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職稱英語考試《綜合A》完形填空歷年真題精選
在職稱英語考試題型所有題型中，完形填空通常會被認(rèn)為是最難的一部分，因?yàn)槠渥⒅乜疾榭忌挠⒄Z綜合能力，考查的知識點(diǎn)多且雜，常常讓考生覺得不知該從何處下手進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)和準(zhǔn)備。以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關(guān)于職稱英語考試《綜合A》完形填空歷年真題精選，供大家備考。
職稱英語考試《綜合A》完形填空歷年真題 1
Robotic Highway Cones
A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels. These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into__________(51), from computer commands made miles away. They can even be programmed to move on their own at any particular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska.
For example, if workers arrived at 6 am, the cones could move from the side of the highway to__________(52) off the lane at that time. And they can return to the __________ (53) place at the end of the day. "It just seems like a very good application for robots." Farritor said. " The robotic cones would also help__________ (54) people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place," Farritor said in a report on his creation.
Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant. The__________(55)allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard.
The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are __________ (56) enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides. "It would look exactly the same, "Farritor said. " __________ (57) theres a kind of rubbery, black base to them. We replace that__________ (58) a robot."
Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most __________ (59) to what they might need.
The robots could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt,__________(60) now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation__________(61). " That way you dont have to block offa 10-mile stripfor the operation," Farritor said.
__________(62) prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has__________ (63) for a patent and is considering what to do next. He is thinking about starting a small business. He is also thinking about(64) the robots to roads departments and others across the country who may(65) from them.
51. A. work
B. place
C. order
D. action
52. A. block
B. cut
C. set
D. turn
53. A. clean
B. important
C. entire
D. original
54. A. employ
B. observe
C. remove
D. instruct
55. A. idea
B. report
C. demand
D. fund
56. A. helpful
B. beautiful
C. small
D. huge
57. A. Kindly
B. Normally
C. Greatly
D. Strangely
58. A. at
B. on
C. in
D. with
59. A. related
B. Typical
C. useful
D. visible
60. A. why
B. Where
C. when
D. what
61. A. proceeds
B. Functions
C. finishes
D. improves
62. A. If
B. While
C. Since
D. Because
63. A. applied
B. asked
C. called
D. argued
64. A. saving
B. marketing
C. moving
D. devising
65. A. benefit
B. protect
C. learn
D. inspire
答案與解析：
51.B。本題考查句意和名詞。題干：幾英里以外的電腦可以發(fā)出指令將這些機(jī)器人錐形路標(biāo)和路障移開或者移入某__________。四個選項(xiàng)分別代入后，move into place(移入某個地方)比較符合原文的語境，故B為正確答案。
52.A。本題考查動詞詞組。題干：例如，如果工人們上午6點(diǎn)要在高速公路上施工，錐形路障就可以在這個時候從高速公路邊上移動到施工的行車道上設(shè)置——。block off意為“阻止，阻礙，封鎖”，cut off意為“切斷”，set ofr意為“出發(fā)，動手做某事”，tum off意為“關(guān)掉”，四個選項(xiàng)中只有block off比較符合語境，故A為正確答案。
