2025年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題（精選20套）
無(wú)論在學(xué)習(xí)或是工作中，我們很多時(shí)候都不得不用到考試題，考試題是命題者根據(jù)測(cè)試目標(biāo)和測(cè)試事項(xiàng)編寫出來(lái)的。你知道什么樣的考試題才算得上好考試題嗎？以下是小編為大家整理的2025年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題（精選20套），僅供參考，大家一起來(lái)看看吧。
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 1
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about A Volunteer Activity.You should write at least l20 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1.指出令自己受益的一項(xiàng)志愿活動(dòng);
2.從該志愿活動(dòng)中獲得的收獲;
3.總結(jié)全文。
Section A
Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation，One or more questions will be asked about what Was said.Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.after each question there will be a pause.During the pause，you must read the four choices markedA.，B.，C.andD.，and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
2、聽錄音,
回答2-26題
A.Bill forgot to call him yesterday about the suitcase.
B.He is not going to lend his suitcase to Bill.
C.He has not seen Bill at the office for some time.
D.Bill may have borrowed a suitcase from someone else.
3、
A.Winter has become colder in recent years.
B.It will warm a bit over the weekend.
C.Going outside has a relaxing effect.
D.He hopes the weather forecast is accurate.
4、
A.The woman will wait for a better deal on books.
B.There is no room to store books.
C.The bookstore is out of books.
D.The man is likely to buy some books.
5、
A.He Can finish the assignment on time.
B.The novel is too interesting.
C.The assignment is too difficult to finish.
D.He didn’t finish the assignment.
6、
A.Hosting a TV program.
B.Commenting on all oil-painting.
C.Staging a performance.
D.Taking a picture of Prof. John.
7、
A.He can help the woman take care of the plants.
B.Most plants grow better in direct sunlight.
C.The plants should be placed in a shady spot.
D.The plants need to be watered frequently.
8、
A.They seem satisfied with what they have done.
B.They have called all club members to contribute.
C.They think the day can be called a memorable one.
D.They find it hard to raise money for the Hope Project.
9、
A.The man shouldn’t hesitate to take the course.
B.The man should talk with the professor first.
C.The course isn’t open to undergraduates.
D.The course will require a lot of reading.
10、聽錄音,回答10-34題
A.To go sightseeing.
B.To have meetings.
C.To promote a new champagne.
D.To join in a training program。
11、
A.It call reduce the number of passenger.complaints.
B.It can make air travel more entertaining.
C.It Can cut down the expenses for air travel.
D.It Call lessen the discomfort caused by air travel.
12、
A.Took balanced meals with champagne.
B.Ate vegetables and fruit only.
C.Refrained from fish or meat.
D.Avoided eating rich food.
13、
A.Many of them found it difficult to exercise on a plane.
B.Many of them were concerned with their well.being.
C.Not many of them chose to do what she did.
D.Not many of them understood the program
14、聽錄音,回答14-38題
A.In a studio.
B.In a booking store.
C.At a beach resort.
D.At a supermarket.
15、
A.To live there permanently.
B.To stay there for half a year.
C.To find a better job to support herself.
D.To sell leather goods for a American company.
16、
A.It has seen a steady decline in its profits.
B.It has attracted a lot more designers from abroad.
C.It has lost many customers to foreign companies.
D.It has become much more competitive.
17、聽錄音,回答17-41題
A.Ray Kroc.
B.Two McDonald brothers.
C.A 56-year-old businessman.
D.A man from the McDonald family.
18、
A.Customers can get the same food at any McDonald’s in any state or country.
B.The employees are helpful and polite.
C.The food is delicious..
D.The table and floors are clean.
19、
A.The sandwiches.
B.The milk shakes.
C.The hamburgers.
D.The French fries.
20、
A.2.7 million dollars.
B.6.7 million dollars.
C.About 7 million dollars.
D.About 8 million dollars.
21、聽錄音,回答21-45題
A.About 6 years.
B.About 5 years.
C.About 7 years.
D.About 8 years.
22、
A.He is also allowed to go into the next grade.
B.He has to repeat the grade.
C.He has to repeat the test.
D.He has to go to another school.
23、
A.Listen to the teacher all the time in class.
B.Seldom talk in class.
C.Never ask any questions in class.
D.Often have group discussions in class.
24、聽錄音,回答24-48題
A.Enjoying strong feelings and emotions.
B.Defying all dangers when they have to.
C.Being fond of making sensational news.
D.Dreaming of becoming famous one day.
25、
A.Working in an emergency room.
B.Watching horror movies.
C.Listening to rock music.
D.Doing daily routines.
26、
A.A rock climber.
B.A psychologist.
C.A resident doctor.
