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四大發(fā)明的英語(yǔ)作文
Compass, gunpowder['ɡn,paud], papermaking skill and typography[tai'pɡrfi], is China ancient['einnt] four inventions, it is one of the signs that China become to the ancient civilized['sivilaizd] country, occupy['kjupai] the important position in the history of human civilization[,sivilai'zein].
羅盤(pán)、火藥、造紙術(shù)和印刷術(shù),是中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明,這是中國(guó)成為這古老文明的國(guó)家，占據(jù)在人類(lèi)文明史上占有重要地位的標(biāo)志之一。
1. Compass指南針
The invention of the compass is the result of China ancient working people know to the object magnetism['mɡnitizm] in the long-term practice.
指南針的發(fā)明是我國(guó)古代勞動(dòng)人民長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐中認(rèn)識(shí)到物體的磁性的結(jié)果。 Because of productive labor['leib], people have found the characteristic[,krkt'ristik] of the magnet['mɡnit] pointing to direction. Through experiment and research in many ways, invented the Compass at last.
由于生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng),人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了磁鐵的指出方向的特點(diǎn)。通過(guò)試驗(yàn)和在許多方面的研究,發(fā)明了指南針。
The Compass give play to important function['fkn] in the navigation[,nvi'ɡein] after introducing to Europ['jurp]e.
指南針在傳入歐洲后，在導(dǎo)航上發(fā)揮了重要的作用
2. Gunpowder火藥
The gunpowder is made of niter, sulfur['slf] and charcoal['tɑ:kul] three kinds of materials[m'tirilz] mixing.
火藥是由硝石、硫和木炭三種原料混合制成的。
In the Tang Dynasty['dinsti], the gunpowder begins to be applied['plaid] to the military['militri] affairs'fε]. 唐朝，火藥開(kāi)始應(yīng)用到軍事上。
People utilize['ju:tilaiz] the throwing stone machine'i:n], light the gunpowder bag and throw out, burn the enemy['enimi], this is the most primitive cannon
['knn].
人們利用拋射石頭的拋石機(jī)，把火藥包點(diǎn)著以后，拋射出去，燒傷敵人，這是最原始的火炮。
3. Papermaking skill造紙術(shù)
The invention of papermaking skill is China’s contribution to the civilization of the world.造紙技術(shù)的發(fā)明，是中華民族對(duì)世界文明的杰出貢獻(xiàn)之一。
In the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 105), the papermaking skill inventor Cai lun is on the basis of that forefathers['fr,fɑe] weave[wi:v] silks[silks] experience, have made into the vegetable['veditbl] fiber['faib] paper with bark, broken fishing['fii] network, rag[rɡ], etc. raw materials. From then on, paper become to the material that generally['denrli] write.
東漢和帝元興元年(公元105年)，蔡倫在總結(jié)前人制造絲織晶的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，發(fā)明了用樹(shù)皮、破漁網(wǎng)、破布、麻頭等作為原料，制造成了適合書(shū)寫(xiě)的植物纖維紙，才使紙成為人們普遍使用的書(shū)寫(xiě)材料。被稱(chēng)為“蔡侯紙”。
4. Typography印刷術(shù)
The typography is one of the most important four inventions in ancient China. 印刷術(shù)是最重要的中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明之一
The woodblock['wudblk] printing appear in Sui dynasty, it is that carve[kɑ:v] protruding[pru'tru:d] Backward Chinese character['krkt] on woodblock with knife, then brush Chinese ink-liquid['likwid], print[print] on the paper.
它開(kāi)始于隋朝的雕版印刷， 是用刀在一塊塊木板上雕刻成凸出來(lái)的反寫(xiě)字，然后再上墨，印到紙上。
In Sung Dynasty, word worker Bi Sheng (A.D. 1004 —— 1048), Use the clay[klei] with viscidity[vi'sidti], make into the rectangle['rek,tɡl] cube[kju:b], carve the single Chinese characters on it, burn it with the fire, form the font[fnt]. The printing skill is named the typography.
北宋刻字工人畢升在公元1004年至1048年間，用質(zhì)細(xì)且?guī)в姓承缘哪z泥，做成一個(gè)個(gè)四方形的長(zhǎng)柱體，在上面刻上反寫(xiě)的單字，一個(gè)字一個(gè)印，放在土窯里用火燒硬，形成活字。這種改進(jìn)之后的印刷術(shù)叫做活板印刷術(shù)。
In a word, China ancient four inventions, has left behind a magnificent[mɡ'nifisnt] chapter['tpt] in the history of human science and culture. These great inventions once influenced['influns] and benefited['benifit] the whole[hul] world, had promoted the advancing[d'vɑ:nsi] of human history.
總之，中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明，在人類(lèi)科學(xué)和文化史上留下了一個(gè)輝煌篇章。這些偉大的發(fā)明曾經(jīng)影響并有利于整個(gè)世界，推動(dòng)了人類(lèi)歷史的前進(jìn)。
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