53.D。本題考查形容詞。題干：……并且它們還能在一天工作結(jié)束后回到__________地方。根據(jù)上下文，如果工人們上午6點(diǎn)要在高速公路上施工，錐形路障就可以在這個時候從高速公路邊上移動到施工的行車道上設(shè)置，在一天工作結(jié)束的時候，又將路障等復(fù)原，回到一開始的地方。故D為正確答案。
54.C。本題考查固定搭配。題干：機(jī)器人還可以使人們從在高速公路上放置路標(biāo)和路障的危險工作中__________出來。四個選項(xiàng)中只有remove搭配from，即remove A from B(把A從B中移走)。故C是正確答案。
55.D。本題考查名詞。題干：這項(xiàng)__________使得福瑞德可以和內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的研究生以及助理史蒂文戈達(dá)德共同開發(fā)這個項(xiàng)目。從空格處之前句子中的9rant(撥款;補(bǔ)助)可知National Academy ofSciences grant是一家資助機(jī)構(gòu)，故D是正確答案。
56.C。本題考查固定搭配。題干：機(jī)器人被安裝在錐形路標(biāo)和路障的底部，它們非常__________以致不足以改變這些路標(biāo)、路障的原貌。四個選項(xiàng)分別代入，通過“not to greatly change the appearance”可知是因?yàn)闄C(jī)器人太小的緣故。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。
57.B。本題考查副詞。題干：__________普通的路標(biāo)、路障帶有一個黑色的'橡膠底座。四個選項(xiàng)分別代入，發(fā)現(xiàn)只有normally比較符合語境。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。
58.D。本題考查固定搭配。題干：普通的路標(biāo)、路障帶有一個黑色的橡膠底座�，F(xiàn)在的底座被——機(jī)器人。replace A with B意為“用B替換A”。根據(jù)上下文語義，后文講到學(xué)生可以用圖書館、雜志等各種資料，由此推理可知老師肯定希望學(xué)生能夠在盡可能少的指導(dǎo)下完成研究。故B為正確答案。
59.c。本題考查形容詞。題干：福瑞德和內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)公路系的職員曾經(jīng)探討怎樣才能使機(jī)器人最__________他們的需要。四個選項(xiàng)分別代入，探討的目的應(yīng)該是找到最佳方式，因而useful比較符合語境，故C為正確選項(xiàng)。
60.B。本題考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。題干：機(jī)器人可以用于緩慢移動的維護(hù)性的操作，例如，在公路上粉刷白色的標(biāo)線或者移動瀝青，__________操作中需要隨時擺放和移動路標(biāo)、路障，隨著操作的__________。四個選項(xiàng)分別代入后，只有B選項(xiàng)符合語境，即“在公路粉刷白色的標(biāo)線或者移動瀝青，操作中在這些地方需要隨時擺放和移動路標(biāo)、路障”，所以B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。
61.A。本題考查形動詞。題干：在公路上粉刷白色的標(biāo)線或者移動瀝青，操作中在這些地方需要隨時擺放和移動路標(biāo)、路障，隨著操作的__________。四個選項(xiàng)分別代入可知，隨著操作的繼續(xù)，要不停地擺放和移動路標(biāo)和路障，以示警告，故A為正確選項(xiàng)。
62.B。本題考查狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞。題干：__________發(fā)明的樣機(jī)已經(jīng)做成了，但還沒有投入使用。前后的分句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故B為正確選項(xiàng)。
63.A。本題考查固定搭配。題干：福瑞德說他已經(jīng)__________了專利并且正在考慮下一步的打算。apply for意為“申請”，ask for“請求，要求”，call for意為“要求，需要”，分別代入后，apply forpatent(申請專利)符合語境，故A為正確選項(xiàng)。
64.B。本題考查動詞。題干：他打算向全國的公路部門和其他部門機(jī)器人，這些部門可能會從中__________。四個選項(xiàng)分別代入，marketing the robots(推銷機(jī)器人)比較符合原文的語境，故B為正確答案。
65.A。本題考查動詞。題干：他打算向全國的公路部門和其他部門__________機(jī)器人，這些部門可能會從中__________。benefit from意為“從……上受益”，protect from意為“使不受……的傷害”，learn from意為“向……學(xué)習(xí)”，分別代入原句，benefit from比較符合語境。故本題選A。
職稱英語考試《綜合A》完形填空歷年真題 2
A Biological Clock
Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock tells 1 when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells 2 when to leave the protective cocoons and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake.
Events outside the plant and animal 3 the actions of some biological clocks. Scientists recently found, for example, that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur 4 the number of hours of daylight. In the short 5 of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in color in the longer hours of daylight in summer.
Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration 6 twice each year. Birds 7 flying become restless when it is time for the trip, 8 they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended.
