2017年職稱英語(yǔ)模擬試題及答案理工類C級(jí)強(qiáng)化

　　2017職稱英語(yǔ)考試備考開始拉開序幕，為了幫助大家更好地備考，以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關(guān)于職稱英語(yǔ)模擬試題及答案理工類C級(jí)強(qiáng)化，供大家備考。

　　The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World

　　1 Scientists recently made public the tiniest electric motor ever1 built. You could stuff hundreds of them into the period at the end of this sentence. One day a similar engine might power a tiny mechanical doctor that would travel through your body to remove your disease.

　　2 The motor works by shuffling atoms between two molten metal droplets in a carbon nanotube. One droplet is even smaller than the other. When a small electric current is applied to the droplets, atoms slowly get out of the larger droplet and join the smaller one. The small droplet grows — but never gets as big as the other droplet — and eventually bumps into the large droplet. As they touch, the large droplet rapidly sops up the atoms it had previously lost. This quick shift in energy produces a power stroke2.

　　3 The technique exploits the fact that surface tension — the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating — becomes more important at small scales3. Surface tension is the same thing that allows some insects to walk on water.

　　4 Although the amount of energy produced is small — 20 microwatt s — it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor4. The whole setup5 is less than 200 nanometers on a side, or hundreds of times smaller than the width of a human hair. If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine6, it would be too million times more powerful than a Toyota Camry’s 225 horsepower V6 engine.

　　5 In 1988, Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating micromotor, which was 100 microns across7, or about the thickness of a human hair. In 2003, Zettl’s group created the first nanoscale motor. In 2006, they built a nanoconveyor, which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factory.

　　6 Nanotechnology engineers try to mimic nature, building things atom-by-atom. Among other things, nanomotors could be used in optical circuits to redirect light, a process called optical switching. Futurists envision a day when nanomachines, powered by nanomotors, travel inside your body to find disease and repair damaged cells.

　　詞匯: shuffle /5FQfl/v.來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng) nanometer /5neinE7mi:tE/n.納米，毫微米 molten /5mEultEn/adj.熔化的 micromotor n.微電機(jī) droplet /5drCplit/n.小滴 nanotube n.納米管 roycvnoconan n.納米傳送帶 nanotechnology n.納米技術(shù) bump /bQmp/v.碰撞 mimic / 5mimik/n.模仿 sop /sCp/v.吸入 stroke /strEuk/n.行程，沖積 microwatt /5maikrEuwCt/n.微瓦 nanomotor n.納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)nanomachine n.納米機(jī)器 注釋:

　　1. ever:比以往任何時(shí)候，曾經(jīng)。如 : This is the best book I have ever read.這是我讀過的書中昀好的一本。

　　2. power stroke：動(dòng)力行程

　　3. at small scales：在小等級(jí)上。這里指的是“在納米等級(jí)上”。

　　4. it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor：與電動(dòng)機(jī)的小等級(jí)相比，功率是相當(dāng)可觀了。 in relation to是“與……相比”。如 : The city is quite large in relation to its population. 就人口而言，這個(gè)城市相當(dāng)?shù)拇蟆?/p>

　　5. setup：裝置。這里指， nanomotor

　　6. If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine：如果納米電動(dòng)機(jī)能按比例放大到汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的尺寸。 Scale … up to是“把……按比例放大到……”。

　　7. across：從一端到另一端練習(xí):

　　1. Paragraph 2 A An Introduction of a Toyota’s 225 Horsepower V6 Engine

　　2. Paragraph 4 B C A Description of the Nanomotor in Terms of Power and Size Surface Tension

　　3. Paragraph 5 D Previous Inventions of Nanoscale Products

　　4. Paragraph 6 E F The Working Principle of the Nanomotor Possible Fields of Application in the Future

　　5. Doctors envision that the nanomotor would travel through human bodies to .

　　6. Surface tension means the tendency of atoms or molecules to .

　　7. Nanoconveyors could be used to .

　　8. Applying a small electric current causes atoms to .

　　A remove disease

　　B resist separating

　　C shuffle between two molten metal droplets

　　D power nanornachines

　　E sop up molecules from the large droplet

　　F transport nanoscale objects

　　答案與題解：

　　1. E第二段介紹了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理。兩小滴金屬熔液通上微弱電流，大的小滴的原子就會(huì)緩慢逸出，加入小的小滴，后者體積不斷地大，到一定階段，就會(huì)與前者碰撞，這時(shí)，大的小滴便奪回它失去的原子，這就是一次 power stroke (動(dòng)力行程，動(dòng)力沖程 )，此時(shí)就會(huì)產(chǎn)生發(fā)動(dòng)饑的動(dòng)力。原子如此來(lái)來(lái)去去運(yùn)動(dòng)，就像發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)活塞一樣。這就是納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理。所以， E是答案。

　　2. B 第四段描述了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的功率 ( 20微瓦)和體積 ( 200納米)。選項(xiàng) B用“A description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size”概括本段大意，很準(zhǔn)確，所以， B是答案。

　　3. D 第五段介紹了發(fā)明納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)之前的一些納米等級(jí)的機(jī)械產(chǎn)品，如體積大一些的納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，微型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，納米傳送帶，納米機(jī)器等。選項(xiàng) D概括了本段的大意，所以是答案。

　　4. F 第六段預(yù)想了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的用途，如用于光電路以改變光的方向 (redirect light)和驅(qū)動(dòng)納米機(jī)器進(jìn)入人體，消滅病灶。選項(xiàng) F是答案，因?yàn)?ldquo; Possible fields of application in the future”概括了本段的大意。

　　5.A 答案是 A。題干出現(xiàn) doctors envision，選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與醫(yī)學(xué)有關(guān)，選項(xiàng) A是 remove disease，正好與題干的內(nèi)容相配，是答案。短文第一段和昀后一段也提到納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)入人體消滅病灶的可能性，證明了選 A是正確的。

　　6. B 選 B的依據(jù)是第三段第一句“ surface tension — the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating — becomes more important at small scales”。

　　7. F 題干的 nanoconveyor提示我們，納米傳送帶的功能自然是傳送納米等級(jí)的物體，所以， F是答案。

　　8. C 題干的 Applying a small electric current …在第二段能找到，該段講的是納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理。如果了解原子在兩小滴金屬熔液中來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng)，產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力，就會(huì)知道 C是答案。

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