欧美日韩不卡一区二区三区,www.蜜臀.com,高清国产一区二区三区四区五区,欧美日韩三级视频,欧美性综合,精品国产91久久久久久,99a精品视频在线观看

英語句子成分及結(jié)構(gòu)

英語句子成分及結(jié)構(gòu) | 樓主 | 2017-07-11 03:59:02 共有3個(gè)回復(fù)
  1. 1英語句子成分及結(jié)構(gòu)
  2. 2英語句子成分分析及結(jié)構(gòu)
  3. 3英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)

從句主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的賓語補(bǔ)足語可以轉(zhuǎn)化為被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語補(bǔ)足語,注其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展變化或省略而構(gòu)成,一將句子和其所屬的基本句型搭配,附屬成分是基本成分的修飾語。

英語句子成分及結(jié)構(gòu)2017-07-11 03:57:51 | #1樓回目錄

英語句子成分及結(jié)構(gòu)

(一)句子成分

構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語和謂語;次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語和同位語。

(二)主語:

主語是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句(當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時(shí))和倒裝句中,主語位于謂語、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。例如:

Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)

One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.(數(shù)詞)

Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)

Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(動(dòng)名詞)

Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名詞化的形容詞)

WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語從句)

Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主語,真正的主語為后面的不定式)

(三)謂語

謂語說明主語所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語,一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下:

1、簡單謂語:由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

2、復(fù)合謂語:(1)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系動(dòng)詞加表語構(gòu)成。如:(四)表語:

表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞VL之后。系動(dòng)詞大致可分為三類:1.be動(dòng)詞類

2.感官類feel/taste/smell/sound/seem/look/appear…

3.變化類become/get/grow/turn/come/go…

4.狀態(tài)保持類stay/remain(保持,仍然是)/keep/proveetc.

表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如:

OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名詞)

Isityours?(代詞)

Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)

Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)

Threetimessevenistwentyone?(數(shù)詞)

HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)

Hishobby(愛好)isplayingfootball.(動(dòng)名詞)

Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語)

Timeisup.Theclaisover.(副詞)

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語從句)

(五)賓語賓語表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承愛者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如:

Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)

Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)

Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)

Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)

Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語)

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動(dòng)名詞短語)

Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語從句)

賓語種類:

(1)雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ)),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.

(六)賓語補(bǔ)足語和主語補(bǔ)足語

英語中有些及物動(dòng)詞,除有一個(gè)直接賓語以外,還要有一個(gè)賓語補(bǔ)語,才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為:某些及物動(dòng)詞(如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ))。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如:

HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名詞)

Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容詞)

Letthefreshairin.(副詞)

Youmustn'tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短語)

Wesawherenteringtheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)

Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介詞短語)

Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(從句)主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的賓語補(bǔ)足語,可以轉(zhuǎn)化為被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語補(bǔ)足語。

(七)定語:

修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示:

Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容詞)

Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分詞)

Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名詞)

HisrapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)

Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短語)

Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動(dòng)名詞)

HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介詞短語)

定語從句)

(八)狀語:

修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子,說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語?捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆

Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)

Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語)

Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語)Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語)

Waitaminute.(名詞)

Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語從句)

狀語種類如下:

Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(時(shí)間狀語)

Lastnightshedidn'tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因狀語)

Ishallgothereifitdoesn'train.(條件狀語)

MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地點(diǎn)狀語)

Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式狀語)

Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴隨狀語)

Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的狀語)

Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(結(jié)果狀語)

Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(讓步狀語)

Iamtallerthanheis.(比較狀語)

(九)同位語

當(dāng)一個(gè)概念詞在前,后面的詞、詞組或者句子是在解釋前者時(shí),后者就是前者的同位語。Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.

ournewteacher是主詞Mr.Smith的同位語,指同一人。

YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother's.

afriendofmybrother's是受詞Tom的同位語,指同一人。

HehimselftoldmethathisbrotherJohnisaworld-famousdoctor.。

himself和John都是單一的字作同位語。句子thatyouweresick是名詞thefact的同位語從句

(二)簡單句句子結(jié)構(gòu)

1、主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語:e.g.Heisastudent.

