(shí)力。
盡管并購有著如此之多的潛在利益以及未來優(yōu)勢(shì)，但并不是毫無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可言。
這種聯(lián)合并不只是經(jīng)濟(jì)合同，他們也需要把不同的公司文化和國(guó)家文化融合在一起。這可能會(huì)造成雇員隊(duì)伍人心渙散，也可能預(yù)示著預(yù)定的效益無法達(dá)到。例如：戴姆斯-克萊斯勒就要面對(duì)如何將兩種不同的公司文化和民族文化融合在一起的挑戰(zhàn)。
當(dāng)公司希望通過重組市場(chǎng)部和行政部這樣的重復(fù)部門來減少薪酬開支時(shí)，進(jìn)一步實(shí)行的裁員會(huì)進(jìn)步造成人心惶惶的局面。雖然股東都經(jīng)不起這種短期節(jié)省開支的誘惑，但是沒有證據(jù)表明并購實(shí)際上能提升公司長(zhǎng)期的業(yè)績(jī)。
寫作
1. Write a claim letter in English to an exporter based in an English-speaking country, in which you are to claim for late delivery and damages over a particular shipment that you believe to be faulty. Make your claim as specific as possible, with concrete details, either imagined or experienced. Focus on a single product, and limit your letter to around 150 words. The following Chinese OUTLINE is for your reference: (25 marks)
我方已收到貴方按照我們所定的合同發(fā)送的貨物。由于下列原因，我方要求貴方賠償我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失 。
1.該貨物沒有在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)送…
2. 只發(fā)送了部分貨物…
3. 該貨物含有下列缺陷…
4. 其他原因…
我方要求貴方賠償我們…..
ABC Company Ltd
#10 Ninth Street, San Diego
CA 93578 USA
November 21, 2010
DEF Company
908 Air China Plaza, No. 36 Xiaoyun Lu
Chaoyang District
Beijing 100015, China
Dear Mike,
We have received the TVs you delivered to us according to contract No. 12345 yesterday. However, we very much regret to inform you that we can not accept this shipment for following reasons.
The goods should arrive at Tianjin Port before Oct. 31st, 2010. But we received the goods yesterday (Nov. 20, 2010). Maybe there is some unexpected delay by the bad weather. The B/L the shipment date on the B/L is Nov. 5, that means you shipped out the goods even later than the stipulated arrival time. We asked for the B/L for several times since the middle of October, always got the same reply that the B/L would be given soonest.
Moreover, as we have ready signed the contracts with the supermarkets in Beijing, the delay in delivery has put us into great inconvenience and caused much trouble.
Besides, we found you only sent 500 TV sets this time. However, we ordered 1000 sets.
Additionally, 10 of them have no sound, which can’t be sold at the market and need the replacement urgently.
I would appreciate it very much if you could give us a commercial discount of 10% as the compensation and send us another 510 computers for 10 broken ones and 500 new ones that you did not send to us by the end of this month.
Looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
Sincerely yours,
Helen
3. Write a reply refusing a request by using the following information: (25 marks)
You are an assistant manager of the sales department for Beijing Dadi Grinding Machines Export Inc. You have received a letter requesting illustrated catalogs of grinders used in coffee mills. The reader is a regular customer. The specifications he needs are Patterns 3012A, 3014B, and 3026D. You have to refuse this request because your business has discontinued all these three patterns. However, you enclose catalogs concerning the new patterns of grinders recently developed in your business. Address the letter to:
Mr. George J. Russel
Manager of Planning
Perfect Coffee Manufacturing
210 Jefferson Street
Richmond, Virginia 23234
U. S. A
DEF Company
908 Air China Plaza, No. 36 Xiaoyun Lu
Chaoyang District
Beijing 100015
China
Nov 25, 2010
Mr. George J. Russel
Manager of Planning
Perfect Coffee Manufacturing
210 Jefferson Street
Richmond, Virginia 23234
U. S. A.
Dear Mr. Russel，
We are very pleased to receive your yesterday’s letter, in which you request illustrated catalogs of grinders used in coffee mills.
We very much regret to inform you that the patterns you need ( 3012A, 3014B, and 3026D) have gone out of production for a long time.
The good news is that we have just developed the new patterns which have been proved more popular than the old ones. The new patterns not only are easier to use but have more functions as well.
The attached files are the new catalogs for you to offer you better service. Please kindly review and let us have the patterns numbers you are interested at your earliest convenience.
If you have any questions about the new patterns, please feel free to ask us for further introduction.
Your prompt reply and confirmation will be highly appreciated.
Sincerely yours
Helen Cao
4. Put the following letter into English. (25 marks)
祝賀你又一次購買我們的金石牌家具!我們深信不斷擴(kuò)大的銷售渠道將會(huì)給你們公司帶來更大的利潤(rùn)。
按你方要求，貨物將在七月八日用貨車運(yùn)至大連，裝七月十日啟航新加坡城的“永新”輪，預(yù)計(jì)八月中旬你就可接到你所訂的五十套金石牌東方古典式餐廳家具，每套含：圓形餐桌一張，配套椅子八把，以及帶鏡子的長(zhǎng)條餐柜一個(gè)。
近四十年來，我們公司生產(chǎn)的金石牌家具以其高質(zhì)量、傳統(tǒng)工藝和引人注目的設(shè)計(jì)受到許多國(guó)家顧客的青睞。
另外，在激烈的家具市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，尤受顧客歡迎的是金石牌家具的三年保修以及這期間的每年免費(fèi)翻新服務(wù)。我們樂意提供這種服務(wù)，因?yàn)槲覀兒湍阋粯�，希望你買的家具終生保新，讓你和你的朋友永遠(yuǎn)欣賞它的美。
隨函附上一本小冊(cè)子，它詳細(xì)地介紹了一些用于制造你所訂的家具的新技術(shù)，其中還提到一些保護(hù)家具的注意事項(xiàng)，相信你會(huì)有興趣。
We congratulate you on your purchasing our Golden Stone furniture once again! We are deeply convinced that the ever-expanding sales channels will bring you much more profit.
As requested, the cargo will be will be shipped by truck to Dalian on July 8th and then loaded on vessel “Yongxin” to Singapore on Jul. 10th. It’s estimated that you can receive the 50 sets of Golden Stone oriental-classical dining hall furniture you ordered around mid-August and each including: a round table with eight matching chairs as well as a strip sideboard with mirror.
In the recent four decades, our company’s Golden Stone furniture has been favored by customers for its high-quality traditional craft and eye-catching design in a lot of countries.
Moreover, in the fierce competition furniture market, Golden Stone furniture’s three-year warranties as well as the free of charge renovation services during the period are especially welcomed by the customers. We are pleased to offer this service, as we share the same concept and hope that the furniture can remain new for a lifelong time so you and your friends will appreciate its beauty for ever.
We attached the brochure which provides the details of the new technologies of your ordered furniture manufacturing as well as some notes of how to protect the furniture. We believe you will be interested in it.
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