D.A career consultant.
Section C
Directions：In this section，you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time.You are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally，when the pas—sage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.
27、聽錄音，回答27-36題
If you are like most people，you’ve indulged in fake listening many times.You go to history class，sit in the third row，and look(26)_____at the instructor as she speaks.But your mind is far away，(27)____ in the clouds of pleasant daydreams.(28)____ you come back to earth：the(29)____ writes an important term on the chalkboard，and you dutifully copy it in your notebook.Every once in awhile the instructor makes a witty remark，causing others in the class to laugh.You smile politely，pre-tending that you’ve heard the remark and found it mildly humorous.You have a vague(30)____ that you aren’t paying close attention，but you tell yourself that any material you miss can be(31)____ from a friend’s notes.Besides，the instructor is talking about road construction in ancient Rome and nothing could be more boring.So back you go into your(32)____ little world.Only later do you realize you’ve missed important information for a test.
Fake listening may be easily exposed，since many speakers are sensitive to facial cues and can tell if you’re merely pretending to listen.Your blank expression and the faraway look in your eyes are the cues that betray your(33)____.
Even if you’re not exposed，there’s another reason to(34)____ fakery：it’s easy for this behavior to become a habit.For some people，the habit is so(35)____ that they automatically start daydreaming when a speaker begins talking on something complex or uninteresting.As a result，they miss lots of valuable information.
第(26)題__________
28、第(27)題__________
29、第(28)題__________
30、第(29)題__________
31、第(30)題__________
32、第(31)題__________
33、第(32)題__________
34、第(33)題__________
35、第(34)題__________
36、第(35)題__________
37、Questions 37-46 are based on the following passage.
There are two types of people in the world.Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other 36 of life，one becomes happy，the other becomes unhappy.This 37 from the different ways in which they consider things，persons，events and the resulting effects upon their minds.
People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things，the pleasant parts of conversation，the well prepared dishes，the goodness of the wine，the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the 38 things.Therefore，they are continually discontented.By their remarks，they sour the pleasure of society，offend many people，and make themselves 39 everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature，such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied。
The 40 of criticizing and being disgusted is perhaps taken up by imitation.It grows into a habit，unknown to its 41.The habit may be strong，but it may be cured when those who have it are 42 of its bad effects on their interests and tastes.I hope this little warning may be of 43 to hem，and help them change this habit.
Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination，it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Those people offend many others;nobody loves them，and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect.This 44 puts them in bad 45 and draws them into arguments.These should change this bad habit.If they do not，it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them.
A.arises
B.assured
C.comforts
D.contrary
E.convinced
F.disagreeable
G.dissatisfied
H.emerges
I.frequently
J.occasionally
K.possession
L.possessors
M.service
N.temper
O.tendency
第(36)題應(yīng)填__________
38、第(37)題應(yīng)填__________
39、第(38)題應(yīng)填__________
40、第(39)題應(yīng)填__________
41、第(40)題應(yīng)填__________
42、第(41)題應(yīng)填__________
43、第(42)題應(yīng)填__________
44、第(43)題應(yīng)填__________
45、第(44)題應(yīng)填__________
46、第(45)題應(yīng)填__________
Section B
Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
47、47-56
A mission to end career hookups
A)Neil Clark Warren has a bold ambition.He wants “people to have a job they love and a marriage they wouldn’t change for anything”.For the 79-year-old founder and chief executive of dating site eHar-mony now wants to match job hunters with employers.
B)The dating marketplace is crowded.Online dating，once stigmatized(使受恥辱)，is now main-sffeam. Eharmony，founded in 2000，today competes with niche sites catering for users from vegetarians to Ayn Rand fans，as well as social media and apps such as Tinder.Though Dr.Warren patently sees his site，which claims to have been responsible for 600，000 marriages，as a cut above those facilitating mere hookups.“Tinder and eHarmony are in two different businesses.Tinder is very superficial;it’s based on looks.’’
C)Dr.Warren wants to broaden eHarmony’s appeal and become a “relationship company”.Not just making love and job matches but also fixing retirees up with advisers and the isolated with friends.He sees loneliness as one of the biggest problems in modem society.Technology，he concedes，is a double-edged sword，both contributing to and combating isolation.