Scientists say they are beginning to learn which 9 of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain 10 to control the timing of some of our actions. These 11 tell a person when to 12, when to sleep and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other cells in the body that control other body activities.
Dr. Moorhead is studying 13 our biological clocks affect the way we do our work. For example, most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to different work hours. 14 can take many days for a human body to accept the major change in work hours. Dr. Moorhead said industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said 15 understanding could cut sickness and accidents at work and would help increase a factorys production.
1. A. scientists B. humans C. plants D. animals
2. A. insects B. birds C. fish D. snakes
3. A. effect B. affect C. effected D. affects
4. A. because of B. instead of C. in favor of D. in case of
5. A. months B. days C. minutes D. weeks
6. A. flight B. fly C. flew D. flights
7. A. prevented from B. ordered by C. helped by D. intruded on
8. A. and B. but C. therefore D. however
9. A. portions B. parts C. sections D. kinds
10. A. try B. tries C. seem D. seems
11. A. things B. parts C. cells D. actions
12. A. awaken B. wake C. asleep D. sleep
13. A. how B. why C. where D. what
14. A. We B. It C. They D. You
15. A. so B. with C. such D. if
二、答案
1. C
解析：前文提到“Every living thing has...a biological clock”，后文中又提到“when to form flowers and when the flowers should open”，可知這里說的是植物的生物鐘，所以選C。
2. A
解析：從后文“l(fā)eave the protective cocoons and fly away”可推測出說的是昆蟲，昆蟲會從繭中出來然后飛走，所以選A。
3. B
解析：“effect”作名詞是“影響”，作動詞是“實(shí)現(xiàn)”；“affect”是動詞“影響”。這里需要動詞，主語是“Events outside the plant and animal”，是復(fù)數(shù)，所以用affect，選B。
4. A
解析：“a tiny animal changes the color of its fur”的原因是“the number of hours of daylight”，所以用“because of”（因?yàn)椋�，選A。
5. A
解析：冬天是一個較長的時間段，用“months”（月）比較合適，說在冬天的幾個月里，它的皮毛會變白，選A。
6. D
解析：“migration flights”表示“遷徙飛行”，這里需要用名詞形式，選D。
7. A
解析：“prevented from flying”表示“被阻止飛行”，當(dāng)?shù)搅嗽擄w行的時候，被阻止飛行的鳥會變得不安，符合語境，選A。
8. B
解析：前面說鳥變得不安，后面說飛行時間結(jié)束又變得平靜，是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用“but”，選B。
9. B
解析：“parts of the brain”表示“大腦的部分”，“portions”側(cè)重于“部分、份額”；“sections”側(cè)重于“部分、章節(jié)”；“kinds”側(cè)重于“種類”，這里說大腦的部分包含生物鐘，用“parts”更合適，選B。
10. D
解析：“a small group of cells”是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用“seems”，表示“似乎”，選D。
11. C
解析：前文提到“a small group of cells”，這里說這些細(xì)胞告訴一個人什么時候做什么，所以選C。
12. B
解析：“wake”是動詞“醒來”，“awaken”也有“醒來”的.意思，但更正式；“asleep”是形容詞“睡著的”；“sleep”是動詞“睡覺”。這里說細(xì)胞告訴人什么時候醒來，什么時候睡覺，什么時候?qū)ふ沂澄�，用“wake”，選B。
13. A
解析：這里說研究生物鐘如何影響我們工作的方式，用“how”（如何），選A。
14. B
解析：“It takes +時間+for sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事花費(fèi)某人/某物多長時間”，這里用“It”作形式主語，選B。
15. C
解析：“such understanding”表示“這樣的理解”，“such”修飾名詞“understanding”，選C。
職稱英語考試《綜合A》完形填空歷年真題 3
"Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here," wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.
Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.
From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus - On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolò Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, he championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.
Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artists personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samuel Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explorers. "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, of patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formation of truly noble and manly character, exhibit," wrote Smiles. "what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself." His biographies of James Watt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.
This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.