2、主語+不及物動(dòng)詞:e.g.Wework.

3、主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語:e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.

4、主語+及物動(dòng)詞+雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語):e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.

5、主語+及物動(dòng)詞+復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓補(bǔ)):e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.

注:其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。

主語、動(dòng)詞(不及物動(dòng)詞、及物動(dòng)詞、雙賓動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞)、賓語及補(bǔ)語可以稱為基本句子成分。完整的句子一般至少包含2個(gè)基本成分,至多4個(gè)基本成分。

一.將句子和其所屬的基本句型搭配。

Anneandherfamilyhidaway.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞(S+Vi)Weneedfriends.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(S+Vt+O)

Iwasupset(a.不安的)主語+系動(dòng)詞+表(S+LV+predicative)Tomgavemeapresent主語+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間賓+直賓(S+Vt+O.indir+O.dir)AnnenamedherdiaryKitty.主語+賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)語(S+Vt.+O+ http://www.zzlgroo.com )

二.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),并按例句劃出句子主要成分。

例:Lindarecovered(vi恢復(fù))(S+Vi)經(jīng)歷,遭受)

.itself

outdoors(ad.在戶外地)

http://www.zzlgroo.com uldonhowtolearnEnglishwell?

附屬成分是基本成分的修飾語?梢允牵

定語:即用來修飾名詞的單詞、短語或從句

狀語:即用來修飾名詞或代詞以外的詞的單詞、短語或從句。

三.劃出下列句子的狀語或定語。

找出定語

1.PoorJohntotteredtowardahospitalnearby.

2.ShelikesorangesimportedfromtheUSA.

3.Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto

4.therewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.(v.吸引人;迷人)

5.Haveyouseenthebookonthedesk?

6.Ihavegrowncrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature

7.Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.(懸掛在沾滿灰塵窗前的)

8.Peopletherelikesports.

找出狀語

1.Istayedawakeonpurpose[故意地]untilhalfpasteleveninorderto(為了)haveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.

2.Thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirely(adv.完全地,整個(gè)地)intheirpower.

3.Thestreetlightsgoonatdusk.[黃昏]

4.Shestoodfacetoface(面對(duì)面地)withhim

5.Sheandherfamilyhidawayfortwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.

6.Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.

7.Ashewasill,hedidntcometoclayesterday

四.句子中的省略。

句中被省略的成分,雖然未說出來,卻在句中表示一定的意思:

1_______Comehere.

2._______Goodluck!

3.Somegavehimpraises,butothersrotteneggs.

)walkingthedog(遛狗),youwerecareleanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.

5.Hopeyoulikeit.

6.JohnshouldcleantheroomtodayandPetertomorrow.

(三)并列句

需把幾個(gè)意思連接在一起時(shí),可用分號(hào)或把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡單句用并列連詞連接起來,這種結(jié)構(gòu)即構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。

連接幾個(gè)簡單句成為并列句有以下幾種方式:

Wefishedallday.Wedidntcatchathing.

用分號(hào):

Wefishedallday____wedidntcatchathing

用分號(hào),后跟一個(gè)連接副詞:

Wefishedallday_________,wedidntcatchathing.

用并列連詞(如and、but、so、yet等)

Wefishedallday,__________-didntcatchathing

常用并列連詞如下:

平行并列連詞:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,andthen

轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞:but,however,while,yet

因果并列連詞:for,so

選擇并列連詞:or,either…or,neither…nor

五.請(qǐng)用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句

1.Areyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou?Areyouafraidthathewouldnotunderstandyou.

2.AnneFranklovedherdiary.Shemadeherdiaryherbestfriend.

3.Shesufferedfromloneliness.Shehadtolearntolikeitthere.

4.Anne′sfamilywasJewish(a,猶太人的).Theyhadtohide.Ifnot,theywouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis.(n.納粹黨人)

5.Pleasedrawthecurtains(拉上窗簾).(添標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào))Thesunlightistoobright.

