英語四級(jí)聽力的備考小技巧
在備考英語四級(jí)的聽力過程中,有一些有用的小技巧是可以事半功倍的。為此百分網(wǎng)小編為大家?guī)韨淇即髮W(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力的小技巧。
英語四級(jí)聽力備考技巧:學(xué)會(huì)比較
聽力理解技巧是建立在聽力理解水平基礎(chǔ)上的,而聽力理解水平是通過聽力理解能力來體現(xiàn)的,它包括記憶和回想的能力、選擇要點(diǎn)的能力、推斷演繹的能力、判斷和得出結(jié)論的能力以及運(yùn)用背景知識(shí)的能力。詞匯主要涉及如何處理“生詞”的問題,即利用上下文、同位語猜詞的能力和一詞多義的辨別能力。語法主要包括那些最基本的語法現(xiàn)象,如時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)、否定式和說話人的口氣等。語音、語調(diào)、詞匯、語法是語言的基本要素,對(duì)它們的熟練掌握是打好語言基本功的關(guān)鍵。
通常,比較有兩種基本形式,相等比較和不等比較。相等比較的基本句型為:主語+謂語+as+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+as+被比較對(duì)象。請(qǐng)看下面一句話的比較:
Walking fast uses up as many calories as running slowly。
其中被比較對(duì)象為running slowly。但要注意有時(shí)出現(xiàn)的一句話只是形式上的相等比較,但在含義上卻是不等比較。像almost,nearly,practically通常表示還差一點(diǎn),不及等。不等比較的基本句型為:主語+謂語+比較級(jí)+than+被比較對(duì)象。此外,以比較級(jí)形式可表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。如下面一句話:
No other student studies as hard as peter。因此,應(yīng)是彼特學(xué)習(xí)最刻苦。
在四級(jí)聽力考試題目中,直接涉及比較題的內(nèi)容不多。但我們?cè)谶@里仍然把它作為一項(xiàng)技巧列出,一是因?yàn)樵诙涛闹袝?huì)有體現(xiàn),二是因?yàn)檫@將為六級(jí)打下基礎(chǔ)。因此,希望考生也把它重視起來。關(guān)于比較句式,一要抓住比較對(duì)象,二是掌握常見的比較句式。下列是一些常見的比較句式:as…as…,the same as,比較級(jí) + than,prefer…to…,would rather…than等。在比較對(duì)象上,注意that、one的指代;此外,還有句子成分的省略。例子如下,
原文:
W: I think I'll wear my red dress to the party tonight。
M: Can't you wear your blue one? I like it much better。
Q: How does the man feel about the woman's red dress?
選項(xiàng):
A) He hates it。
B) He likes it better than the blue dress。
C) He doesn't know which dress she means。
D) He doesn't like it as well as the blue one。(應(yīng)選D)
英語四級(jí)聽力備考技巧:短對(duì)話
一、短對(duì)話對(duì)于絕大多數(shù)英語學(xué)習(xí)者來說,從剛接觸英語聽力考試開始就有短對(duì)話這種最常見、最固定的'題型。短對(duì)話共有8個(gè)題目,占卷面總分的8%.該部分一般是日常生活中的對(duì)話,即衣、食、住、行、工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活等話題。
短對(duì)話具有如下特點(diǎn):對(duì)話是一男一女的形式,每人說一句,然后提問,卷面只有選項(xiàng),沒有問題;美式英語發(fā)音和英式英語發(fā)音的混合對(duì)話。短對(duì)話按題型 分類主要有地點(diǎn)題、人物關(guān)系或身份職業(yè)題、數(shù)字計(jì)算題、請(qǐng)求和建議題、判斷推理題、因果關(guān)系題、詞匯和習(xí)慣用語理解題、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題等。各種題型的答題技巧 在第二節(jié)中會(huì)作詳細(xì)的講解。
在做這部分題目的時(shí)候,除了要有扎實(shí)的聽力基本功之外,還要掌握一定的方法。
熟悉?紙(chǎng)景及常用詞匯大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力短對(duì)話的場(chǎng)景每年都是比較固定的,在相同的場(chǎng)景中會(huì)使用到相同或相近的詞匯,因此如果掌握了這些場(chǎng)景中的常用詞匯,這對(duì)于提高聽力理解能力起著非常重要的作用。
四級(jí)對(duì)話中常涉及的場(chǎng)景包括:診所或醫(yī)院(clinic or hospital)、 餐館(restaurant)、 學(xué);蛐@(school or campus)、書店 (bookstore)、火車站 (railway station)、 機(jī)場(chǎng) (airport)、 圖書館 (library)、 郵局(post office)、 銀行(bank)、 旅館 (hotel)等。
2.預(yù)覽選項(xiàng),預(yù)測(cè)談話內(nèi)容,抓住重點(diǎn)最重要的是好好把握播音之前的時(shí)間,我們應(yīng)該利用好這段時(shí)間來閱讀選項(xiàng)。閱讀選項(xiàng)的過程中要注意以下兩個(gè)方面的問題。
