去看電影在外面待到很晚使用小汽車搭車，孩子我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友參加聚會(huì)嗎，在星期六你來(lái)時(shí)請(qǐng)幫我掃的好嗎，我要搬到一所新房子里了我需要一些幫助，金元時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了后世稱為金元四大家的醫(yī)學(xué)流派。
11課英語(yǔ)句子
第11課
1a1、洗盤子2、掃地3、倒垃圾4、整理你的床鋪5、疊你的衣服6、打掃起居室
1c請(qǐng)你掃地好嗎？
好的，當(dāng)然可以。
2a去看電影在外面待到很晚使用小汽車搭車
我必須去參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。
你必須打掃你的房間。
我需要吃早飯。
明天你有個(gè)測(cè)試。
2cA:我可以使用你的電腦嗎？
B:抱歉，我現(xiàn)在打算用它工作。
A:噢，我可以看電視嗎？
B:似的，你可以。不過(guò)，首先你必須打掃你的房間。
Grammarfocus
請(qǐng)你打掃你的房間好嗎？是的，當(dāng)然可以。
請(qǐng)你洗盤子好嗎？抱歉，我不能。我必須做作業(yè)。
我可以去看電影嗎？是的，你可以。
我可以用一下汽車嗎？不，你不可以。我得出去。
3aA:我不喜歡做家務(wù)。
B:噢，我也不喜歡一些家務(wù)，但是我喜歡其他的家務(wù)。
A:真的嗎？你喜歡——衣服嗎？
B:不，我不喜歡。那令人厭煩。
A:我同意。你喜歡——你的床鋪嗎？
B:不，不怎么喜歡。但是我喜歡——盤子，因?yàn)槟鞘谷朔潘�。而且我喜歡——早飯，因?yàn)槲蚁矚g烹飪。
3bA:我喜歡擦自行車，因?yàn)槲铱梢缘酵饷嫒ァ?/p>
B:我不喜歡洗盤子，因?yàn)槟橇钊藚挓?/p>
sectionB
1a買些飲料和小吃借些錢打掃你的房間邀請(qǐng)我的朋友參加聚會(huì)去商店購(gòu)物使用你的ＣＤ播放器倒垃圾整理你的床鋪1b
父（母）親：你能打掃你的房間嗎？
孩子：是的，我能打掃。
孩子：我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友參加聚會(huì)嗎？
父（母）親：不，你不能。
2cＡ：你把垃圾帶出去好嗎？
Ｂ：當(dāng)然可以。
3a主題：狗來(lái)自：托馬斯
南希：
感謝你照看我的狗。請(qǐng)你每天做這些事情好嗎？帶它去散步，給它喝水，并且喂它東西吃。然后，清洗它的碗，跟它一起玩。別忘了打掃它的床鋪。祝你愉快！下周見。
謝謝，
托馬斯
3b主題：聚會(huì)來(lái)自：桑迪
戴夫：
媽媽說(shuō)我可以在家舉行學(xué)校聚會(huì)。我需要一些幫助。在星期六你來(lái)時(shí)，請(qǐng)幫我掃的好嗎？————————
謝謝，
桑迪
3c主題：來(lái)自：
親愛(ài)的羅莎：
我要搬到一所新房子里了！我需要一些幫助。你可以幫我……
4
A:我們需要更多的飲料和小吃。請(qǐng)你買一些好嗎？
B:很抱歉，可是我沒(méi)有錢。
A:我有錢，可是我沒(méi)有……
Selfcheck
1
1、我不喜歡洗盤子，那令人厭煩。
2、我打算從事我的英語(yǔ)方案，然后與我的朋友們會(huì)面。
3、當(dāng)我忘記打掃我的房間時(shí)，我媽媽真的很生氣。
4、請(qǐng)問(wèn)我可以使用一下你的詞典嗎？我的在家里。
5、當(dāng)我度假時(shí)請(qǐng)你照看我的貓好嗎？
2
親愛(ài)的李朋：
我和我的父母明天要去度假。我去了你家，可是你不在。我需要一些幫助。請(qǐng)你喂我的狗好嗎？還有，你可以……
中醫(yī)英語(yǔ)課后句子翻譯1(含中文lesson1-10)
中醫(yī)英語(yǔ)課后句子翻譯1（含中文lesson1-lesson10）1.中國(guó)醫(yī)藥學(xué)有數(shù)千年的歷史，是中國(guó)人民長(zhǎng)期同疾病作斗爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)
TCMhasahistoryofthousandofyearsandisasummaryoftheChinesepeople’sexperienceintheirstruggleagainstdiseases.
2.中醫(yī)學(xué)有完整獨(dú)立的理論體系。TCMhasauniqueandintegratedtheoreticalsystem.
3.中醫(yī)學(xué)是研究人的生命規(guī)律以及疾病的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和防治規(guī)律的一門科學(xué)。
TCMisasciencethatstudiestherulesoflifeaswellastheoccurrence,progress,preventionandtreatmentofdisease.
4.《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》為中醫(yī)學(xué)理論體系的形成奠定了基礎(chǔ)
YellowEmperor’sCannonofInternalMedicinehaslaidasolidfoundationfortheformationoftheoreticalsystemofTCM.
5.《難經(jīng)》在許多方面，尤其是在脈學(xué)上，補(bǔ)充了《皇帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》的不足。
ClassicofDifficultieshassupplementedwhatwasunaddressedintheYellowEmperor’sCannonofMedicineinmanyrespects,especiallyinpulselore.
6.《諸病源侯論》是中醫(yī)學(xué)最早的一部病因癥候?qū)W專著。
Discussiononthecausesandsymptomofvariousdiseasesistheearliestextantmonographonthecausesandsymptomofdiseasesinchina.
7.陽(yáng)常有余，陰常不足。YangisusuallyexcessivewhileYinisfrequentlydeficiency.
8.內(nèi)傷脾胃，百病由生。Internalimpairmentofthespleenandstomachcausesvariousdiseases.
9.《本草綱目》是中藥學(xué)史上的不朽著作，并對(duì)世界藥學(xué)的發(fā)展做出了偉大的貢獻(xiàn)。
CompendiumofMateriaMedica(BencaoGangmu)isrecognizedasamonumentalworkinthehistoryofChinesematerialmedicalandagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofpharmacologyintheworld.
10.中藥不但包含草藥，而且包含礦物藥和動(dòng)物藥等。
TraditionalChinesematerialmedicalincludesnotonlyherbsbutalsomineralandanimaldrugs.
11.金元時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了后世稱為“金元四大家”的醫(yī)學(xué)流派。
Inthejinandyuandynasties,thereappearedtheso-calledfourgreatmedicalschools.
12.張從正認(rèn)為病由邪生，提倡汗、吐、下三法驅(qū)邪治玻
ZhangCongzhengbelievedthatalldiseaseswerecausedbyexogenouspathogenicfactorsandadvocatedthatpathogenicfactorsshouldbedrivenoutbymeansofdiaphoresis,emesisandpurgation.
13.劉宗素認(rèn)為“火熱”為主要病因，用藥以寒涼為主。
LiuWangSubelievedthat“five-heat”wasthemaincauseofavarietyofdiseaseandthesediseasesshouldbetreatedwithdrugscoldandcoolinnature.
14.劉暠主張治療疾病以溫補(bǔ)脾胃為主，被稱為“補(bǔ)土派”
LinGaoemphasizedthatthemostimportantthinginclinicaltreatmentwastowarmandinvigoratethespleenandstomach,sohistheorywasknownasthe“schoolofReinforcingtheEarth”.
15.朱丹溪治病以滋陰降火為主，被稱為“養(yǎng)陰派”
ZhuZenghengadvocatedtheremediesofnourishingYinandreducingfireintreatmentofdisease,sohistheorywasknownasthe“schoolofnourishingYin”
16.溫病是研究四時(shí)溫病的發(fā)生、發(fā)展規(guī)律及其診治方法的一門臨床科學(xué)
StudyonWarmDiseaseisaclinicspecialtyfocusingontheoccurrence,progress,diagnosisandtreatmentofWarmDiseases.
17.溫病學(xué)派創(chuàng)立了以衛(wèi)氣營(yíng)血和三焦為核心的溫病辨證論治規(guī)范。
TheschoolofWarmDiseasehasdevelopedtherulesoftreatmentofWarmDiseasebasedonsyndromedifferentiationinlightofdefensivephase,qiphase,nutritivephase,bloodphaseandtripleenergizer.
18.王清任改正了古醫(yī)學(xué)在人體解剖方面的錯(cuò)誤，并倡導(dǎo)瘀血致病的理論
WangQingreninthelateQingDynastycorrectedmistakesaboutanatomymadeinancientmedicalbooksandadvocatedthetheorythatdiseaseswerecausedbybloodstasis.
19.中醫(yī)學(xué)結(jié)合為中醫(yī)的發(fā)展與現(xiàn)代化開辟了一條心途徑。
IntegratedtraditionalChineseandWesternmedicinehaspavedanewwayforthedevelopmentandmodernizationoftraditionalChinesemedicine.
20.中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論系統(tǒng)化和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究取得了快速的進(jìn)展。
GreatprogrehasbeenmadeinsystematicandexperimentalstudyofthebasictheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine.
1.中醫(yī)理論體系有兩個(gè)基本特點(diǎn)：一是整體觀念，二是辨證論治。
ThetheoreticalsystemofTCMismainlycharacterizedbyholismandtreatmentbasedonsyndrome.
2.中醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為人體是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體TCMbelievesthatthehumanbodyisorganicwhole.
3.人體各個(gè)組成部分在功能上相互為用，在病理上相互影響
Theconstituentpartsofthehumanbodyareinterdependentinphysiologyandmutuallyinfluentialinpathology.
4.整體觀念貫穿于中醫(yī)生理、病理、診法、辯證和治療的各個(gè)方面
Theholismpermeatesthroughthephysiology,pathology,diagnostics,syndromedifferentiationandtherapeutics.
5.自然界的變化又可以直接或間接地影響人體。Changeinthenaturalworlddirectlyandindirectlyinfluencethehumanbody.
6.人的氣血春夏趨向于表，秋冬趨向里
Qiandbloodinthehumanbodytendtoflowtotheexteriorinspringandsummerandtotheinteriorinautumnandwinter.
7.心開竅于舌并與小腸相表里Theheartopensintothetongueandisinternallyandexternallyrelatedthesmallintestine.
8.中醫(yī)認(rèn)識(shí)到社會(huì)活動(dòng)對(duì)心理的影響TCMhasnoticedthatthefactthatsocialactivitypsychologicallyinfluenceshumanbeing.
9.中醫(yī)強(qiáng)調(diào)形神共存，互用并相互影響。
AccordingtoTCM,thebodyandspiritco-exist,interactingwitheachotherandinfluencingeachother.
10.人體陽(yáng)氣白天多趨向于表，夜晚多趨向于里。
YangQiinthehumanbodytendstoflowtotheexteriorinthedaytimeandtotheinterioratnight.
11.地區(qū)氣候的差異在一定程度上也影響著人體的生理活動(dòng)。
Regionaldifference,tosomeextent,influencesthephysiologicalactivitiesofthehumanbody.
12.證是機(jī)體在疾病發(fā)展過(guò)程中的某一階段的病理概括。
Syndromeisageneralizationofpathologicalchangedatacertainstageduringthecourseofadisease.
13.辨證論治是中醫(yī)認(rèn)識(shí)疾病和治療疾病的基本原則，也是中醫(yī)的基本特點(diǎn)之一。Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation,oneofthecharacteristicsofTCM,isthebasicprincipleinTCMforunderstandingandtreatingdiseases.
14.證包括了病變的部位、原因、性質(zhì)、以及邪正關(guān)系。
Syndromeincludesthelocation,causeandnatureofadisease,aswellasthestateofpathogenicfactorsandhealthqi.