六.翻譯下列并列句。

1Studyhard,______________________instudy.(progress)

努力學(xué)習(xí)的話,你會(huì)在學(xué)習(xí)上取得巨大進(jìn)步。

2.Dontbelatenexttime,________________________(fireV.解雇)

下次別遲到了,否則的話你會(huì)被解雇的。

3.Rightnowitisthesummervacation_______________________________________(help)現(xiàn)在正是暑假,而我正在農(nóng)場給父親幫忙。

4.Itrainedyesterday,__________________________________________(putoff)

昨天下雨了,因此比賽推遲了。

5.__________________________________.(neither)

他既不抽煙也不喝酒。

.(四)復(fù)合句

由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上從句所構(gòu)成的句子。在英語書面語中應(yīng)用廣泛。主句是一個(gè)完整的句子,它可以獨(dú)立存在。從句是一個(gè)不完整的句子,它必須和一個(gè)

主句連用,不能獨(dú)立存在。復(fù)合句可以通過把兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接在一起構(gòu)成,但復(fù)合句的各組成部份并非同等重要,其中一個(gè)句子由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)(從句),用以修飾另一句子(主句)。

復(fù)合句=主句+從句

復(fù)合句是在簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上,通過從屬連詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成。從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復(fù)合句主要包含以下類型從句:

1.主語從句:Whathewantstotellusisnotclear

2.賓語從句:HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow

3.表語從句:Thats

4.同位語從句:havenoideawhenhewillreturn.

以上從句稱為為名詞性從句。

5.定語從句:定語從句稱為形容詞性從句

6.狀語從句:

(1)ShefeltnervouswhenItalkedtoher.

(2)DontcomeunleItelephone.

(3)Althoughheispoor,hesstillhappy

(4)Theycanthavegoneoutbecausethelightson

(5)Wherethereisariver,thereisalwaysacity

(6)Hestudiedsohardthathepassedtheexam

(7)WheninRome,pleasedoasRomansdo.

(8)Hegetsupveryearlysothat(inorderthat為了)hecancatchthefirstbus.

(9)Hedoesnthaveasmanybooksasyoudo.

狀語從句又稱為副詞性從句。

七.指出下列句子中含有什么類型的從句。2.Idon′twanttosetdown(記下)aseriesof(一系列的),Ididntdareopenawindow.tgocampingwiththem.八.指出短文中句子是簡單句,并列句還是符合句,并指出復(fù)合句中的從句類型。

(1)Smokingcigarettesisharmful(a.有害的)toyourhealth.(2)Experiments(n.實(shí)驗(yàn))showthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.(3)Besides(prep..此外,除了)themostseriousandterriblediseases(illness)----cancers,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblem.(4)Forexample,itcangiveonea“smokerscough”(5).Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.(6)Whether(無論是,不管是)yougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekillercancer,smokingisharmful

英語句子成分分析及結(jié)構(gòu)2017-07-11 03:58:26 | #2樓回目錄

8種基本句子成分:

1.主語:表句子說的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常在句子前面,充當(dāng)主語的有名詞、代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句、句子等。

e.g.Thetreesgrowveryfast.

2.謂語:說明主語“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”。通常在主語后(出疑問和倒裝外)。一般由動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)。

e.g.Theplanetakesoffat8,butthismorningitmaybedelayedbythethickfog.

3.賓語:表動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象,在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后。充當(dāng)賓語的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句、句子等。

e.g.Hetakesabatheverymorning.

4.表語:與系動(dòng)詞連用,一起構(gòu)成謂語部分,說明主語的性質(zhì)和特征。長在系動(dòng)詞之后。充當(dāng)表語的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語從句等。

e.g.Heturneddoctorafterschool,ashisparentshadexpected.

Oh,it’syou.

5.定語:用來修飾名詞或代詞。單個(gè)詞長放在被修飾詞前面,短語或句子在被修飾詞之后。充當(dāng)定語的有數(shù)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語、從句等。

e.g.Morethantwentyworkerswerefired.

Thisisastonetableandhardenoughtoholdtheloadofgoods.

6.狀語:修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞,表動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式等。位置比較靈活。充當(dāng)狀語的有副詞、介詞短語、不定式、分詞、形容詞、形容詞詞組和名詞詞組、從句等。

e.g.Tomspeaksenglishveryfastandialmostcan’tunderstandhim.

