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2017年職稱英語綜合類B級(jí)詞匯講解
詞匯的積累是職稱英語考試中最基礎(chǔ)也是最重要的一部分，為了幫助考生們更加有效的備考，以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關(guān)于職稱英語綜合類B級(jí)詞匯講解，供大家備考。
篇一：
1.At midnight(午夜、半夜12點(diǎn)), we were aroused (吵醒)by a knock(敲) at the door. (answer: B)
A. irritated：vt(使人惱怒、急噪)I am irradiated by the delay of the flight(航班的延誤).
B. awakened: vt (弄醒，喚醒)my mother awakens me every morning.
C. arisen(***): vi(是arise的過去分詞，出現(xiàn)、呈現(xiàn)、引起、發(fā)生,一般和介詞from搭配。)
A new problem(問題) has arisen.
arise = appear = come up = originate = cause
D. annoyed：vt(是annoy的過去分詞， 使某人不悅、惹惱某人，打攪)
His constant(不斷的。不停的) cries(哭鬧) annoy me.
分析：arouse是一個(gè)多義詞，一般作為及物動(dòng)詞使用，基本含義有：喚醒某人，引起、激發(fā);鼓勵(lì)、鼓動(dòng)。我們可以參看教材上一道原題(衛(wèi)生類)
2.In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.
A. confuses(使人迷惑，混淆) B. excites(使人興奮、刺激，激發(fā))
C. scares(恐嚇某人，嚇跑某人= frighten)
D. diverts(轉(zhuǎn)移某人的注意力，使某物轉(zhuǎn)向)
arouse = awaken = encourage = cause
在06年的8題中，題目略做改動(dòng)：
3.It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull.
A. frightens(使人感到恐懼、害怕) B. scares C. confuses D. arouses
得出結(jié)論：不要背答案，要搞清每個(gè)常用詞的用法和同義詞，盡量在學(xué)習(xí)過程中能作到舉一反三。
4.She was awarded(頒發(fā)、授予、) a prize(獎(jiǎng)) for the film(電影). (answer: A)
A. given：vt(給、授予、讓步、供給), 常出現(xiàn)的固定搭配：give away泄露秘密，發(fā)放，頒發(fā); give forth發(fā)表，公布，發(fā)出聲音、氣味;give in屈服，交上;give way to讓步，坍塌，破裂
B. rewarded：vt酬勞、獎(jiǎng)賞;n 報(bào)酬、賞金，常見搭配：
as a reward for作為對某事的獎(jiǎng)賞;reward sb for sth為某事而報(bào)答某人,請注意派生詞：rewarding: adj 值得做的，令人滿意的 a rewarding film/trip(旅行)
如：He rewarded the boy for finding his lost mobile phone.
C. sent(是send過去分詞，送， 寄)
The mother sends her children to school every morning.
D. reminded(原形是remind, 提醒某人，使某人想起，常見搭配：remind sb of sth)
The picture(照片) reminded me of my father.
分析：award屬于詞義比較簡單的詞，一般表示頒發(fā)、授予、判定、給予，如：
she was awarded a gold medal(金牌) as a swimming(游泳) champion(冠軍)
5.Smoking(吸煙) will be banned (禁止)in all public(公共的) places here. (answer: A)
A. forbidden: 原形是forbid, 意思是禁止，不許，常見搭配：forbid sb to do sth,
The teacher forbids us to talk(說話) in the class.
B. allowed(***): 原形allow, 允許、準(zhǔn)許某人做某事，allow sb to do sth, 如：
My boss(老板) doesn’t allow me to use(使用)the phone(電話).
C. permitted : vt 原形permit, 允許，許可，使某事有可能性，同義詞allow, let.
allow = permit = let
D. promoted(***): v 原形promote, 促進(jìn)、增進(jìn)、發(fā)揚(yáng)、提升、請注意派生的名詞：promotion: 提升、促銷，提倡、贊助。
如：She worked hard and was promoted very soon. (她工作努力，很快獲得晉升。)
the organization(組織) works to promote(促進(jìn)) friendship(友誼) between nations(兩國之間的).