15.辯證和論治是診治疾病過(guò)程中相互聯(lián)系不可分割的兩個(gè)方面。
Differentiationofsyndromeandtreatmentofdiseasearetwoinseparableaspectsindiagnosingandtreatingdiseases.
16.臨床中醫(yī)注重辨病，但更注重辯證，從而通過(guò)治證來(lái)治療疾病
Clinicallydoctorspaygreatattentiontothedifferentiationofdiseases,buttherapeuticallytheycaremoreaboutthedifferentiationofsyndromesbecausediseasescanbecuredbytreatingsyndromes.
17.證能更全面、跟正確的揭示疾病的本質(zhì)Syndromecancomprehensivelyandaccuratelyrevealthenatureofdisease.
18.不同的疾病可因相同的病機(jī)而出現(xiàn)相同的證。
Differentdiseasesmaydemonstratethesamesyndromebecauseofthesimilarityinpathogenesis.
19.如果兩種疾病表現(xiàn)出相同的中氣下陷證，就均可用升提中氣的方法治療。Ifthesyndromeofmiddleqisinkingappearsintwodifferentdiseases,theyallcanbetreatedbythetherapeuticmethodforelevatingmiddleqi.
20.中醫(yī)治病不是單純注重病之異同，而是病機(jī)之異同。ThetreatmentofdiseaseinTCMdoesnotonlysimpleconcentrationthedifferenceorsimilarityofdisease,butonthedifferenceorsimilarityofpathogenesis.
1.陰陽(yáng)中國(guó)古代哲學(xué)的一對(duì)范疇YinandYangaretwoconceptsinclassicalChinesephilosophy.
2.陰陽(yáng)是自然界相互關(guān)聯(lián)的某些事物和現(xiàn)象對(duì)立雙方的概括
YinandYangarethesummarizationoftheattributesoftwooppositeaspectsofinterrelatedthingsorphenomenalinnature.
3.宇宙間一切事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和變化都是陰陽(yáng)對(duì)立矛盾運(yùn)動(dòng)的結(jié)果。TheformationdevelopmentandchangesofallthingsintheuniversearetheresultofthemovementofYinandYangthatopposetoeachotherandunitewitheachother.
4.天氣輕清故屬陽(yáng)，地氣重濁故屬陰。
ThecelestialqipertaintoYangbecauseitislightandlucid,whiletheterrestrialqipertaintoYinbecauseitisheavyandturbid.
5.陰陽(yáng)相互制約的過(guò)程就是相互消長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程。
ThecourseofmutualrestrainandinhibitionbetweenYinandYangsignifiestheirprogreinmutualreductionandpromotion.
6.沒(méi)有因也就無(wú)以言陽(yáng)，沒(méi)有陽(yáng)亦無(wú)以言陰。YincannotexitalonewithoutYangandviceversa.
7.陰陽(yáng)離絕，經(jīng)氣乃絕。SeparationofYinandYangresultsinexhaustingofessence.
8.只有不斷的消長(zhǎng)平衡，才能推動(dòng)事物的發(fā)展。
Onlythroughconstantreduction,promotionandbalancecanthenormaldevelopmentofthingsbemaintained.
9.在一定條件下，那樣可以各自向其反得方向發(fā)展。Undergivencondition,eitherYinorYangmaytransformintoitscounterpart.
10．物生謂之化，物極謂之變。Sproutofthingssignifiestransformationwhileextremedevelopmentofthingsindicateschanges.
11人生有形，不離陰陽(yáng)。YinandYangareindispensabletothehumanbody.
12功能屬于陽(yáng)，物質(zhì)屬于陰。FunctionpertaintoYangwhilesubstancestoYin.
13.如果陰陽(yáng)不能相互為用而分離，人的生命也就終止了。
IfYinandYangfailtopromoteeachotherandarethusseparatedfromeachother,itwillleadtotheendoflife.
14.無(wú)論疾病的病理變化如何復(fù)雜，都不外乎陰陽(yáng)的偏盛偏衰Nomatterhowcomplicatedpathologicalchangesofadiseaseare,theyarenothingmorethanrelativepredominanceofYinandYang.
15.正氣指整個(gè)機(jī)體的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能，包括人體對(duì)疾病的抵抗力。
Theso-calledhealthyqireferstothestructureandfunctionsofbody,includingbodyresistanceagainstdiseases.
16機(jī)體陰陽(yáng)的任何一方虛損到一定程度，必然導(dǎo)致另一方的不足。Ifanypartofthebody,eitherYinorYang,becausedeficienttoacertainextent,itwillinevitablyleadtoinsufficiencyoftheotherpart.
17疾病發(fā)生、發(fā)展的內(nèi)在原因在于陰陽(yáng)失調(diào)。
ImbalancebetweenYinandYangistheintrinsicfactorresponsiblefortheoccurrenceandprogreofadisease.
18從色澤的明暗，可以辨別病情的陰陽(yáng)屬性。
ManifestationsofcomplexioncantellwhetheradiseasepertainstoYinorYanginnature.
19治療的基本原則是補(bǔ)其不足，泄其有余。Thebasictherapeuticprincipleistosupplement
insufficiencyandreduceexcess.
20只有選用適用的藥物，才能收到良好的療效。Onlywhenappropriateherbsarechosencanexcellenttherapeuticeffectsbeensured.
1.木、火、土、金、水是不可缺少的五種最基本的物質(zhì)。
Wood,fire,earth,metal,andwaterarethefivemostessentialmaterialsindispensabletohumanexistence.
2.中醫(yī)理論體在形成過(guò)程中，受到古代五行學(xué)說(shuō)的深刻影響。
TheformationofthetheoreticalsystemofTCMwasdeeplyinfluencedbythedoctrineoffiveelements.
3.水具有滋潤(rùn)和向下的特性。Waterischaracterizedbymoisteninganddownwardflowing.
4.肝主升而歸屬于土Theliverpertaintowoodbecauseitcontrolselevation
5.脾主運(yùn)化而歸屬于木Thespleenpertainstoearthbecauseitcontrolstransportationandtransformation.
6.腎主水而歸屬于水Thekidneypertainstowaterbecauseitcontrolswatermetabolism.
7.相克是指以事物對(duì)另事物的生長(zhǎng)和功能具有抑制和制約的作用
Restrictionimpliesthatonethingbringsundercontrolorrestraintoftheother.
8.木生火，，生我者為木；火生土，我生者為土。
Sincewoodgeneratesfire,woodisthegeneratoroffire;sincefiregeneratesearth,fireisthegeneratorofearth.
9.相乘即以強(qiáng)凌弱的意思。Subjugationoroverrestrictionmeanstolaunchaviolentattackwhenacounterpartisweak.
10.木過(guò)強(qiáng)時(shí)，既可以乘脾，又可以侮金。Whenwoodistoostrong,itwilloverrestrictthespleenandcounter-restrictmetal.
11.心陽(yáng)有溫煦之功能，故心屬火。Sincetheheartcanwarmthebody,itpertainstofire.
12.肝藏血以濟(jì)心Thefirestoresbloodtocomplementthefire.
13.腎藏精以滋養(yǎng)肝的陰血Thekidneystoresessencetonourishbloodintheliver.
14.子病犯母指疾病的傳變從子臟傳及母臟Theideathatthedisorderofachild-organattacksthemother-organmeansthatthediseaseistransmittedfromachild-organtoitsmother-organ.
15.人體是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，內(nèi)臟有病可以反映到體表。
Thehumanbodyisanorganicwhole,sodisordersoftheinternalorganscanbemanifestedoverthesurfaceofthebody.
16.相克傳變包括相乘和相侮，均屬于不正常的相克。
Restrictionincludesoverrestrictionandcounterrestriction,bothofwhichareabnormalrestrictionamongthefiveelements.
17.五行的基本屬性是生，克，乘，侮。
Thebasicrelationshipamongthefiveelementsaregeneration,restriction,overrestrictionandcounterrestriction.
18.生我者為母，我生者為子。Theonethatgeneratesisthemother-elementwhiletheonethatisbeinggeneratedisthechild-element.
19.在臨床治療上，五行學(xué)說(shuō)用來(lái)確定治療原則和治療方法。
Clinicallythedoctrineofthefiveelementsisusedtodeclinetherapeuticprincipleandmethod.
20.五行學(xué)說(shuō)也有一定的局限性。Thedoctrineoffiveelementsobviouslyhaslimitationsandisstillinneedoffurtherimprovement.
1.藏象學(xué)說(shuō)是研究人體各個(gè)臟腑的生理功能、病理變化及其相互關(guān)系色學(xué)說(shuō)
Thetheoryofvisceramanifestationstudiesthephysiologicalfunctionsandpathologicalchangesofvisceraandtheirrelations.
2.藏象學(xué)說(shuō)在中醫(yī)學(xué)理論體系中占極及其重要的地位。
ThetheoryofvisceramanifestationplaysanimportantroleinthetheoreticalsystemofTCM.
3.五臟的共同生理特點(diǎn)是化生和貯藏精氣
ThecommonphysiologicalfunctionofthefiveZang-organsistotransformandstoreessence
4.六腑的共同生理特點(diǎn)是受盛和傳化水谷。
Thecommonphysiologicalfunctionofthesix-organsistoreceive,transportandtransformwaterandfood.
5.臟病多虛，腑病多實(shí)
DiseasesofthefiveZang-organsareoftenofdeficiencyinnature,whilediseasesofthefu-organsarefrequentlyofexceinnature.
6.臟實(shí)者可泄其腑，腑虛者可補(bǔ)其臟。Exceofzang-organscanbetreatedbypurgingthecorrespondingfu-organswhiledeficiencyoffu-organscanbetreatedbyreinforcingtherelatedzang-organs.
7.皮膚受涼而感冒，會(huì)出現(xiàn)鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽等癥狀。
Commoncoldduetoinvasionofcoldintotheskinisoftencharacterizedbystuffynose,runningnoseandcough.
8.腎的精氣有促進(jìn)骨骼生長(zhǎng)的作用。Kidneyessenceishelpfulforpromotingthegrowthofskeletone.
9.心與小腸相表里。Theheartandthesmallintestineareinternallyandexternallyrelatedtoeachother.
10五臟與形體諸竅聯(lián)接成一個(gè)整體ThefiveZang-organs,thebodyandalltheorificesformanorganicwhole.。
11脾開竅于口，其華仔唇四白Thespleenopensintothemouthanditslusterismanifestedoverthelips.
12.五臟的生理活動(dòng)與精神情志密切相關(guān)
ThephysiologicalfunctionsofthefiveZang-organsarecloselyassociatedwiththestateofspiritandmind.
13五臟的生理活動(dòng)統(tǒng)帥全身整體的生理功能
ThephysiologicalfunctionsofthefiveZang-organsplayaleadingroleinthephysiologicalfunctionsofthewholebody.
14.五臟生理功能之間的平衡協(xié)調(diào)時(shí)維持機(jī)體內(nèi)在環(huán)境相對(duì)恒定的重要環(huán)節(jié)ThenormalrelationshipbetweenthefiveZang-organsandthebodyandalltheorificesiskeytotherelativestabilityoftheinternalenvironmentofthebody.
15.五臟與形體諸竅的聯(lián)系維系著體內(nèi)外環(huán)境之間的相對(duì)平衡協(xié)調(diào)ThenormalrelationshipbetweenthefiveZang-organsandthebodyandalltheorificesmaintainstherelativebalancebetweentheinternalenvironmentandexternalenvironmentofthebody.
16.精神情志和思維意識(shí)活動(dòng)的失常也會(huì)影響五臟的生理功能
Disorderofspirit,emotion,andmentalactivitiesaffectsthephysiologicalfunctionsofthefiveZang-organs.
17.藏象學(xué)說(shuō)的形成雖有一定的古代解剖知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)
Theformationofthedoctrineofvisceramanifestationwas,toacertainextend,basedontheknowledgeofanatomyinancienttimes.
