英語(yǔ)聽力材料《醫(yī)保的發(fā)展面臨危機(jī)》

　　醫(yī)保涉及人們的切身利益，也是政府保障民生的一項(xiàng)重要工作。你認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在社保的發(fā)展怎么樣?下面，我們來看一篇英語(yǔ)聽力材料。

　　Cripping health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily.

　　日益上漲的醫(yī)保費(fèi)用，急診室內(nèi)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的等待，初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生的短缺，這些都只是患者日常面臨的一小部分問題。

　　Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.

　　初級(jí)保健應(yīng)該是整個(gè)醫(yī)保制度的支柱。在談到健康狀況和醫(yī)療費(fèi)用時(shí)，初級(jí)保健資源完善的國(guó)家情況令人滿意。美國(guó)卻反其道而行，重視專門醫(yī)生而非初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生。

　　A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries(老年醫(yī)保受惠人). The startling finding was that the average Medicate patient saw a total of seven doctors - two primary care physicians and five specialists - in a given year.

　　最近，一項(xiàng)研究對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)老年醫(yī)保受惠人的醫(yī)生進(jìn)行了調(diào)查分析。令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，每個(gè)受惠人每年平均看的醫(yī)生多達(dá)七位——兩個(gè)初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生和五個(gè)�？漆t(yī)生。

　　Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you doesn't guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.

　　與人們普遍的想法相反，照顧你的醫(yī)生越多并不能證明醫(yī)療保健的效果越好。事實(shí)上，醫(yī)保越分散，醫(yī)療費(fèi)用會(huì)越高，醫(yī)療錯(cuò)誤也越多。

　　How did we let primary care slip so far? The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he's reimbursed(返還費(fèi)用). Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures.

　　為什么我們?nèi)绱瞬恢匾暢跫?jí)保健呢?問題的關(guān)鍵在于醫(yī)生的收費(fèi)制度。大多數(shù)醫(yī)生，無論何時(shí)，只要他們給人看病就可以收取費(fèi)用。醫(yī)生出診的次數(shù)越多，無論醫(yī)療效果如何，他們獲得的費(fèi)用也會(huì)越多。另外，醫(yī)生在收費(fèi)時(shí)，在很大程度上是按看診過程或手術(shù)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行的。

　　A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient's disease. Combine this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.

　　一個(gè)專業(yè)醫(yī)生看診30分鐘收取的費(fèi)用是一個(gè)初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生同樣時(shí)間問診費(fèi)用的3倍�？紤]到以上原因，再加之政府每年隨意削減醫(yī)生診費(fèi)，醫(yī)生們別無他法，只能靠增加問診次數(shù)來提高收入。

　　Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.

　　不愿只求數(shù)量而忽視醫(yī)療效果的初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生或者關(guān)門歇業(yè)，或者棄醫(yī)從商，使初級(jí)保健的狀況進(jìn)一步惡化。

　　Medical students aren't blind to this scenario. They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U.S. medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.

　　醫(yī)科專業(yè)的學(xué)生并非沒有意識(shí)到這一情況，他們認(rèn)識(shí)到費(fèi)用返還制度對(duì)初級(jí)醫(yī)保極其不利。最近的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，自1997年以來，美國(guó)醫(yī)科畢業(yè)生選擇初級(jí)保健作為職業(yè)的人數(shù)已下降50%。這一趨勢(shì)導(dǎo)致急診室內(nèi)人滿為患，醫(yī)生短缺。

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