D)But first he is going after the jobs giants，Linkedln and Monster.In December eHarmony’s subsidiary Elevated Careers will launch in the US.Dr.Warren believes there is an untapped market of unfulfilled professionals.“0ver 70 percent of employees identify themselves as not engaged or actively disengaged from theft jobs.We think we Call reduce the amount of turnover and raise the level of productivity for companies by matching candidates with the right job，in the right career，with the right company.’’He insists he can counter the modem career pattern of serial jobs in multiple companies and turn employees monogamous(一夫一妻制).The fallout of those who flit from job to job is far-reaching, he says.His wife’s father, a Massachusetts Institute of Technology graduate，moved jobs 17 times.“That has an impact”, he says.“When a person is unhappy at their job，it affects their home fife，their marriage，their personal relationships，and their relationships with their co-workers.[It has]a negative effect on the productivity of the organisations for which they are working.”So for the past two years he has set social scientists and technology employees to work on the criteria and algorithms(算法)that will help employees and employers find “the one”.The dating site asks sub—scribers to answer about l50 questions to help identify values and personality.So Dr.Warren envisages(設(shè)想)a questionnaire to unearth a candidate’s skills，expectation of culture and personality.
E)Few recruiters do well on matching an employee with a company culture，he says，“The majority of the workforce change jobs for reasons directly related to company culture.It is imperative we bring candidates verifiable company-culture data that matches to their core work values so they can find the best possible opportunities to experience a meaningful and emotional connection with their work.’’The details of such data remain secret.Dr.Warren knows about being faithful to one career.He worked as a relationship psychologist for 40 years before setting up eHarmony.Originally from as mall town in Iowa，he went to a school attended by only l7 pupils.He was the only child in his class.“I came both first and last�！県e jokes.His father was a “true entrepreneur”who，says Dr.Warren，“owned the town”.
F)Dr：Warren’s brother-in-law took an interest in him as a teenager and encouraged his intellectual curiosity-no one else in his family had been to university.He studied at Princeton Theological Seminary before doing a PhD in clinical psychology at the University of Chica90.His interest in relationships came from his Christian beliefs but also a sense that despite their 70-year marriage，his parents were incompatible.“My father was brilliant，very vital.He liked to talk about big things like the Middle East but my mother couldn’t keep up with him.They didn’t talk about much.”
G)He says the relationship still worked very well for their children：“They never said anything sarcastic to each other�！盉ut his parents’ example instilled in him the belief that a “l(fā)ong marriage is not necessarily a great marriage”.So Dr.Warren set up as a marriage counselor，seeing more than 7，700 people over the decades.The counseling only confirmed his convictions that divorce was due to incompatibility that should have been evident before the wedding.“I thought people had found the wrong person.They had never received any training about who they should meet.”
H)Pre-marital counseling did not seem to work.“I never had one couple cancel their wedding as a re-suit.”He recalls one session in which the man told his fianc6e：‘‘Nothing this mall says will stop me marrying you.”It was this that set him-together with his son-in-law-on the idea of matchmaking online.Dr. Warren had also reached a point in his career when his work had become “samey”.Despite diversifying into writing relationship books and running seminars，he craved stimulation.So in 2000，just before the dotcom bubble burst，the pair managed to raise$2.5m funding.
I)It was difficult to find subscribers at the start，he says，because internet dating was relatively new.The first users tended to be those living in sparsely populated areas so there were a lot of long-distance relationships.But gradually，the California-based site grew.In 2007 he stood down from the privately owned company and moved to Maine with his wife to enjoy their 30-acre grounds.complete with golf course，swimming pool and tennis courts.Despite trying to stay active，he got bored，and，convinced that his company had lost its way，returned as chief executive.
J)During retirement he read a lot of books about comeback kings such as Starbucks’ Howard Schultz and Steve Jobs.He felt “glad to have a chance to run the company as he wanted it”.In doing so he cut his staff from 320 to 190 and says the reorganisation is aligned with his views on job-matching.“We matched people with the fight jobs in our own company.”Can the 79-year-old grandfather keep on working?“I don’t think Ill ever retire.I was bored in retirement.”He hopes，however，that the company’s chief operating officer will take over when that day eventually comes.“He’s a verb and Im a noun.’’What does he mean?“Im more of a visionary and he’s more of a doer�！�
According to Neil Warren，technology helps create and prevent social isolation at the same time.
48、 Dr.Warren believes that job dissatisfaction would color every other part of your life with shades of gloom.
49、 Dr.Warren’s interest in relationships derived from his religious faith and his parents’ marital status.
50、 Employees’ compatibility with the company culture is the main reason of job hopping.
51、 Had people received any training about who their Mr. /Mrs. Right should be，the chances of happy marriage would be greater.
52、 Dr.Warren hopes that his chief operating officer would realize what he has envisioned for the company.
53、 If a good match between employers and employees takes place.the turnover rate could be decreased and the level of productivity for companies raised.
54、 Online dating is considered much more socially acceptable to meet new great new friends and potential love matches.
55、 The dead end of pre-martial counseling gave Dr.Warren the idea of matchmaking online.
56、 The first users of an online dating service are those living in the remote and sparsely inhabited areas.