18有諸內(nèi)，必形諸外。Thestateoftheinternalorgansmustbemanifestedexternally
19.藏象學(xué)說(shuō)對(duì)臟腑的認(rèn)識(shí)大大超越了人體解剖學(xué)的臟腑范圍
Theknowledgeabouttheviscerainthedoctrineofmanifestationhasexceededthescopeofthatinmodernanatomy.
20藏象學(xué)說(shuō)中的臟腑不單純是一個(gè)解剖學(xué)概念，而是概括了人體某一系統(tǒng)的生理和病理學(xué)概念。
Theviscerainthedoctrineofmanifestationarenotsimplyanatomicconcepts,buttheconceptsthatareusedtogeneralizethephysiologicalfunctionsandpathologicalchangesinthewholebody.1．心臟的主要生理功能是主血脈和主神志。Thephysiologicalfunctionofheartistocontrolbloodandvesselsandgovernthemind.
2．脈是血液運(yùn)行的通道Thevesselsarethepassagesinwhichbloodflow.
3．血液的正常運(yùn)行必須以心氣充沛，血液充盈和脈道通利為其基本的前提條件。
Sufficiencyheartqi,abundantbloodandsmoothneofvesselsareprerequisitetonormalcirculationofblood.
4．若心有病變，可以從舌上反映出來(lái)。Pathologicalchangesoftheheartcanbeobservedfromthetongue.
5．肺的呼吸功能健全與否，直接影響著宗氣的生成。
Therespiratoryfunctionoflungdirectlyinfluencestheproductionofthoracicqi.
6．肺失于宣散，即可出現(xiàn)呼氣不利、胸悶、咳喘等病理現(xiàn)象。
Failureofthelungtodisperseinevitablyleadstodyspnea,chestoppression,coughandpanting..
7．如果肺的通調(diào)水道功能減退，就可發(fā)生水液停聚而生痰、成飲。
Hypofunctionofthelunginregulatingwaterpassagewillleadtoproductionofphlegmandretainedfluidduetostagnationofwater.
8．肺的病變多見于鼻、喉的癥狀。Thepathologicalchangesofthelungaremainlymanifestedinthenoseandthroat.
9．運(yùn)化水谷即是對(duì)飲食物的消化和吸收。
Transportationandtransformationofwaterandfoodmeanstodigestfoodandabsorbnutrientsfromfood.
10．脾失健運(yùn)即脾運(yùn)化水谷精微的功能減退。Failureofthespleentotransportnormallyreferstohypofunctionofthespleenintransportingandtransformingthenutrientsofwaterandfood
11．脾為后天之本，氣血生化之源。Thespleenistheacquiredbaseoflifeandthesourceofqiandbloodproduction,
12．百病皆由脾胃衰而生也。Alldiseasesarecausedbyweakneifthespleenandstomach.
13．肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄與主藏血。Themainphysiologicalfunctionoftheliveristocontrolfreeflowofqiandstoreblood.
14．氣機(jī)的郁結(jié)會(huì)導(dǎo)致血行及津液的輸布代謝障礙。
Stagnationofqiwillaffectbloodcirculationaswellasdistributionandmetabolismofbodyfluid.
15．肝血不足或肝不藏血時(shí)即可引起月經(jīng)量少，甚則閉經(jīng)。
Insufficientbloodorfailureofthelivertostorebloodwillcausescantymenstruationorevenamenorrhea,
16．肢體運(yùn)動(dòng)的能量來(lái)源權(quán)依賴于肝的藏血充足和調(diào)節(jié)血量的作用。Sufficientbloodstoredintheliverandnormalfunctionofthelivertoregulatebloodenablethelimbstogetnecessaryenergyfortheirmovement.
17．腎主生長(zhǎng)、發(fā)育、與生殖。Thekidneygovernsgrowth,developmentandreproductions.
18.腎所藏得精氣包括“先天之氣”和“后天之氣”。Theessencestoredinthekidneyincludesinnateessenceandacquiredessence.
19.腎的納氣功能正常則呼吸均勻和調(diào)。Ifthefunctionofthekidneytoreceiveqiisnormal,breathwillbesmoothandeven.
20.尿液的排泄雖在膀胱，但須依賴腎的氣化才能完成。
Throughurineisdischargedfromthebladder,itdependsonqitransformingactivityofthekidneytoaccomplishsuchadischarge.
1.膽排泄膽汁于小腸以助消化食物。thegallbladderexcretesbiletopromotethesmallintestinetodigestfood
2.膽的主要生理功能是儲(chǔ)存和排泄膽汁。themainphysiologicalfunctionofthegallbladderistostoreandexcretebile
3.膽汁由肝之精氣所化生。Bileistransformedfromtheessenceintheliver
4.胃的生理功能是收納與腐熟水谷。Themainphysiologicalfunctionofthestomachistoreceiveanddigestwaterandfood.
5.容納于胃中的水谷經(jīng)過(guò)胃的腐熟后，下傳于小腸，其精微經(jīng)脾的運(yùn)化而營(yíng)養(yǎng)全身。
Afterprimarydigestion,thefoodinthestomachistransferredtothesmallintestine,thenutrientofthefoodisthentransportedandtransformedtonourishthewholebodybythespleen.
6.飲食物經(jīng)過(guò)小腸的進(jìn)一步消化后分別為水谷精微和食物殘?jiān)鼉蓚�(gè)部分。
foodisfurtherdividedintonutrientandresideafterfurtherdigestioninthesmallintestine.
7.小腸在吸收水谷精微的同時(shí)，也吸收了大量的水液。
thesmallintestinealsoabsorblargequantityofliquidwhenitabsorbingnutrientsfromfood.
8..“清”指的是水谷精微，“濁”指的是食物殘?jiān)?/p>
Theso-called“l(fā)ucid”referstothenutrientsofwaterandfoodwhiletheso-called“turbid”referstotheresideoffood
9.小腸的泌別清濁功能正常，則二便正常。
ifthefunctionofthesmallintestinetoseparatethelucidfromtheturbid,theactivityofdefecationandurinationwillbenormal.
10.大腸接受經(jīng)過(guò)小腸泌別清濁后所剩下的食物殘?jiān)�，再吸收其中多余的水液，形成糞便，經(jīng)過(guò)肛門而排除體外。
themainphysiologicalfunctionofthelargeintestineistoreceivethewastepartoffoodstufftransmitteddownfromthesmallintestine,absorbpartoftheliquidfromthewasteandtransformtherestpartintofeces.
11.膀胱儲(chǔ)存和排泄尿液是在腎的氣化作用下完成的。
thegallbladderstoresanddischargeurinethroughthefunctionofqitransformationofthekidney.
12.胃與脾相表里。thestomachandthespleenareinternallyandexternallyrelatedtoeachother.
13.上焦如物theupperenergizerfunctionsasasprayer.
14.中焦如漚themiddleenergizerfunctionsasafermentor.
15.下焦如瀆thelowenergizerfunctionsasadrainer.
16.奇恒之腑形態(tài)類似于腑，功能類似于臟。
theextraordinaryfu-organsaremorphologicallysimilartothefu-organsandfunctionallysimilartothezang-organs.
17.六腑的共同生理功能是傳化水谷，排泄糟粕。
thecommonfunctionofthesixfu-organsistotransportandtransformwaterandfoodanddischargewaste.
18.人之靈機(jī)記性皆在腦中。theintelligenceandmemoryofmanareassociatedwiththefunctionofthebrain.
19.腦為元神之府。thebrainisthehouseoftheprimordialspirit.
20.女子胞是發(fā)生月經(jīng)和孕育胎兒的器官。theuterusistheorganwheremenstruationtakesplaceandfetusisconceived.
1.氣是構(gòu)成人體的最基本物質(zhì)。Qiisthemostessentialsubstancetoconstitutethebody.
2.人體的氣來(lái)源于秉受于父母的先天之精、飲食物中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和存在于自然界的清氣。Qiinthebodyisderivedfrominnateqithatistransformedfromthekidneyessenceinheritingfromtheparents,andacquiredqifrombothfoodnutrientsthataretransformedbythespleenandstomachandfreshairthatisinhaledbythelung.
3.先天之精依賴于腎藏精氣的生理功能才能充分發(fā)揮其生理效應(yīng)。
Theinnateessencedependsontheessentialqistoredinthekidneytotakeeffect.
4.水谷精氣依賴于脾胃的運(yùn)化功能才能從飲食物中攝取而化生。Thenutrientsfromwaterandfoodaretransformedandabsorbedthroughthefunctionofthespleenandstomachintransportationandtransformation.
5.氣是活力很強(qiáng)的精微物質(zhì)。Qiisasortofrefinedsubstancewithpowerfulactivity.
6.人體的體溫是依賴氣的溫煦作用來(lái)維持恒定。Bodytemperatureismaintainedwiththewarmingfunctionofqi.
7.氣的防御作用主要體現(xiàn)在護(hù)衛(wèi)全身的肌表和防御外邪的入侵。Intermofitsdefensivefunction,qimainlyprotectsthewholebodyandpreventsexogenouspathogenicfactorsfrominvadingthebody.
8.氣對(duì)血、精液等液態(tài)物質(zhì)具有防止其無(wú)故流失的作用。Qipreventsbloodandbodyfluidfromlosing.
9.氣不攝血可導(dǎo)致各種出血。Failureofqitocontrolbloodmayleadtovariouskindsof
bleeding.
10.氣化指通過(guò)其的運(yùn)動(dòng)而產(chǎn)生的各種變化。Qitransformationreferstochangescausedbyqimovement.
11.氣流行于全身而推動(dòng)和激發(fā)人體的各種生理功能。
Qiflowsallthroughthebodytopromoteandstimulatevariousphysiologicalfunctionsofthebody.
12.人體的臟腑經(jīng)絡(luò)等器官組織都是氣的升降出入場(chǎng)所。Theorgansandtissueslikevisceraandmeridiansarealltheplaceswhereqiascendsanddescendsaswellasexitsfromandentersintothebody.
13.氣的升降出入運(yùn)動(dòng)一旦停止，也就意味著生命活動(dòng)的終止和死亡。
Ifqistopsascending,descending,exitingandentering,itwillleadtoanendoflifeactivities.
14.元?dú)馐侨梭w最基本、最基本的氣，是人體生命活動(dòng)的原動(dòng)力。
Theprimordialqiisthemostessentialandimportantqiandistheprimarymotiveforceoflife.
15.先天稟賦不足或后天失調(diào)，或久病損耗都會(huì)形成元?dú)馓撍ザa(chǎn)生種種病變。Innateweakneorimpropercareafterbirthorprolongedillnewillleadtodeficiencyanddeclineoftheprimordialqi,andconsequentlycausingvariousdiseases.
16.宗氣是積于胸中之氣，具有推動(dòng)心臟的搏動(dòng)、調(diào)節(jié)心率和心律的功能。
Thethoracicqiisaccumulatedinthechestandfunctionstoinvigoratetheheartandregulateheartrateandtherhythmofheartbeat.
17.營(yíng)氣主要來(lái)自脾胃運(yùn)化的水谷精氣，由水谷精微中的精華部分所化生。
Thenutritiveqicomesfromthenutrientstransformedfromwaterandfoodbythespleenandstomach.
18.營(yíng)氣分布于血脈中，成為血液的組成部分所化生。
Thenutritiveqiisdistributedinthebloodvesselsandflowstothewholebodyaspartoftheblood.
19.衛(wèi)氣運(yùn)行于脈外，活動(dòng)力特別強(qiáng)，流動(dòng)很迅速。Thedefensiveqiflowsoutsidethebloodvesselswithstrongforceandhighspeed.
20.營(yíng)主內(nèi)守而屬陰，衛(wèi)主外衛(wèi)而屬陽(yáng)。Thenutritiveqipertainstoyinbecauseitmaintainsinsidethebodywhilethedefensiveqid
1.氣血津液都是維持人體生命活動(dòng)的基本物質(zhì)。Qi,bloodandbodyfluidarethebasicsubstanceformaintaininglifeactivities.