Not everyone was convinced by such bombast. "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles," wrote Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in The Communist Manifesto. For them, history did not end with great men.
________, the writing of history has always been a risky business. Those who praise heroes may be making a rod for their own backs. Winston Churchill was well aware of this. "History will be kind to me for I intend to write it," he joked. But when we look back at great men, we should also see their flaws. The biographies of great men are littered with human weaknesses - Napoleon was a bully and a coward to boot; Byron was promiscuous and drunken. And even the greatest leaders of all time have made mistakes. Gandhi, for example, was known for his _______ beliefs, but he also had an authoritarian streak.
As we come to understand the great men and women of history better, perhaps we should adjust our view of what true leadership is. We need to _______ the fact that they were human, too. And we should look for inspiration not only in their great deeds but also in their ability to admit their mistakes and learn from them. After all, even the greatest of leaders are not immune to human frailty.
參考答案及解析
答案
1. However
2. strong
3. recognize
解析
1. However：前文提到馬克思和恩格斯認(rèn)為歷史不是由偉人終結(jié)的，后文說寫歷史一直是有風(fēng)險的事，這里是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用“However”表示“然而”。
2. strong：甘地以其堅定的信仰而聞名，“strong beliefs”表示“強(qiáng)烈的、堅定的信仰”。
3. recognize：我們需要認(rèn)識到偉人也是人這個事實(shí)，“recognize”表示“認(rèn)識到，承認(rèn)”。
這篇完形填空主要講述了不同時期對歷史和偉人的書寫及看法的`變化，強(qiáng)調(diào)了要全面看待偉人，既要看到他們的成就，也要認(rèn)識到他們的人性弱點(diǎn)和錯誤，從而調(diào)整對真正領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的看法。在做這類題時，要注意上下文的邏輯關(guān)系以及對詞匯的準(zhǔn)確理解和運(yùn)用。你可以根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和研究，如果你還有其他問題或需要進(jìn)一步的幫助，請隨時告訴我。你也可以提供更多關(guān)于這篇完形填空的背景信息或具體要求，以便我為你提供更有針對性的內(nèi)容。
職稱英語考試《綜合A》完形填空歷年真題 4
The Value of Tears
Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy. However, crying is a fact of life, and tears are very useful. Even when youre not crying, they make a film over the eyes surface. __1__ this film is constantly being replaced by a new layer, it serves as a kind of lubricant (潤滑劑) and protects the eye from drying out.
When you cry, tears wash away dirt and germs that have accumulated on the eyes surface. __2__, tears contain a substance that kills certain bacteria. This antibacterial substance is one of the bodys natural defenses against infection. Another important function of tears is that they provide emotional release. __3__ you feel like crying, dont fight it. Its a natural and healthy emotional response.
Some people try to hold back their tears because they believe crying shows weakness. But in fact, crying can make you feel better. When emotions are pent up (壓抑), they can have a negative impact on your physical and mental health. By allowing yourself to cry, you can release these emotions and relieve stress. Tears also signal to others that you need support and understanding. Your friends and family can offer comfort and help when they see you crying.
In addition, crying can have a social function. It can help to strengthen relationships. When you cry with someone, it can create a sense of connection and empathy. This shared emotional experience can bring people closer together and enhance communication. For example, if you and a friend are going through a difficult time and you both cry together, it can deepen your bond and make you feel more supported.
Moreover, tears can be a form of self-expression. They can convey your feelings and emotions more powerfully than words sometimes. A single tear can speak volumes about your pain, joy, or relief. It can be a very __4__ and moving form of communication.
So, next time you feel the urge to cry, dont hold back. Let the tears flow and experience the many benefits they bring. Remember, tears are not a sign of weakness, but a natural and valuable part of being human. They play an important role in maintaining the health of our eyes, expressing our emotions, and building connections with others.