首先,根據(jù)選項(xiàng)預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)話內(nèi)容和提問內(nèi)容。通過四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的對(duì)比和對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞的研究,我們就會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)出對(duì)話的內(nèi)容和將要提問到的問題,在聽的過程中就會(huì)抓住重點(diǎn),解答試題就會(huì)事半功倍。
「典型例題」(2006年6月)
12.a) the woman does her own housework. b) the woman needs a housekeeper. c) the woman's house is in a mess. d) the woman works as a housekeeper.顯而易見,此題是有關(guān)housework的問題,因?yàn)樗膫(gè)選項(xiàng)中分別出現(xiàn)了does housework, needs housekeeper, house mess, work as housekeeper;由此推斷此題是關(guān)于做家務(wù)方面的一個(gè)談話,在聽這則對(duì)話時(shí),就可以輕而易舉地對(duì)號(hào)入座了。
其次,根據(jù)選項(xiàng)確定提問的人物對(duì)象。短對(duì)話是一男一女的形式,通過對(duì)選項(xiàng)的分析我們就可以確定提問內(nèi)容是關(guān)于男士的談話內(nèi)容還是女士的談話內(nèi)容,從而在聽的過程中會(huì)有所側(cè)重。
「典型例題」(2007年6月)
14.a) he quit teaching in june. b) he has left the army recently. c) he opened a restaurant near the school. d) he has taken over his brother's business.通過對(duì)選項(xiàng)的分析可知,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的主語都是he,因此提問的內(nèi)容集中在男士的回答上,在聽的過程中要重點(diǎn)聽男士所說的內(nèi)容。
英語四級(jí)聽力的真題
Passage 3
The British are supposed to be famous for laughing at themselves, but even their sense of humour has a limit, as the British retailer Gerald Ratner found out to his cost. When Ratner took over his father's chain of 130 jewelry shops in 1984, he introduced a very clear company policy. He decided that his shops should sell down market products at the lowest possible prices. It was a great success. The British public loved his cheap gold earrings and his tasteless silver ornaments. By 1991, Ratner's company had 2,400 shops and it was worth over 680 million pounds. But in April of that year, Gerald Ratner made a big mistake. At a big meeting of top British businesspeople, he suited up and explained the secret of his success. People say "How can we sell our goods for such a low price?" I say "Because they are absolute rubbish." His audience roared with laughter. But the British newspapers and the British public were not so amused. People felt insulted and stayed away from Ratner's shops. Sales fell and 6 months after his speech, Ratner's share price had fallen by 42%. The following year, things got worse and Gerald Ratner was forced to resign. By the end of 1992, he lost his company, his career and his house. Even worse, 25,000 of his employees had lost their jobs. It had been a very expensive joke.
Question 22 What did Gerald Ratner decide to do when he took over his father's shops?
Question 23 On what occasion did Gerald Ratner explained the secret of his success?
Question 24 How did people feel when they leaned of Gerald Ratner's remarks?
Question 25 What does the story of Gerald Ratner suggest?
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