6.Smoking is not permitted in the office.
A. probable：形容詞，可能的，同義詞：possible
B. possible：形容詞，可能的，同義詞：probable)
C. admitted：動(dòng)詞，承認(rèn)、允許某人進(jìn)入，如：
1). The small window admits very little light(陽光).
2). I admitted I was wrong. (我承認(rèn)我錯(cuò)了。)
D. allowed = permitted
篇二：
1.There is a growing(不斷增加的) gap(n 缺口、裂口、距離、分歧) between the rich(代表一類人，富人們) and the poor(窮人們). (answer: C)
A. conflict：n 沖突、爭執(zhí)、(意見的)分歧、v沖突、抵觸
a conflict of interests利害沖突;
B. tension: n 緊張，同義詞：nervousness
C. gulf: n 海灣、溝壑、分歧，常見搭配：gulf between A and B in sth
There is a gulf between the husband and the wife in education(教育) of their child.
D. confrontation: n 對抗、動(dòng)詞：confront.
一般用于： confront sb with sth讓某人面對(不快的或令人頭疼的事情)
有關(guān)gap,還有一個(gè)常見的表達(dá)：generation gap代溝
2.I am very grateful(感激的) to you for your assistance(幫助). (answer: D)
A. helpful：有幫助的，反義詞：helpless, 詞組：be helpful to sb
He is always helpful to his mother.
B. hopeful:有希望的，反義詞：hopeless, 常見搭配：be hopeful of/about對。。。抱有希望，如：I am hopeful of passing the exam.
C. pitiful: pity+ful 令人憐憫的、可憐的，反義詞：pitiless: 無憐憫心的、殘酷的
D .thankful：感激的、感謝的，反義詞：thankless: 不感謝的、忘恩的，常見搭配：
be thankful to sb for sth = be grateful to sb for sth
得出結(jié)論：同義詞的常見搭配也一樣，后綴-ful(充滿的)和-less(少的、幾乎沒有的)互為反義詞。(重要詞根!)
3.You will be meeting her presently(不久、立刻). (answer: A)
A. shortly：adv馬上、立刻 I’ll be coming back shortly.
B. currently: adv時(shí)下、當(dāng)前，同義詞組：at present = now
She is currently in Beijing.
C. lately(***): adv 最近，同義詞：recently
How have been lately?近來可好?
D. probably： 可能地，反義詞：improbably, 同義詞：possibly.
presently = shortly = soon
4.Attitudes to(對。。。的態(tài)度) mental(精神的) illness(疾病) have shifted(改變) in recent years(在近幾年=lately). (answer: C)
A. displayed: 展示、陳列某物，顯示、顯露 display sth to sb
B. shown:原形show, 顯示、展示，此時(shí)和display屬近義詞。
C. changed(***)：高頻核心詞，含義豐富，改變、更換、交換、換乘、換衣服\兌換貨幣，等等。
change one’s idea/attitude改變主意/態(tài)度;change one’s job換工作; change gear換擋; change sides改變立場; change train換乘火車;change dollars into RMB把美圓兌換成人民幣。
D. demonstrated：v 證明、論證、表明、示威游行
5.I have been trying to(盡力) quit(停止) smoking. (answer: A)
A. give up：停止、放棄，give up sth/doing sth, 如：
My husband gave up(= quit = stop = abandon) smoking last year.
B. pick up(***):撿起來、情況好轉(zhuǎn)、通過實(shí)踐學(xué)會(huì)(外語、技術(shù))、收取某物、接人、偶然結(jié)識(shí)某人等。
C. build up逐漸發(fā)展、增強(qiáng)
D. take up：占據(jù)(時(shí)間或空間)、從事某事
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