Don’tsteponhtgrass,foritisgrowing.

7.補(bǔ)足語:名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、不定式等皆可做補(bǔ)足語。e.g.Weallfindhimfunny.

Willyoupleaseinviteallofthemin?

8.同位語:對(duì)句中的某一成分做進(jìn)一步解釋、說明,與前面的名詞在語法上處于同等地位的句子成分叫同位語。常位于唄說明的詞之后?梢宰魍徽Z的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、和從句等。

e.g.Wehavetwoforeignstudents,aCanadianandanAmerican.

Theyeachcangetachancetotravelbyair.

1

5種簡單基本句型:

1.主語+謂語(不及物)(S+Vi)

Shecame.Wework.Myheadaches.

2.主語+謂語(及物)+賓語(S+Vt+O)

Shelikesbasketball.IstudyFrench.

3.主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(S+Vt+O+OC)

Shemakeshermotherangry.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.

4.主語+謂語+間賓+直賓(S+Vt+INO+DO)

ShegaveJohnabook.Sheboughtmeapen.

5.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語(S+V+P)

Theyarestudents.Theleavesturnedgreen.Ittastesdelicious.

另:Therebe句型:

A:therebe“某地有某人某物”

Therearefourseasonsinayear.

B:運(yùn)用其他動(dòng)詞的Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)(be,seem,appear,happen,exist)

Thereseemedtobenoonewhoreallyunderstandme.

Thereliesabookonthedesk.

C:Therebeno+主語結(jié)構(gòu),(習(xí)慣上用V-ing形式做主語)

Thereisnoparkingaroundhere.

附:常見系動(dòng)詞有:

be,become,get,turn,grow,taste,smell,feel,seem,look,appear,stand,lie,go,come,remain,keep,etc.

附屬成分:

但常用的英語句并不都象基本句型這樣簡短,這些句子除了基本句型的成分不變外,通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語(modifier)而加以擴(kuò)大。這些修飾語可以是單詞(主要是形容詞、副詞和數(shù)詞),也可以是各種類型的短語(主要是介詞短語、不定式短語和分詞短語)。我們稱為:定語(用來修飾名詞的單詞、短語或從句)、狀語(用來修飾名詞或代詞以外的詞的單詞、短語或從句)定語,.狀語.JohnmakesMaryveryangry.’tcometoclayesterday.You’2

獨(dú)立成分:

句中可以去掉的成份,去掉后不影響句子的完整性。這種成份和句子的其他詞沒有語法的關(guān)系。

感嘆詞:oh,hello,aha,ah,alas等。Oh,Whatisthat?

肯定詞yes

否定詞no

稱呼語:稱呼人的用語。Comehere,John.

插入語:一些句中插入的Ithink,Ibelieve,等。

Thestory,Ithink,hasnevercometotheend.

情態(tài)詞:表示說話人的語氣(多作為修飾全句的狀語):perhaps也許,maybe大概,actually實(shí)際上,certainly當(dāng)然,等。

省略成份:

句中被省略的成份,雖然未說出來,卻在句中表示一定的意思:

(You)Comehere.

(Iwishyou)Goodluck!

Somegavehimpraises,butothers(gavehim)rotteneggs.

Herunsasfastas,if(hedoes)not(run)faster,thanyou.

(I)Hopeyoulikeit.

JohnshouldcleantheroomtodayandPeter(shouldcleanit)tomorrow.

練習(xí):指出下列句子中劃線部分的句子成分:

dependontheweather.

2.People’sstandardsofliving5.I’llreturnthebook7.TherearemanyfilmIwon’tstopyoufromdoingit.

11.12.13.14.3

15.16.17.18.It19.20.選擇題

1、___sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.

A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.ThereareD.Itwas

2、___inEnglishinclaeverydayisimportant.

A.SpeakB.TalkingC.SayingD.Totell

3、Theremustbe____nearthefactory.

A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreD.booksstores

4、Thedoctoraswellasthenurses___greatconcernforthepatients.