2.從由于氣性動(dòng)而屬陽(yáng)，血性靜兒屬陰，所以氣與血的關(guān)系可以從陰陽(yáng)的相互關(guān)系來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)。Sinceqipertaintoyangbecauseitisactiveinnaturewhilethebloodpertainstoyinbecauseitisstaticinnature,therelationshipbetweenqiandbloodcanbeunderstoodaccordingtotherelationshipbetweenYinandYang.
3.血液的化生過(guò)程依賴于多個(gè)臟腑的氣化作用。
Theproductionofblooddependsontheqitransformingactivitiesofseveralviscera.
4.氣攝血是指通過(guò)氣的攝納、統(tǒng)管等作用，使血液不致溢出脈外。
Theideathatqicommandsthebloodmeansthatqigovernsthebloodandkeepsittoflowinsidetheviscera.
5.血和津液在生理上具有非常密切的相互依存、相互轉(zhuǎn)化的關(guān)系，在病理上也常相互影響。Thebloodandbodyfluiddependoneachotherandtransformintoeachotherphysiologicallyandinfluenceeachotherpathologically.
6.血和津液均為液態(tài)物質(zhì)，都有營(yíng)養(yǎng)和滋潤(rùn)作用，與氣相對(duì)而言，兩者都屬陰。
Boththebloodandbodyfluid,pertainingtoyininnatureascomparedwithqi,areliquidsubstancethatnourishandmoistenthebody.
7.在生產(chǎn)津液的過(guò)程中，脾胃之氣起著決定性的作用。
Thespleenandstomachplayanimportantroleintheproductionofbodyfluid.
8.血液是由津液和營(yíng)氣兩部分所組成，故津液在脈內(nèi)是血液的重要組成部分。
Thebloodiscomposedoffluidandnutritiveqi.Thatiswhyfluidisanimportantoftheblood.
9.在氣的推動(dòng)和氣化作用下，津液的代謝表現(xiàn)為開和合兩種方式。
Themetabolismofbodyfluidischaracterizedbyopeningandclosingactivitiesunderthepromotionandtransformationofqi.
10.人體排泄水液的途徑主要是尿與汗。Thebodydischargesfluidthroughurinationandsweating.
11.津液能化生氣，與血生氣的機(jī)制是基本一致的。
Thebodyfluidtransformsintoqi,themechanismofwhichisthesameasthatofthebloodingeneratingqi.
12.在病理情況下，津液大量耗損，脈內(nèi)的津液過(guò)多的滲出脈外，會(huì)導(dǎo)致血脈空虛。
Pathologicallyexcessiveconsumptionofbodyfluidandprofusefluidoozingfromthevesselswillleadtoemptineofthevessels.
13.血虛之人，津液不充足，不宜發(fā)汗療法，出汗多則津液耗損更加嚴(yán)重。Sweatingtherapycannotbeusedtotreatpatientswithdeficiencyofbloodandinsufficiencyofbodyfluidbecauseprofusesweatingwillfurtherconsumebodyfluid.
14.血與津液之間不但存在著相互依存相互轉(zhuǎn)化的關(guān)系，而且他們的生成來(lái)源也相同，均是源于水谷精微。
Thebloodandbodyfluidnotonlydependoneachotherandtransformintoeachotherbutalsosharethesamesourceofproduction.Thatistosaythattheyallcomefromthenutrientsofwaterandfood.
15.津液的代謝過(guò)程完全依賴于氣的推動(dòng)，氣化作用。Metabolismoffluiddependsonqitopromoteandtransform
16.氣的充足與否，氣機(jī)是否調(diào)暢，都會(huì)影響津液的運(yùn)行。Thestateandflowofqiinfluencethemovementofbodyfluid.
17.在臨床治療血虛的病人時(shí)，常常配合應(yīng)用補(bǔ)氣藥以提高療效。
Clinicallyherbsforsupplementingqiareoftenusedtogetherwithotheronestotreatpatientswithblooddeficiency.
18.津液的生成、輸布和排泄都離不開肺、脾、腎、三焦、膀胱等臟腑的氣化功能。
Theproduction,distributionanddischargeofbodyfluiddependonthelung,spleen,kidneyandtripleenergizertotransformqi.
19.如果氣虛不能固攝津液，可導(dǎo)致尿與汗的異常排出，如小便多，小便失禁、遺尿、多汗。Ifqifailstocommandbodyfluidbecauseofdeficiency,itwillleadtoabnormaldischargeofurineandsweatingwiththemanifestationsofincontinenceofurine,enuresisandprofusesweating,etc.
20.氣能生血。行血、攝血，故稱“氣為血之帥”。Qicanpromotetheproductionandflowofthebloodandcommandtheblood,Thatiswhyitissaidthat“qiisthecommanderoftheblood”1.經(jīng)絡(luò)是運(yùn)行全身氣血的通道。Meridiansarethepathwaysforqitocirculateinthewholebody.
2.經(jīng)絡(luò)是經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的主干，大多循環(huán)于深部；而經(jīng)絡(luò)是經(jīng)脈的分支，循環(huán)于較淺的部位，有的經(jīng)脈還顯現(xiàn)于體表。
Themeridians,whicharethemajortrunksinthesystemofmeridiansandcollaterals,mainlyruninthedeepregionsofthebody.Thecollaterals,whicharethebranchesofthemeridians,runintheshallowregionsofthebodyorjustbeneaththeskin.
3.十二經(jīng)脈有一定的起止，一定的循環(huán)部位和交接順序，在肢體的分布有一定的規(guī)律，同體內(nèi)臟腑有直接的脈屬關(guān)系。
Thetwelveregularmeridiansstartfromandendatcertainpoints,runthroughoralongcertainregions,followcertainorderstoconnectwitheachotherdistributeinthelimbswithrulesandaredirectlyassociatedwiththeinternalorgans.
4.奇經(jīng)八脈總共有八條，即督脈、任脈、沖脈、帶脈、陰蹻、陽(yáng)蹻、陰維、陽(yáng)維。Theeightextraordinaryvesselsincludethegovernorvessel,conceptionvessel,thoroughfarevessel,beltvessel,yinheelvessel,yangheelvessel,yinlinkvesselandyanglinkvessel.
5.十二經(jīng)別是從十二經(jīng)脈別出的經(jīng)脈，它們分別起自四肢，循環(huán)于體腔臟腑深部，上出于頸項(xiàng)淺部。
Thetwelvebranchesofmeridians,whichstemfromthetwelveregularmeridians,startfromthe
fourlimbs,rundeepinthevisceraandemergefromtheshallowregionoftheneck,
6.陽(yáng)經(jīng)的經(jīng)別從本經(jīng)別出而循環(huán)體內(nèi)后，仍回到本經(jīng)；陰經(jīng)的經(jīng)別從本經(jīng)別出而循環(huán)于體內(nèi)后，卻與相表里的陽(yáng)經(jīng)相合。
Thebranchesoftheyangmeridiansstemfromthemeridiansproperruninsidethebodyandfinallymergeintothemeridiansproper.Thebranchesoftheyinmeridiansstemfromthemeridiansproper,runinsidethebodyandmergeintotheyangmeridiansthatareinternallyandexternallyrelatedtotheyinmeridians.
7.經(jīng)絡(luò)可分為三類，即別絡(luò)、浮絡(luò)和孫絡(luò)。
Collateralscanbedividedintothreecategories,iedivergentcollaterals,superficialcollateralsandminutecollaterals.
8.孫絡(luò)是人體最細(xì)小的經(jīng)脈，這就是為什么中醫(yī)將其稱為“孫絡(luò)”
Theminutecollateralsarethesmallestcollaterals.Thatiswhytheyareliterallycalledgrandson-collaterals.
9.根據(jù)經(jīng)絡(luò)學(xué)說(shuō)，經(jīng)筋是十二經(jīng)脈之氣“結(jié)、聚、散、絡(luò)”于筋肉、關(guān)節(jié)的體系。
Accordingtothetheoryofmeridians,tendonsofmeridianswhereqiofthemeridiansstays,accumulates,dissipatesandassociateswithotherpartsofthebodyinthemusculatureandjoints.
10.同樣的，當(dāng)臟腑發(fā)生病變時(shí)，也會(huì)通過(guò)經(jīng)脈反應(yīng)于體表。
Similarlypathologicalchangesofthevisceracanmanifestoverthesurfaceofthebodythroughmeridians.
11.<<素問(wèn)說(shuō)>>：“肝病者，兩肋下痛，引少腹-----肺病者，喘咳逆氣肩背痛。”
Theplainconversationsays“theliverdiseaseischaracterizedbyhypochondriacpaininvolvingthelowerabdomen……andlungdiseaseischaracterizedbypanting,cough,adverseflowofqiandpainintheshouldersandback.”
12.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，肺經(jīng)喘咳則兼肺脹、胸悶、缺盆中痛等；而腎經(jīng)咳喘則往往心懸若饑善恐等癥相伴出現(xiàn)。
Generallyspeaking,coughduetodisorderofthelungmeridianisaccompaniedbylungdistension,chestoppressionandpaininthesuperclavicularfossa;coughduetodisorderofthekidneymeridianisoftenaccompaniedbythrobbingsensationintheheartlikebeinghungerandfrequentfear.
13.經(jīng)絡(luò)學(xué)說(shuō)是研究人體經(jīng)絡(luò)的生理功能，病理變化及其臟腑相互關(guān)系的學(xué)說(shuō)。Thetheoryofmeridiansstudiesthephysiologicalfunctionsandpathologicalchangesofmeridiansandtheirrelationshipswiththeviscera.
14.十二經(jīng)別的作用主要是加強(qiáng)十二經(jīng)脈中子相為表里的兩經(jīng)之間的聯(lián)系。Themainphysiologicalfunctionofthetwelvemeridiansistostrengthenrelationshipbetweenthetwomeridiansthatareinternallyandexternallyrelatedtoeachother.
15.全身的皮膚是十二經(jīng)脈的功能活動(dòng)反應(yīng)于體表的部位。
Theskinofthewholebodyistheregionoverwhichthefunctionalactivitiesofthetwelvemeridiansaremanifested.
16.由于手三陽(yáng)經(jīng)與足三陽(yáng)經(jīng)在頭部交接，所以說(shuō)’頭為諸陽(yáng)之會(huì)”。Sincethethreeyangmeridiansofhandandthethreeyangmeridiansoffootareconnectedwitheachotheroverthehead.Theheadistheplacewhereallkindsofyangmeet.
17.在治療上，像為表里的兩條經(jīng)脈的腧穴可交叉使用。
Therapeutically,theacupiontslocatedinthemeridiansthatareinternallyandexternallyrelatedtoeachothercanbeusedalternately.
18.經(jīng)絡(luò)中的氣血運(yùn)行是循環(huán)貫注，如環(huán)無(wú)端。Qiandbloodinthemeridianscirculateincycles.
19.在發(fā)生疾病時(shí)，經(jīng)絡(luò)就成為傳遞病邪和反映病變的途徑。
Underpathologicalcondition,meridiansbecomethepathwaysthattransmitpathogenicfactorsandmanifestpathologicalchanges,.
20.臨床上將疾病癥狀出現(xiàn)的部位，結(jié)合經(jīng)絡(luò)循環(huán)的部位和所聯(lián)系的臟腑，作為疾病診斷的依據(jù)。
Clinicallytheplaceswheresymptomsmanifestandtheregionsthroughoralongwhichthemeridiansrunandassociatewiththevisceraaretakeastheevidencesfordiagnosingdiseases.
中醫(yī)英語(yǔ)課后句子翻譯2(含中文lesson11-21)
中醫(yī)英語(yǔ)課后句子翻譯2（含中文lesson11-lesson21）1.破壞人體相對(duì)平衡狀態(tài)而引起的疾病的原因就是病因。
Etiologyreferstothecauseofdiseasesresultingfromimbalance(betweenyinandyang)withinthebody.