1. A. Because
B. Although
C. Since
D. Unless
2. A. In addition
B. However
C. Therefore
D. Otherwise
3. A. If
B. Unless
C. Once
D. Before
4. A. simple
B. effective
C. direct
D. complicated
答案及解析
1. 答案：B
解析：此句意為“盡管這層膜不斷被新的一層所取代，但它起到了一種潤滑劑的`作用并保護(hù)眼睛不干燥”�！癆lthough”表示“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，符合語境�！癇ecause”表示原因；“Since”表示因?yàn)榛蜃詮�；“Unless”表示除非，均不符合此處邏輯關(guān)系。
2. 答案：A
解析：前句提到眼淚能洗凈眼睛表面的污垢和細(xì)菌，此句說眼淚中含有能殺死某些細(xì)菌的物質(zhì)，是對眼淚作用的進(jìn)一步說明，“In addition”表示“此外，另外”，用于補(bǔ)充說明，符合語境�！癏owever”表示轉(zhuǎn)折；“Therefore”表示因此；“Otherwise”表示否則，均不合適。
3. 答案：A
解析：句意為“如果你想哭，不要強(qiáng)忍”，“If”表示“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，符合邏輯�！癠nless”表示除非；“Once”表示一旦；“Before”表示在……之前，都不符合此處語境。
4. 答案：B
解析：根據(jù)前文“tears can convey your feelings and emotions more powerfully than words sometimes”可知眼淚有時比言語更能有力地傳達(dá)情感，所以這里說它是一種“有效的”交流形式，“effective”符合文意�！皊imple”簡單的；“direct”直接的；“complicated”復(fù)雜的，都不如“effective”貼切。
職稱英語考試《綜合A》完形填空歷年真題 5
The Value of Time
To understand the value of one year, ask a student who has failed a final exam.
To understand the value of one month, ask a mother who has given birth to a premature baby.
To understand the value of one week, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper.
To understand the value of one hour, ask the lovers who are waiting to meet.
To understand the value of one minute, ask a person who has missed the train, bus or plane.
To understand the value of one second, ask a person who has just avoided an accident.
To understand the value of one millisecond, ask the athlete who has won a silver medal in the Olympics.
Time is __1__ We often take it for granted until its gone. We should cherish every moment of our lives and make good use of time. We cant turn back the clock and redo things, so we need to be __2__and make the right decisions at the right time.
In our fast-paced world, people are always busy with work, study and other activities. We sometimes forget how precious time is. We waste time on unimportant things and regret it later. For example, we may spend hours on social media or watching TV shows when we could be using that time to learn a new skill, read a good book or spend time with our loved ones.
We need to set__3__and prioritize our tasks. We should focus on whats important and not get distracted by trivial matters. By doing so, we can make the most of our time and achieve our goals more efficiently.
Moreover, we should also learn to relax and enjoy the present moment. While its important to plan for the future and work hard, we shouldnt neglect the joy and beauty of the here and now. We can take a break from our busy schedules to go for a walk in the park, watch the sunset or have a cup of coffee with a friend. These simple pleasures can help us recharge and appreciate the value of time even more.
In conclusion, time is invaluable. It __4__ our lives and determines our success and happiness. Lets respect time, manage it wisely and make every second count.
1. A. precious
B. cheap
C. worthless
D. endless
2. A. careless
B. careful
C. hopeful
D. hopeless
3. A. rules
B. examples
C. goals
D. records
4. A. destroys
B. creates
C. wastes
D. saves
二、答案
1. A. precious（時間是寶貴的。根據(jù)后文“我們應(yīng)該珍惜生命中的每一刻”等表述可推斷出時間是珍貴的。）
2. B. careful（我們需要小心謹(jǐn)慎，在正確的時間做出正確的.決定。因?yàn)闀r間一去不復(fù)返，所以要謹(jǐn)慎對待。）
3. C. goals（我們需要設(shè)定目標(biāo)并對任務(wù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)先排序。后文提到要專注于重要的事情，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，所以這里是設(shè)定目標(biāo)。）
4. B. creates（時間塑造我們的生活，決定我們的成功和幸福。時間對生活有積極的塑造作用，而不是破壞、浪費(fèi)或拯救。）
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