A.showB.showsC.haveshownD.areshowing

5、Yoursonmustbeacleverboy,___he?

A.isB.isn'tC.mustD.mustn't

6、Thecomputercenter,___lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsinthisschool.

A.openB.openingC.openedD.beingopened

7、Don't___excited.

A.getB.isC.seemD.look

8、Thedaysare___warmerandwarmerinspring.

A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingD.going

9、Hisjobis____English.

A.teachB.toteachC.taughtD.teaches

10、___interestingworkwearedoing!

A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Whatan

11、Iwant___ateacherwhenIgrowup.

A.tobeB.toC.beD.being

12、-Wouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithmetoday?

4

-Idon'tthinkso.Tobehonest,Ireallydon'tfeellike___onapicnic.

A.goingB.togoC.goD.went

13、Doyouknow___?

A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelives

C.whereheliveD.ifwherehelives

14、Isawhim___basketballwithJackanhourago.

http://www.zzlgroo.com layC.playedD.play

15、Sorry,we'vekeptyou___foralongtime.

A.waitedB.singC.standD.waiting

16、Theteachertoldus____lateagain.

A.aren'tbeB.don'tbeC.nottobeD.notbe

17、Ifound___difficulttoworktogetherwithhim.

A.itB.itsC.thatD.those

18、Weallknow___ourdutytocleanourclassroomafterschooleveryday.

A.thatB.thisC.whichD.it

19、Hefound___veryinterestingtoplaywiththelittledog.

A.whatB.itC./D.that

20、Tomsaidhe___agooddreamyesterdayevening.

A.dreamB.dreamedC.haveD.has

21、Children___ahappylifeinChina.

A.leadB.livingC.hasD.leading

22、-___skirtisthatonthechair?

-Letmesee.Oh,no,it'snotmine.

A.WhoseB.WhatC.Who'sD.Which

23、Doyouhaveanything___?

A.sayingB.tosayC.saidD.say

24、Theboxis___heavyforher___carry.

A.very;toB.too;nottoC.too;toD.verytoo;to

25、Youcanseethesesignsinahospital.___canyouseethem?

A.WhereelseB.Whereplaceelse

C.WhereelseplaceD.Elsewhere

26、Theywentout___theiroldfriends.

A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visited

27、Thereisawideriver____ourvillage.

A.outsideB.overC.fromD.below

28、Theyoungman,___worksintheoffice.

A.mebrotherB.mybrotherC.mybrothersD.me

29、OurEnglishteacher,___oftenhelpsuswithstudy.

A.MrsWangB.Mrs’WangC.MrsWang'sD.ofhim

30、___,somerailwayworkersarebusyrepairingthetrain.

A.ThemB.HeC.TheyD.Theirs

簡單句:

簡單句只有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞(即只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)),它是最小的句子單位。

主要起下列四種作用中的一種:A作一種陳述,B提出一個(gè)問題,C發(fā)出一種命令

或請(qǐng)求,D表示一種感嘆.

Examples:

Theboyhitthedog./Thedogbittheboy.

Thegirlreadthebooks./Thebookspleasedthegirl.

Stephenapologizedatonce.

Doestheshopcloseat7tonight?

Shutthedoor.

Whataslowtrainthisis!

兩個(gè)簡單句的賓語可由and、bothand等連詞連接組成一個(gè)簡單句。

1.ImetJane.Imetherhusband.

2.Itwascold.Itwaswet.

3.Ididn’tmeetJane.Ididn’tmeetherhusband.

Ididn’兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上限定動(dòng)詞也可合并為一個(gè)簡單句。

Wesangallnight.Wedancedallnight.

并列句:

需把幾個(gè)意思連接在一起時(shí),可用分號(hào)或把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡單句用并列連詞連

接起來,這種結(jié)構(gòu)即構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。

Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchathing.(用分號(hào))

Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchathing.(用分號(hào),后跟一個(gè)連接副詞)

Wefishedallday,but(we)didn’tcatchathing.(用并列連詞and、but、so、yet等)

常用并列連詞:

平行并列連詞:and,bothand,notonlybutalso,neithernor,andthen

轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞:but,however,while,yet

因果并列連詞:for,so

選擇并列連詞:or,eitheror,neithernor

Exercise:

請(qǐng)用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句。

1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.