2.六淫是風(fēng)、寒、署、濕、燥、火六種外感病邪的總稱。
Thesixpathogenicfactorsareacollectivetermforexogenouspathogenicwind,cold,summer-heat,dampness,dryness,andfire.
3.風(fēng)邪外襲多自皮毛肌肉而入，從而產(chǎn)生外風(fēng)病癥。
Exogenouspathogenicwindinvadesthebodythroughtheskin,hairandmuscles,producingsyndromeofexogenouswind.
4.由風(fēng)邪引起的外感疾病一般多發(fā)病急，傳病快。
Theexogenousdiseasescausedpathogenicwindarecharacterizedbysuddenonsetandrapidtransmission.
5.寒邪傷于肌表，郁遏衛(wèi)陽(yáng)，稱為“傷寒”
Pathogeniccoldattackstheskinandmusclesandleadtothestagnationofdefensive-yang,whichiscalled“colddamage”
6.內(nèi)寒則是集體陽(yáng)氣不足，失卻溫煦的病理反應(yīng)。
Endogenouscoldisapathologicalmanifestationofinsufficientyangqifailingtowarmthebody.
7.暑邪傷人多出現(xiàn)一系列陽(yáng)熱癥狀，如壯熱、心煩、面赤、脈洪大等。Theattackofpathogenicsummer-heatonthebodyusuallyleadstoaseriesofyangsymptoms,suchashighfever,palpitation,flushedcheeksandfullpulse.
8.暑邪為病常兼浹濕邪侵襲人體所致。Pathogenicsummer-heatusuallyaccompaniespathogenicdampnetoinvadethebody.
9.外濕多由氣候潮濕，或涉水淋雨，居處潮濕等所在濕邪侵襲人體所致。Endogenousdampneisprimarilycausedbysuchexternalpathogenicfactorsashumidclimate,moistlocationanddrenchingorwading.
10.內(nèi)濕則是由于脾失健運(yùn)，水濕停聚所形成的病理狀態(tài)。
Endogenousdampneisamorbidstateduetodysfunctionofthespleenandretentionofwaterandfluid.
11.外感燥邪最易耗傷人體的津液，造成陰津虧虛的病變。
Attackofexogenousdryneonthebodytendstoconsumebodyfluidandleadstodeficiencyofyin-fluid.
12.燥邪傷人多從口鼻而入，故最易損傷肺津。
Pathogenicdrynetendstoattackthebodythroughthemouthandnose,soitisliabletodamagelungfluid.
13.火熱之邪最易迫津外泄，耗傷人體陰液。Pathogenicfire-heattendstoconsumethebodyfluidandleadstodeficiencyofit.
14.癘氣是一類具有強(qiáng)烈傳染性的病邪，具有發(fā)病急驟、病情較重、傳染性強(qiáng)、易于流行等特點(diǎn)。Pestilenceisakindofhighlycontagiouspathogenicfactors,characterizedbysuddenonset,severeconditions,fulminatinginfectionandwidespreadtransmission.
15.七情內(nèi)傷直接影響相應(yīng)的內(nèi)臟，使臟腑氣機(jī)逆亂，氣血失調(diào)，導(dǎo)致種種疾病的發(fā)生。Thesevenabnormalemotionsoftendirectlyimpairtheirrelatedinternalorgans,leadingtodisorderofvisceraqi,disharmonybetweenqiandblood,andconsequentlybringingondiseases.
16.飲食不節(jié)主要是損傷脾胃，導(dǎo)致脾胃功能失調(diào)。
Improperdietmainlyimpairsthespleenandstomach,leadingtodysfunctionofthem.
17.勞力過(guò)度則傷氣，久之則氣少力衰，神疲消弱。
Overstrainwillimpairqi,andeventuallyleadtodeficiencyofqi,fatigueandweakconstitution.
18.痰和飲都是水液代謝障礙所形成的病理產(chǎn)物。
Phlegmandfluidarebothpathologicalsubstancescausedbyretentionofwaterandfluid.
19.瘀血的病癥特點(diǎn)因瘀阻的部位和形成瘀血的原因不同而異。
Thediseasescausedbybloodstasisvaryaccordingtothelocationandcauseofthestasis.
20.瘀血所致的疼痛多為刺痛，痛處固定不移，拒按，夜間痛甚。
Paincausedbybloodstasisisusuallymarkedbystabbing,fixedandunpalpablepainthatworsensinthenight.
1.許多疾病的過(guò)程也就是邪正斗爭(zhēng)及其盛衰變化的過(guò)程。
Thecourseofmanydiseaseisaproceofcombatbetweenandhealthqiastheebbandflowoftheirstrengths
2.邪氣正則實(shí)，精氣奪則虛。Predominanceofpathogenicfactorsleadstoexcewhiledepletionofessenceresultsindeficiency.
3．正盛邪退，疾病趨向好轉(zhuǎn)和痊愈
Healthyqitriumphsoverpathogenicfactors,leadingtoimprovementoforrecoveryfromanillness.
4．陽(yáng)虛是指機(jī)體陽(yáng)氣虛耗，功能減退或衰弱，熱量不足的病理狀態(tài)。
Yangdeficiencyreferstothemorbidstatesofinsufficientorhypofunctionalyangqifailingtowarmthebody.
5．陰虛是指機(jī)體精、血、津液等物質(zhì)虧耗等導(dǎo)致陽(yáng)相對(duì)亢盛的病理狀態(tài)。
Yindeficiencyreferstothemorbidstatesofdepletedessence,bloodandfluidleadingtorelativehyperactivityofyang.
6．陰陽(yáng)亡失指機(jī)體的陰液和陽(yáng)氣突然大量的亡失，導(dǎo)致生命垂危的一種病理狀態(tài)。Loofyinoryangreferstothecriticalstateofsudden,profuseloofyin-fluidoryang-qi.
7、氣的失常包括氣的生化不足或耗損太過(guò)致的不足，氣的某些功能減退以及氣的運(yùn)動(dòng)失常等。Thedisordersofqiincludeinsufficientproductionofqi,excessivedepletionofqi,hypofunctionofqiandabnormalmovementsofqi.
8．氣滯于某一局部可以出現(xiàn)漲滿、疼痛、甚至引起血瘀、水停，形成瘀血、痰飲等病理狀態(tài)。Thetopicalstagnationofqimayleadtosuchsymptomsasdistension,pain,orevenbloodstasisandretentionofwater,fluid,orphlegm.
9．氣逆指氣機(jī)升降失調(diào)，臟腑之氣逆上的病理狀態(tài)。
Qiadversenereferstothemorbidstateofabnormalascendinganddescendingofqiandadverse,upwardflowofvisceralqi.
10、血虛指血液不足和血的儒養(yǎng)功能減退的病理變化。
Blooddeficiencyreferstothemorbidstateofslowinsufficientbloodfailingtonourishthebody.
11、血瘀指血液的循環(huán)遲緩和不流暢的病理狀態(tài)。Bloodstasisreferstothemorbidstateofslowandunsmoothflowofblood.
12、血熱指血分有熱，血行加速的病理狀態(tài)。Bloodheatreferstothemorbidstateofheatinthebloodhasteningthebloodflow.
13、氣滯血瘀是由于氣的運(yùn)行不暢而導(dǎo)致的血運(yùn)障礙。
Bloodstasisduetoqistagnationmeansthattheunsmoothflowofqileadstodisturbanceofbloodcirculation.
14、津傷乃傷陰脫液之漸，脫液乃津液干涸之甚。
Impairmentofthin-fluidoftendevelopstodepletionofthick-fluid,anddepletionofthick-fluidisaresultofinsufficientthin-fluid.
15、津停氣滯指津液代謝障礙，水濕痰飲潴留而導(dǎo)致氣機(jī)阻滯的病理狀態(tài)。Qistagnationduetofluidretentionreferstothemorbidstateofdisturbanceoffluidmetabolismandretentionofwater,dampness,phlegmandfluidleadtostagnationofqi.
16、風(fēng)氣內(nèi)動(dòng)是體內(nèi)陽(yáng)氣亢逆變動(dòng)而形成的一種病理狀態(tài)。
Stirringofendogenouswindreferstoamorbidstateduetohyperactivityofyangqiwithinthebody.
17、內(nèi)生之濕多因脾虛，故又稱脾虛生濕。
Endogenousdampneismostlycausedbydeficiencyofthespleen,soitisalsocalled“dampneduetospleendeficiency”.
18、內(nèi)燥病變可發(fā)生于各臟腑組織，以肺、胃及大腸多見。
Endogenousdrynecanbemanifestedinanyorgansortissues,especiallythelung,stomachandlargeintestine.
19、肺臟陰虛津虧久延不復(fù)�？蓳p及腎，而導(dǎo)致肺腎陰虛。Theprolongeddeficiencyofyin-fluidofthelungofteninvolvesthekidneyandresultsinsimultaneousdeficiencyofthelung-yinandkidney-yin.
20、膀胱不利為癃，不約為遺尿。
Theobstructionoftheurinarybladderiscalled“uroschesis”andtheincontinenceofurineiscalled“enuresis”.
1.望診指醫(yī)生運(yùn)用視覺(jué)觀察患者全身和局部的神色形態(tài)的變化。
Inspectionisadiagnosticmethodofobservinggeneraloflocalchangesofspirit,complexionandphysicalconditions.
2.問(wèn)診指憑聽覺(jué)和嗅覺(jué)以辨認(rèn)患者的聲音和氣味的變化。Thelistening-smellingmethodreferstoanapproachtodiagnosisbylisteningtothevoicesofthepatientsandsmellingtheodorsemittedfromthepatients.
3.問(wèn)診指仔細(xì)詢問(wèn)或陪診者以了解疾病發(fā)生、發(fā)展的過(guò)程、現(xiàn)在癥狀及其與疾病有關(guān)的情況。
Inquiryisadiagnosticmethodusedtounderstandtheoccurrence,development,presentsubjectivesymptomsandotherthingsconcerningthediseasesbyaskingthepatientstheircompanions.
4.切診指切按患者脈搏和安撫患者的脘腹、手足及其他部位。Pulse-takingandpalpitationrefertothediagnosticmethodoffeelingthepulseandpalpatingthestomachandabdomen,footandhandaswellasotherregionsofthepatients.
5.局部病變可以影響及全身、內(nèi)臟的病變，可以從各個(gè)方面反映出來(lái)。
Localpathologicalchangesmayinvolvethewholebodyandtheviscera,whichcanbemanifestedinvariousaspects.
6.四診的方法是在長(zhǎng)期的醫(yī)療實(shí)踐中逐步形成和發(fā)展起來(lái)的。
Thefourdiagnosticmethodsweredevelopedgraduallyinthelong-termmedicalpractice.
7.得神是精充氣足神旺的表現(xiàn)�！癢ithspirit”isamanifestationofsufficientessence,abundantqi,andfullvitality.
8.失神是精損氣耗神衰的表現(xiàn)�！癢ithoutspirit”isamanifestationofimpairedessence,deficientqi,anddispiritedness.
9.假神是垂�；颊叱霈F(xiàn)精神暫時(shí)好轉(zhuǎn)的假象。
“Falsespirit“isafalsemanifestationoftemporaryvitalityduringthecriticalstageofadisease,
10.常色指人體在正常狀態(tài)下的面色色澤。Normalcomplexionreferstothefacialcolorsunderphysiologicalconditions.
11.青色主寒癥、痛癥、瘀血和驚風(fēng)。Bluishcolorindicatescoldsyndrome,painsyndrome,bloodstasisandinfantileconvulsion.
12.望形態(tài)可以預(yù)知臟腑氣血的盛衰、陰陽(yáng)邪正的消長(zhǎng)、以及病勢(shì)的順逆和邪氣之所在。Inspectionofphysicalconditionscanprovideinformationaboutthestateofvisceralqiandblood,strengthcontractbetweenyinandyangorpathogenicfactorsandhealthyqi,aswellasprognosisandlocationofthedisease.
13.嘔吐時(shí)胃氣上逆所致。Vomitingiscausedbyadverserisingofstomachqi.
14.胖大舌多因水濕痰飲阻滯所致。Bulgytongueisusuallycausedbyretentionofwater,dampness,phlegmandfluid.
15.光面舌主要是由于胃陰枯竭、胃氣大傷所致。
Mirror-liketongueisprimarilycausedbydepletionofstomachyinandimpairmentofstomachqi.
16.黃苔一般主里征、熱證，由熱邪熏灼所致。
Yellowtonguecoatingiscausedbyfumigationofpathogenicheatandusuallyindicatesinteriorsyndromesandheatsyndrome.
17.膩苔多是濕濁內(nèi)蘊(yùn)，陽(yáng)氣所遏所致。Greasytonguecoatingusuallycausedbyinterioraccumulatingofdamp-turbidityandstagnationofyangqimainlyindicatesretentionofphlegm-fluiddamp-turbidityfood,damp-heatandobstinatephlegm,etc.
18.切診包括脈診和按診兩部分。Pressingdiagnosisincludespulse-takingandpalpitation.
19.疾病反映于脈象的變化叫做病脈。Thevariationofpulsethatreflectsthestateofadiseaseis
knownasmorbidpulse.
20.在臨床應(yīng)用中，只有四診合參才能得到正確的診斷。
Clinically,onlycombineduseofthefourdiagnosticmethodscanenableonetoperformthecorrectdiagnosis.
1.脈診是中醫(yī)的一種非常神奇而典型的診法。Pulse-takingisamiraculousandtypicalChinesediagnosticmethod.
2.脈診非常復(fù)雜，形成一個(gè)獨(dú)特的診法體系。Pulse-takingissocomplicatedthatithasdevelopedintoauniquediagnosticsystem,.
3.脈分為三個(gè)部分，即寸、關(guān)、尺。Thepulseiddividedintothreepartsknownascun,guanandchi,
4.診脈的最佳時(shí)間是清晨太陽(yáng)升起的時(shí)候。Theoptimaltimeofpulse–takingisinthemorningwhenthesunrises.
5.診脈時(shí)患者應(yīng)該放松，呼吸平穩(wěn)，情緒穩(wěn)定。
Duringpulse–takingthepatientsshouldrelaxhimself,breathenaturally,andkeepincalm.
6.診脈時(shí)，大幅應(yīng)該冷靜，注意力集中，呼吸平穩(wěn)。
Whentakingpulse,thedoctorshouldkeepincalm,breathenaturally,andfocusonthewholeprocess.
7.一種或幾種脈象就可揭示一種典型的疾玻Oneorseveralpulsemanifestationswouldrevealatypicaldisease.
8.浮脈屬陽(yáng)，往往表示外感六淫所指之疾。
Thefloatingpulsepertainstoyangandcommonlyindicatesdiseasescausedbyinvasionofthesixexogenouspathogenicfactors.
9.脈象浮儒，表明有中暑。Afloating–soggypulseindicatessunstroke.
10.脈象浮芤，表明有出血。Afloating–hollowpulseindicatesbleeding.
11.沉脈屬陰，表明有七情內(nèi)傷。Thesunkenpulsepertainstoyinandindicatesinternaldamageduetothesevenabnormalemotions.
12.脈象沉滑，表明有消化不良。Asunken-slipperypulseindicatesindigestion.
13.中醫(yī)主要依靠脈診診斷疾病，并且認(rèn)為分析脈象能夠預(yù)測(cè)疾玻TraditionalChinesemedicinereliesonpulsetakingtodiagnosediseases,anditholdsthattheanalysisofpulsemanifestationscanpredicttheoccurrenceofdisease.
14.支氣管疾病的脈象浮小，說(shuō)明容易治愈。
Ifthepulsemanifestationinbronchusdiseasesisfloatingandsmallitwillbeeasilycured.
15.有出血時(shí)，脈象芤、孝緩，預(yù)后良好。
Ifhollow,smallandslowpulsemanifestationduringbleeding,theprognosiswillbefavorable.
16.患者若有雀啄或屋漏脈象，說(shuō)明病情危重。Sparrow-peckingpulseandroof-leakingpulseindicateunfavorableprognosis.
17.魚翔脈和蝦游脈象征患者生命垂危。
Fish-swimmingpulseandshrimp-dartingpulseindicatethatthepatientisincriticalcondition.
18.脈象的季節(jié)性特點(diǎn)為春弦、夏洪、秋毛、冬石。Theseasonalcharacteristicsofpulsemanifestationarewiryinspring,surginginsummer,floatinginautumn,andsunkeninwinter.
19.胖人的脈象特點(diǎn)是沉急。Thepulsecharacteristicsofover-weightedpeoplearesunkenandhastening.
20.嬰兒脈象數(shù)，一息七至。Thepulsemanifestationofinfantischaracterizedbyrapidityandtherearesevenbeatsinonerespiration.
1.疾病的表現(xiàn)盡管極其復(fù)雜，但基本上都可用八剛加以歸納。
Themanifestationsofdiseases,thoughcomplicated,canbegeneralizedintopatternsinthelightoftheeightprinciples.
2.運(yùn)用八綱辨證就能將錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的臨床表現(xiàn)歸納為表里、寒熱、虛實(shí)、陰陽(yáng)四對(duì)綱領(lǐng)性癥候。
Inthelightoftheeightprinciples,thecomplicatedclinicalmanifestationcanbegeneralizedintofourpairsofpatterns:exteriorandinterior,coldandheat,deficiencyandexce,yinandyang.
3.表里是辨別疾病病位內(nèi)外和病勢(shì)的兩個(gè)綱領(lǐng)。
Theexteriorandinterioraretwoprinciplesusedtodifferentiatethelocationandseverityofdiseases.
4.表征病淺而輕，里證病深而重。Exteriorsyndromeindicatesthatthediseaseisshallowinlocationandmildinseverity,whileinteriorsyndromeshowsthatthediseaseisdeepinlocationandseriousinseverity.
5.表邪入里為病進(jìn)，里邪出表為病退。Interiorpenetrationofexogenouspathogenicfactorsindicatesprogreofthediseasewhileexteriorregressionofendogenouspathogenicfactorssuggestswithdrawalofthedisease.
6.表征和里證同時(shí)出現(xiàn)成為表里同玻Thesimultaneousmanifestationofexteriorsyndromeandinteriorsyndromeisknownas“diseaseinvolvingbothexteriorandinterior“
7.寒征是感受寒邪或陰盛陽(yáng)虛所表現(xiàn)的癥候。
coldsyndromeisusuallycausedbycoldattackorpredominanceofyinanddeclineofyang.
8.熱證是感受熱邪或陽(yáng)盛陰虛，人體的功能活動(dòng)亢進(jìn)所表現(xiàn)的癥候。Heatsyndrome,characterizedbyhyperactivityofphysicalfunctions,isusuallycausedbyinvasionofpathogenicheatorpredominanceofyanganddecline.
9.熱證轉(zhuǎn)化為寒邪所屬邪盛陰虛，正不勝邪所致。
Thetransformationofheatsyndromeintocold“syndromeisareflectionofpathogenicfactorstriumphingoverhealthyqi“
10.表寒證是寒邪侵襲肌表所表現(xiàn)的征候。Exteriorcoldsyndromeiscausedbyinvasionofpathogeniccoldintothesuperfices.
11.里寒征是寒邪直中臟腑，或陽(yáng)氣虛衰所表現(xiàn)的征候。
Interiorcoldsyndromeiscausedbydirectattackofpathogeniccoldonthevisceraorbydeclineofyangqi.
12.里熱證多為外邪傳里化熱或熱邪直中臟腑致里熱熾盛所表現(xiàn)的證候。
Interiorheatsyndromeiscausedbyinvasionofexogenouspathogenicfactorsthattransformintoheatintheinterior,orbydirectattackofpathogenicheatontheviscerathatmakestheinteriorheatbecomeexuberant.
13.虛證是對(duì)人體正氣虛弱等各種臨床表現(xiàn)的病理概括。
Deficiencysyndromeisageneralizationofvariouspathologicalmanifestationsduetodeficiencyofhealthyqi.
14.實(shí)證是對(duì)人體感受外邪或體內(nèi)病理產(chǎn)物蓄積而產(chǎn)生的各種臨床表現(xiàn)的病理概括。Excesyndromeisageneralizationofvariouspathologicalmanifestationscausedbyexogenouspathogenicfactorsoraccumulationofpathologicalsubstancesinthebody.
15.陽(yáng)氣有余為身熱無(wú)汗陰氣有余為多汗身寒。
Exceofyangqileadstofeverwithsweatingwhileexceofyinqiresultsincoldsensationwithoutsweating.
16.真陰不足與真陽(yáng)不足就是腎陰不足和腎陽(yáng)不足。Deficiencyofgenuineyinoryangreferstoinsufficiencyofkidneyyinoryang.
17.亡陰與亡陽(yáng)一般是在高熱大汗或發(fā)汗太過(guò)或吐瀉過(guò)度或失血過(guò)多的情況下會(huì)出現(xiàn)。Loofyinoryangisusuallycausedbyhighfeverwithprofusesweating,over-diaphoresis,excessivevomitinganddiarrhea,ormassivebleeding.
18.脈浮主表證脈沉主里正。Floatingpulseindicatesexteriorsyndromewhilesunkenpulseshowsinteriorsyndrome.
19.熱結(jié)腸胃則腹脹滿痛拒按大便秘結(jié)。
Retentionofheatintheintestineandstomachismarkedbyconstipationorunpalpableabdominaldistension,fullneandpain.
20.表證舌苔少變化里證舌苔多變化。
Manifestationsoftonguecoatingrarelychangeinexteriorsyndromewhileconstantlychangeininteriorsyndrome.
1.植物藥根據(jù)入藥部分的不同，采集季節(jié)和方法也不同。
Theseasonsandmethodsofcollectingherbsvarywiththepartsusedformedicinalpurposeoftheherbalplants.
2.炮制是將采集來(lái)的原藥用水、火、酒和醋等加以處理。
Processingofherbsreferstothepreparationofcrudeherbswithwater,fire,alcohol/wineandvinegar.
3.炮制的目的是清除雜質(zhì)，使藥物清潔，便于服用和保存。Theaimofprocessingistogetrid
of/eliminate/removeimpurityandmaketheherbscleanfortheconvenienceoforaltaking/administrationandstorage.
4.炮制也可減輕藥物的毒性、烈性和副作用，增強(qiáng)療效。Theprocessingofherbscanreduce
thetoxicity，intensityandside-effectsofherbsandreinforcethecurativeeffect.
5.寒性藥物具有清熱、瀉火、解毒的作用。Cold-naturedherbshavethefunctionofclearing
awayheat,purgingfire,andremovingtoxins/detoxification.
6.涼性藥物的作用與寒性藥物相同，但較為和緩。Cool-naturedherbshavethesamefunction
withcold-naturedherbsexceptthattheformerismilder.
7.熱性藥物具有祛寒、溫里、助陽(yáng)的作用。Hot-naturedherbshavethefunctionofexpelling
coldness,warmingtheinteriorandinvigoratingyang.
8.介于溫涼之間的藥物為平性藥。Mild-natured/Neutralherbsfallinbetweencool-natured
herbsandwarm-naturedherbs.
9.辛味藥多有發(fā)散和行氣血的作用。Herbspungentinflavorhavethefunctionofdispersing
andpromotingqiflowandbloodcirculation.
10.甘味藥有補(bǔ)養(yǎng)及和緩的作用。Herbssweetinflavorhavethefunctionoftonifying,
harmonizingandmoderating.
11.酸味藥有收斂固澀的作用。Herbssourinflavorhavethefunctionofastringingand
controlling.
12.苦味藥有燥濕和瀉下的作用。Herbsbitterinflavorhavethefunctionofdryingdampness
andpromotingdefecation.