______________________________________________________________

2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.

______________________________________________________________

3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.

______________________________________________________________

復(fù)合句:

由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上從句所構(gòu)成的句子。在英語書面語中應(yīng)用廣

泛。主句是一個(gè)完整的句子,它可以獨(dú)立存在。從句是一個(gè)不完整的句子,它必須

和一個(gè)主句連用,不能獨(dú)立存在。復(fù)合句可以通過把兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接在一起

構(gòu)成,但復(fù)合句的各組成部份并非同等重要,其中一個(gè)句子由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)(從

句),用以修飾另一句子(主句)。

復(fù)合句=主句+從句復(fù)合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句

復(fù)合句是在簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上,通過從屬連詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接在

一起而構(gòu)成。從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復(fù)合句主要

包含以下類型從句:

形容詞性從句:定語從句

名詞性從句:主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句

狀語從句:時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、條件、原因、比較、結(jié)果、目的、讓步

1.Hetoldmethenews.

moneywithoutdelay.

2.Idon’tknowhim.

3.Thatsurprisedthepeopleintheroom.

’tknowtheanswer4.Thatisthefact.

5.Heworkedinthatfactorythreeyearsago.

Whereyoutookit

6.Putthebookonthedesk.

Whereyoufoundit

練習(xí):

指出下列各從句的類型

1.2.3.用所給連詞連接句子。

1.Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)

______________________________________________________________

2.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoYorkonthatday.(when)

______________________________________________________________

將各組句子連接為一個(gè)含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句。

1.Hedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因)

______________________________________________________________

2.I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.(時(shí)間)

______________________________________________________________

3.Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.(結(jié)果)

______________________________________________________________

4.We’llgotothegreatwall.It’sfinetomorrow.(條件)

______________________________________________________________

5.Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(讓步)

______________________________________________________________

英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)2017-07-11 03:57:25 | #3樓回目錄

英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí)

1.主語(subject)句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)Helikesdancing.(代詞)

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.(動(dòng)名詞)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)

Whatheneedsisabook.(主語從句)

Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)

2.謂語(predicate)說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.

3.表語(predicative)系動(dòng)詞之后的成分,表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.(名詞)

Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)Heisasleep.(形容詞)Hisfatherisin.(副詞)

Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)

Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容詞化的分詞)

Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語從句)

(常見的系動(dòng)詞有be,sound(聽起來),look(看起來),feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來),taste(嘗、吃起來),

remain(保持,仍是),feel(感覺)...

Itsoundsagoodidea.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.

Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thedoorremainsopen.

4.賓語:

1)動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓IlikeChina.(名詞)Hehatesyou.(代詞)Weneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)

Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動(dòng)名詞)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid(賓語從句)

2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake.

Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.

3)雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.

5.賓補(bǔ):對(duì)賓語的補(bǔ)充,全稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名詞)

Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名詞)Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容詞)Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)

Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介詞短語)Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)

Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(帶to不定式)Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(現(xiàn)在分詞)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(過去分詞)

6.主補(bǔ):對(duì)主語的補(bǔ)充。Hewaselectedmonitor.

Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.

Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.

7.定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)Heisourfriend.(代詞)

Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)

Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)

Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)

Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過去分詞)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)

YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語從句)

8.狀語:用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,或者句子。表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。

(以下例句按上述順序排列)

Iwillgotheretomorrow.

Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.

Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.

Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.

Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.

基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)

簡單句的五個(gè)基本句型

主語+謂語Shecame./Myheadaches.主語+謂語+賓語ShelikesEnglish.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語Sheishappy.

主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語ShegaveJohnabook.

Sheboughtabookforme.

主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)語Shemakeshermotherangry.

Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.

There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.

分析下列句子成分

1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.

2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou

3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.

4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.

5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.

6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.

7.---Iloveyoumorethanher,child.

8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.

9.Theypushedthedooropen.、

10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.

回復(fù)帖子
標(biāo)題:
內(nèi)容:
相關(guān)話題