13.咸味藥有軟堅(jiān)潤(rùn)下的作用。Herbssaltyinflavorhavethefunctionofsofteninghardnefor
lubricantdefecation.
14.藥物的作用趨向有升降浮沉之別。Thefunctionaltendenciesofherbsaremarkedby
ascending,descending,sinkingandfloating.
15.所謂歸經(jīng)，是指某種藥物對(duì)于人體某些臟腑經(jīng)絡(luò)的病起著主要作用的一種歸納方法。
Meridiantropismmeansthatcertainherbsplayacentralroleintreatingcertaindisordersofthevisceraandmeridians.
16.除少數(shù)藥單獨(dú)使用外，多數(shù)都是配合起來(lái)使用的。Mostherbshavetobeusedin
combinationexceptafewspecialonesusedsingularly/inasingleway.
17.配合適當(dāng)可以加強(qiáng)藥效，或監(jiān)制毒性。Propercombinationofherbscanreinforcethe
curativeeffectsorreducetoxicity.
18.毒性劇烈的藥物用量過(guò)多就會(huì)發(fā)生副作用或中毒。Overuseofherbswithacute/strong
toxicitywillcauseside-effectsorintoxication.
19.妊娠期間使用中藥，應(yīng)注意藥物的禁忌。Specialattentionsshouldbepaidtothe
contraindicationofherbsformedicationingestationalperiod.
20.單味藥用量宜重，復(fù)方配伍，用量宜輕。Thedosageofasingularly-appliedherbshouldbe
largewhilethedosageofherbsinacompoundprescriptionshouldbesmall.
1.方劑學(xué)是研究藥物的配伍關(guān)系、組成規(guī)律、臨床應(yīng)用和復(fù)方藥理的一門科學(xué)。Thescience
ofprescriptionaimstostudythecompatibility,formulatingrule,andclinicalapplicationofdifferentherbsinaprescriptionaswellasthepharmacologyofcompoundprescription.
2.藥物的加減變化就是通過(guò)藥物的增減，改變其配伍關(guān)系，使之成為另一方劑。Modification
ofherbsreferstothechangesofprescriptioneffectbyaddingordeducting/subtractingoneor
severalherbs,orbychangingthecompatibilityofdifferentherbsinaprescription.
3.方劑組成發(fā)生變化后，其功用和主治也發(fā)生變化。Thefunctionandindicationofa
prescriptionvarywiththemodificationofherbsintheprescription.
4.麻黃與石膏配伍，重在清散郁熱。Thecompatibility/combinationofMahuangandShigao
aimstoclearawayanddispersestagnatedheat.
5.在主證不變的情況下，可隨著癥狀的變化加入或減少某些藥物以適應(yīng)當(dāng)前的病情。Under
thecircumstancesofunchangedmainsyndrome,oneorseveralherbscouldbeaddedordeductedaccordingtothechangesofsymptoms.
6.方劑的組成有一定的原則，而方劑的運(yùn)用卻極為靈活。Thoughtherearecertainrulesfor
theformulationofprescriptions,theapplicationoftheprescriptionsisveryflexible.
7.湯劑的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是煎出的有效成分在服用后易于吸收。Theadvantageofdecoctionisthatthe
effectiveelementscanbeeasilyabsorbedafterbeingtaken.
8.凡發(fā)汗解表的藥物不宜久煎，因?yàn)檫@些藥物的主要成分為揮發(fā)油。Herbswiththefunction
ofpromotingsweatingtorelievetheexteriorsyndromearenotsuitableforlong-termdecoctionbecausethemainsubstancesoftheseherbsarevolatileoil.
9.有些新鮮藥物可采用搗汁服的方法。Forsomefreshherbs,theyareusuallytakenby
extractingjuice.
10.丸劑因其吸收較慢故多用于慢性玻Pillsarecommonlyusedinchronicdiseasesbecause
theyareslowinabsorption.
11.外用散劑是將藥物研成細(xì)末，撒布或調(diào)敷患處，作為局部治療用。Thepowdersforexternal
application,madebygrindingmedicinalherbsintominutesubstances,areoftenspreadorpastedonaffectedareasofthebodyfortopicaltreatment.
12.藥酒一般能活血通絡(luò)、祛風(fēng)止痛，大多用于風(fēng)濕痛、扭傷疼痛等。Medicatedwinecan
generallyactivatebloodtodredgecollateralsandexpelwindtostoppain,soitisoftenusedtotreatrheumatalgiaorpainsduetosprain,etc.
13.凡是以辛散發(fā)表的藥物為主組成，用以治療表證的方劑稱為解表劑。Exterior
syndrome-relievingprescription,mainlycomposedofpungentherbswiththefunctionofdispersingexteriorpathogenicfactors,isusedtotreatexteriorsyndromes.
14.麻黃湯發(fā)汗力較強(qiáng)，只適用于風(fēng)寒表實(shí)證。MahuangDecoctionisveryeffectivein
diaphoresis/promotingsweating,soitisusedonlytotreatexterior-excesyndromeduetowind-cold.
15.桂枝湯的功用是解肌發(fā)表，調(diào)和營(yíng)衛(wèi)。GuizhiDecoctioniseffectiveinexpellingexogenous
pathogenicfactorsfromtheskinandmusclesandharmonizingyingfenandweifen/yingandweiaspect/nutritiveanddefensivelevel.
16.祛風(fēng)劑由祛風(fēng)散寒藥物或祛除風(fēng)濕的藥物為主組成。Wind-expellingprescriptionismainly
composedofherbswiththefunctionofexpellingwind-coldorherbswiththefunctionofeliminatingwind-dampness.
17.祛風(fēng)方中所用藥物多性溫、苦、燥、升陽(yáng)。Theherbsusedinwind-expellingprescriptionsare
mostlybitterinflavor,warmanddryinproperty,andyang-liftinginfunction.
18.祛濕劑主要由祛除濕邪的藥物組成，用以治療風(fēng)濕玻Dampness-expellingprescription,
mainlycomposedofherbswiththefunctionofexpellingpathogenicdampness,isusedtotreatrheumatism.
19.以涼性、寒性藥物為主組成，用以治療熱證、火證的方劑稱為清熱劑。Heat-clearing
prescription,mainlycomposedofcoolorcoldnaturedherbs,isusedtotreatheatsyndromeandfiresyndrome.
20.以瀉下的藥物為主組成，用以攻逐里實(shí)的方劑為瀉下劑。Purgativeprescription,mainly
composedofherbswiththefunctionofpurgation,isusedtopurgeinterior-excess.
1.針灸療法在臨床上的應(yīng)用源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。Thetherapyofacupunctureandmoxibustionhasalong
historyinclinicalpractice.
2.灸法可以說(shuō)是借助火力進(jìn)行治病的方法。Moxibustionisactuallyamethodofutilizingfire
totreatdiseases.
3.現(xiàn)代針灸在經(jīng)絡(luò)、腧穴、針?lè)ā⒕姆�、臨床治療等方而都有了重大的發(fā)展。
Modernacupunctureandmoxibustionhavedevelopedsignificantlyinsuchaspectsasmeridiansandcollaterals,acupoints,needlingtechniques,moxibustionmethods,andclinicaltreatment,etc.
4.毫針是臨床上最常用的針刺用針。Thefiliformneedleisthecommonestneedlingtoolin
clinicaltreatment.
5.常用的進(jìn)針手法主要分為單手進(jìn)針?lè)ê碗p手進(jìn)針?lè)═hecommonneedle-insertingmethods
areclassifiedintosingle-handedinsertionanddouble-handedinsertion.
6.針刺除了要掌握進(jìn)針手法以外，還要灃意針刺的角度、方向和深度。Apartfrom
manipulatingtechniques,attentionshouldalsobepaidtotheangle,directionanddepthofneedling.
7.針刺深度一般以既有針感又不傷及重要臟器為原則。Thedepthofneedlingshouldbe
properlydeterminedtogenerateneedlingsensationandatthesametimenottoinjurethevitalorgans.
8.針刺入穴位后所施行的各種手法稱為行針。Thevariousneedlingtechniquesperformed
afterinsertingtheneedlearecalledneedlemanipulation.
9.捻轉(zhuǎn)法指針刺人一定深度后，將針向前向后來(lái)回旋轉(zhuǎn)捻動(dòng)的方法Therotatingtechnique
referstothemanipulationmethodoftwistingtheneedletoandfroafterinsertingitintoacertaindepth.
10.得氣是指針刺時(shí)出現(xiàn)的酸麻脹痛的感覺(jué)。Thearrivalofqireferstotheaching,numbingand
distendingsensationmanifestedduringtheproceofneedling.
11.平補(bǔ)平瀉指進(jìn)針后均勻地提插捻轉(zhuǎn)，得氣后出針。Mildreinforcing-reducingneedling
techniquereferstothemanipulationmethodoflifting,thrusting,twistingandrotatingoftheneedlewithmoderateforceandevenfrequencytohastenthearrivalofqi.
12.三棱針療法是一種刺破患者穴位或淺表血管并放出少量血液以治療疾病的方法。The
therapyoftriple-edgedneedleisatherapeuticmethodofprickingtheacupointsorsuperficialveinsofthepatientstoletoutasmallamountofblood.
13.皮膚針療法是多針淺刺的一種治療方法。Thetherapyofskinneedleisatherapeuticmethod
ofshallowandrepeatedprickingoftheskin.
14.皮內(nèi)針療法是將特制的皮內(nèi)針刺人皮內(nèi)并固定留置一定時(shí)間的一種療法。Thetherapyof
intradermalneedleisatherapeuticmethodofembeddingspeciallymadeintradermalneedleintotheskinforaperiodofretention.
15.水針療法就是將藥物注入穴位以治療疾病的一種方法。Thetherapyofwaterneedleisa
therapeuticmethodofinjectingliquidmedicineintocertainacupointsforthetreatmentofdiseases.
16.灸法一般可分為直接灸和間接灸兩種。Moxibustiontechniquesaregenerallydividedinto
directmoxibustionandindirectmoxibustion.
17.灸治療法一般適用于虛證，寒證和陰證的疾玻Thetherapyofmoxibustionisapplicableto
thetreatmentofdeficiencysyndrome,coldsyndromeandyinsyndrome.
18.對(duì)于形體虛弱、久并虛證及慢性病患者宜使用小炷少壯。Forpatientswithdeficiency
diseases,chronicdiseasesorprolongeddiseases,smalleryetmoremoxaconesshouldbeused.
19.灸法能調(diào)整生物體的生理功能和增強(qiáng)抗病能力。Moxibustioncanregulatethephysiological
functionsofthebodyandimproveitsdisease-resistingcapability.
20.常灸足三里和大椎等穴位，能激發(fā)人體正氣，增強(qiáng)抗病能力。Regularpracticeof
moxibustionontheacupointsofZhusanliandDazhuicanstrengthenthehealthyqiofthebodyandimproveitsdisease-resistingcapability.
1.推拿是人類最古老的一種醫(yī)治疾病的方法。Tuinaisthemostancienttherapeuticmethod
usedbythemankindtotreatdiseases.
2.按摩能使疼痛減輕或消失。Tuinacanalleviateorstoppain.
3.推拿是解除肌肉緊張、痙攣的有效方法。Tuinaisaneffectivemethodtorelievemuscular
tensionandspasm.
4.大多數(shù)壓痛點(diǎn)既是損傷的部位，也是推拿治療的關(guān)鍵部位。Mostofthetendernepoints
areboththeinjuredareaandthekeylocationforapplyingtuinatherapy.
5.適當(dāng)?shù)氖址ǹ梢允辜∪忾g的力學(xué)平衡得以恢復(fù)。Propermanipulationscanrestorethe
mechanicalbalanceofmuscles.
6.臨床實(shí)踐證明，推拿對(duì)促進(jìn)機(jī)體功能有很大的作用。Clinicalpracticehasprovedthattuina
isveryeffectiveinpromotingthefunctionsofthebody.
7.溫法指用擺動(dòng)、摩擦、擠壓的手法治療虛寒證的一種療法。Warmingtherapyoftuinaisa
therapeuticmethodusedtotreatdeficiency-coldsyndromebyswaying,rubbingandpressing.
8.推拿手法的基本動(dòng)作來(lái)源于人們的日常生活。Thebasicmanipulatingtechniqueswere
developedfrompeople’dailylifeactivities.
9.推拿治病主要靠的是手法技巧，而不是粗暴的蠻力。Itisnotviolentforcesbutmanipulating
techniquesthatthetherapyoftuinareliesontotreatdiseases.
10.熟練的推拿手法應(yīng)該具備持久、有力、均勻、柔和、深透的基本要求。Theskilled
manipulationsshouldbelasting,forceful,rhythmic,softandpenetrating.
11.平推法是推法中著力較重的一種，推的時(shí)候須用一定的壓力。Horizontalpushing
manipulationisoneoftheheavyonesperformedwithcertainpressure.
12.往上推為清，往下推為補(bǔ)。Upwardpushingworkstoclearwhiledownwardpushingworksto
tonify.
13.凡治小兒熱證、實(shí)證均用直推法。Infantileheatsyndromeorexcesyndromecanbetreated
bystraightpushingmanipulation.
14.拿法的刺激較強(qiáng)，具有疏通經(jīng)絡(luò)，解表發(fā)汗，鎮(zhèn)靜止痛．開竅提神等作用。Grabbing
manipulation,veryeffectiveinstimulation,hasthefunctionofdredgingchannelsandcollaterals,relievingexteriorsyndromebydiaphoresis,stoppingpainthroughtranquilization,oropeningorificesforresuscitation.
15.按法較為簡(jiǎn)單，有很好的治療效果，為各種推拿流派中的常用手法。Pressingmanipulation,
commonlyseeninallschoolsoftuina,issimpleyeteffective.
16.摩法是推拿手法中最輕柔的一種，臨床上一般作為補(bǔ)法應(yīng)用。Strokingmanipulationisthe
softestofallmanipulationsandisoftenusedforreinforcingpurposeinclinicalpractice.
17.搓法是一種輔助手法，常用于四肢及脅肋部。Rubbingmanipulationisasupplementaryone
andisoftenappliedtothefourlimbs,hypochondriumandrib-side.
18.采用擦法時(shí)必須在施術(shù)部位涂少許潤(rùn)滑劑以保護(hù)皮膚Whenapplyingrubbing
manipulation,alittlelubricantshouldbeappliedtotheskinforprotection.
19.拉法是骨折移位及關(guān)節(jié)脫位等必不可少的手法。Pullingmanipulationisanindispensable
methodusedtotreatdisplacementoffractureanddislocationofjoints,etc.
20.振法常作為治療胸腹脹痛，消化不良等癥的輔助手法Vibratingmanipulationisa
supplementarymethodusedtotreatdistendingpaininthechestandabdomenordyspepsia.1.患者被診為“慢性支氣管炎并發(fā)肺氣腫”。Thepatientwasdiagnosedas“chronicbronchitis
complicatedwithemphysema”.
2.患者氣喘憋悶，呼吸聳肩，咳吐稀白之痰。Theclinicalmanifestationsofthepatientincluded
panting,oppressedfeelinginthechest,shruggedshoulderswhenbreathing,andthinwhitesputum.
3.寒飲內(nèi)擾于肺，肺失宣降之職。Thelungfailstoascendanddescendduetointernal
disturbanceofthelungbycoldfluidretention.
4.方中麻黃、桂枝發(fā)散寒邪，兼以平喘。Inthisformula,MahuangandGuizhicandispel
pathogeniccoldandstoppanting.
5.五味子滋腎水以斂肺氣。Wuweizicannourishthekidneywatertoastringelungqi.
6.服用本方可使寒邪散，水飲去，肺氣通暢則咳喘自平。Thisformulacanrelievecoughand
pantingbydispellingpathogeniccold,resolvingretainedfluid,andsmoothinglungqi.
7.本方每有伐陰動(dòng)陽(yáng)之弊，使病情加重。Inappropriateapplicationofthisformulamayimpair
bothyinandyang,consequentlyworseningthedisease.
8.胸中陽(yáng)氣不溫，使榮衛(wèi)行澀，不能上華于面。Impairmentofyangqiinthechestwillmake
themovementofbothnutritiveqianddefensiveqisluggishandunabletoreachtheface.
9.肺寒金冷，陽(yáng)虛津凝，成痰為飲，其痰涎色白質(zhì)希Ascoldstagnatesinthelung(metal)and
yangdeficiencyresultsinfluidcondensation,itwillleadtoproductionofthin-whitephlegmandretainedfluid.
10.若陽(yáng)氣受損時(shí)，則可見舌質(zhì)淡嫩，舌體胖大。Ifyangqiisimpaired,thetonguewillbecome
pale,tenderandenlarged.
11.寒飲之邪內(nèi)停，其脈多見弦象。Ascoldfluidretainsinthebody,thepulseisgenerallywiry.
12.如果是表寒里飲，則脈多為浮弦或見浮緊。Ifcoldattacksexteriorlyandfluidretains
interiorly,thepulsewillbefloating-wiry,orfloating-tight.
13.若病久日深，寒飲內(nèi)伏，其脈則多見沉。Ifthediseaseislongstandingwithretentionofcold
fluid,thepulseisusuallydeep.
14.水飲內(nèi)停，往往隨氣機(jī)運(yùn)行而變動(dòng)不居Retainedfluidinthebodyoftenmoveswithqi
activities,leadingtomanysecondarysymptoms.
15.若外寒不解，太陽(yáng)氣郁，則兼發(fā)熱、頭痛等癥。Ifexogenouscoldcannotbeeliminated,qi
oftaiyangwillstagnate,leadingtofeverandheadache.
16.然而，六個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)不必悉具。Thesixpointsinsyndromeidentification,however,arenot
necessarilyallincludedtoindicateasyndrome.
17.小青龍湯是治寒飲咳喘的有效方劑。XiaoQinglongDecoctionisaformulaquiteeffectiveforcoughandpantingduetocoldfluidretention.
18.本方應(yīng)中病即止，不可久服。Thisformulamustbediscontinuedaslongasiteffectsacureandcannotbetakenforalongtime.
19.這是正確使用小青龍湯的客觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ThisisexactlytheobjectiveindicationsforcorrectuseofXiaoQinglongDecoction.
20.寒飲為陰邪，易傷陽(yáng)氣。Pathogeniccold,pertainingtoyin,isliabletoimpairyangqi.1.近年來(lái)，隨著人們轉(zhuǎn)向自然界尋求替代療法，補(bǔ)充醫(yī)學(xué)在很大程度上得以興起。Inrecent
years,interestincomplementarymedicinehasre-ignitedinabigwayaspeopleturntonatureforalternativeremedies.
2.補(bǔ)充醫(yī)學(xué)已在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家深深扎根。Complementarymedicinehastakenrootindeveloped
countries.
3.據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織估計(jì)，發(fā)達(dá)回家中半數(shù)以上人口都曾至少一次嘗試過(guò)替代療法。
AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization’sestimates,morethanhalfthepopulationsofdevelopedcountrieshavetriedalternativemedicationatleastonceintheirlife.
4.普通人都會(huì)認(rèn)為越天然的藥物，副作用就一定越校Commonpeoplebelievethatthemore
naturalamedicalproduct,thefewerthesideeffects.
5.大多數(shù)傳統(tǒng)療法都缺少科學(xué)研究。Mosttraditionalremedieslackscientificbasis.
6.西醫(yī)有大量的藥物和外科方法可以預(yù)防中風(fēng)發(fā)生。Westernmedicinetodayoffersagreat
quantityofmedicinesandsurgicaltreatmentsthatdealwithpreventingtheonsetofstroke.
7.該藥物能通過(guò)改善大腦神經(jīng)的可塑性幫助中風(fēng)患者的康復(fù)。Thismedicinecanhelp
patientswithstroketorehabilitatebyimprovingthebrain’sneuroplasticity.
8.如果同時(shí)服用西藥和該中成藥，保證其用藥安全也很重要。IfWesternmedicineandthis
Chinesepatentmedicinearetakenatthesametime,themedicationsafetymustbeensured.
9.通過(guò)檢測(cè)能確保藥物的質(zhì)量。Thequalityofmedicalproductscanbeensuredthrough
detection.
10.此外，按照西醫(yī)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)該藥物在中國(guó)的臨床療效數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了回顧Inaddition,areview
ofclinicalefficacydataonthismedicinefromChinawithWesterncriteriawasconducted.
11.該藥物的安全性和臨床療效都很確定。Thesafetyandclinicaleffectsofthismedicinecan
beensured.
12.下一步是根據(jù)西醫(yī)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行更多的臨床試驗(yàn)Thenextstepistoimplementmoreclinical
trialsincompliancewithWesternstandards.
13.中西醫(yī)結(jié)合醫(yī)學(xué)是一門相對(duì)新興的學(xué)科，尚在發(fā)展之中。TheintegratedtraditionalChinese
andWesternmedicineisanewly-emergingsubjectwhichneedsfurtherdevelopment.
14.中醫(yī)在理論、治療用藥和養(yǎng)生保健等方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，不僅對(duì)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)是很好的補(bǔ)充，也為
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展開拓了新的思路TraditionalChinesemedicineissuperiorintheory,treatmentandhealthcare,whichisnotonlyacomplementtomodernmedicine,butalsoopensanewprospectforthedevelopmentofWesternmedicine.
15.整合醫(yī)學(xué)(integrativemedicine)認(rèn)為，維持機(jī)體康復(fù)的根本因素是機(jī)體整體及其微觀各系
統(tǒng)內(nèi)部及系統(tǒng)間的穩(wěn)定。Integrativemedicineholdsthatthefundamentalfactorinphysicalrehabilitationisstabilityamongdifferentmicro-systemsofthebodyandstabilitywithinthewholebodyandthemicro-systems.
16.大量的實(shí)踐和科研證明，中西醫(yī)結(jié)合防治疾病的效果優(yōu)于單純西醫(yī)藥或單純中醫(yī)藥
MuchclinicalpracticeandnumerousscientifictrialshaveproventhatintegratedtraditionalChineseandWesternmedicineoutweighstheseparatedapplicationofeithertraditionalChinesemedicineorWesternmedicineinpreventingandtreatingdiseases.
17.外國(guó)人一說(shuō)起中醫(yī)，就想到針灸和按摩。但此次北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)，大大拓寬了外國(guó)人對(duì)中醫(yī)
的認(rèn)識(shí)。WhenitcomestotraditionalChinesemedicine,foreignersoftenthinkofacupuncture,moxibustionandtuina.The2016BeijingOlympics,however,hasgreatlywidenedtheirknowledgeabouttraditionalChinesemedicine.
18.外國(guó)人在嘗試中醫(yī)治療后發(fā)現(xiàn)，中藥在某些方面比西藥有效，而且經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)也不重After
receivingtraditionalChineseremedies,foreignersfoundthatChinesemedicinalherbsaremoreeffectivethanwesternmedicineinsomerespects,andevencheaper.
19.日前，中醫(yī)在國(guó)外正以迅猛的勢(shì)頭發(fā)展，在很多國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥店已走出了唐人街。Currently,
traditionalChinesemedicineisdevelopingacrotheglobewithgreatmomentum,andmanystoressellingChinesemedicalproductshavenotbeenconfinedtoChinatowns.
20.韓國(guó)有與中醫(yī)一脈相承的“韓醫(yī)”，從業(yè)者的社會(huì)地位和經(jīng)濟(jì)地位都較高。InSouthKorea,
practitionersof“Koreanmedicine”,whichsharesthesamerootwithtraditionalChinesemedicine,enjoyarelativelyhighersocialandeconomicstatus.