Section C
Directions：There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A.，B.，C.andD..You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
57、Questions 57-66 are based on the following passage.
In a research paper，two security experts at the web giant have outlined a future in which the main way of guaranteeing we are who we say we are online will be possession of a physical token(令牌)，per-haps embedded in smart phones or even jewellery.They have added to growing claims that passwords are both inherently insecure and increasingly impractical.
To make them more difficult for criminals to guess，web services have forced people to use longer passwords with different types of characters，but that also makes them more difficult to remember.To add to the headache，experts also advise against using the same password for different services，to reduce the impact if one is hacked.
“Along with many in the industry，we feel passwords and simple bearer tokens such as cookies are no longer sufficient to keep users safe，”said Google vice-President of security Eric Grosse and engineer Mayank Upadhyay，in an article to be published in an engineering journal.Cookies are small text files is-sued by websites to web browser software to keep visitors logged in once they have entered their pass-word.“We’d like your smart phone or smartcard-embedded finger ring to authorize a new computer via a tap on the computer，even in situations in which your phone might be without cellular connectivity，’’the Googlers wrote.
Grosse and Upadhyay said they are currently experimenting with YubiKey，a tiny USB stick that implements highly secure “one time pad” cryptography(密碼學(xué))to log in to Google services，as a replacement for passwords.In the future，they want similar authentication technology to work wirelessly and across all of a person’s online accounts.“We’11 have to have some form of screen unlock.maybe pass—words but maybe something else，”Grosse said，Wired reports.“But the primary authenticator wilt be a token like this or some equivalent piece of hardware.’’
Security experts have pointed to the problems with passwords for years，and suggested alternatives，but none have been widely adopted because they would require web services to adopt standards.Grosseand Upadhyay’s paper is attracting attention because coming from the world’s biggest web company，it may stand a better chance of success.“others have tried similar approaches but achieved little success in the consumer world.’’Grosse and Upadhyay wrote.“Although we recognize that our initiative will like-wise remain speculative until we’ve proven large scale acceptance，we’re eager to test it with other web-sites.”
Given the rivalries online and the low cost and ubiquity of passwords，progress remains a tall order，however.Bill Gates predicted the death of passwords at a security conference in 2004.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。
According to the passage，what can we know about cookies?
A.They can be embedded in smart phones.
B.They can help remember users’ passwords.
C.They are no longer safe for computers.
D.They are created by website visitors.
58、 Grosse and Upadhyay mentioned the following statements EXCEPT that __________.
A.people could use finger rings to replace passwords
B.passwords and cookies are no longer safe
C.they are still doing experiments with a Yubikey
D.mey need to get large scale acceptance
59、 What does“this’’refer to in the last sentence of Paragraph Four?
A.Screen unlock.
B.A password.
C.A cookie.
D.A tiny USB stick.
60、 The reason why alternatives of passwords haven’t been widely adopted is that __________.
A.they cannot work wirelessly
B.they need support from big web companies
C.web services need to follow certain standards[
D.they are too expensive for consumers
61、 What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.Google aims to replace passwords with physical tokens.
B.The problems of passwords are drawing more attention.
C.Passwords are predicted to disappear.
D.Finding alternatives of passwords remains a tall order.
62、Questions62-71are based on the following passage.
The international space station is getting a new，inflatable room that resembles a giant spare tire，NASA announced Wednesday.Slated to launch in mid-2015，the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module，or BEAM，will fly to space deflated before being puffed into a 13-by-10-foot cylinder.Rather than providing new living space for astronauts，the module will test whether inflatable habitats have a future as or-biting laboratories，lunar outposts or living quarters for de印-space missions.And it’s arriving at a bar-gain price for space hardware.NASA is paying Bigelow Aerospace of Nevada$17.8 million for the module.
“This is a great way for NASA to utilize private-sector investment，and for pennies on the dollar to expand our understanding of this technology，”said Lori Garver，the agency’s deputy administrator.Station astronauts will periodically enter the BEAM to check whether its thick yet flexible walls，which in。elude layers of Kevlar(芳綸纖維)，adequately block the twin hazards of space travel：radiation and micrometeoroids(微流星體)traveling faster than bullets.“The plan is to have the hatch closed most of the time，with the crew going in and out a few times a year to collect data，”Garver said.The module will stay attached to the station for two years.“We have ambitions to go to the moon someday，have a base there，”said Robert Bigelow，the real estate and hotel magnate who founded Bigelow Aerospace.Inflata-bles offer two advantages over traditional aluminum-can-like modules. They weigh less per cubic foot of living space，making them cheaper to launch，and they can balloon to diameters far too wide to fit on cur-rent rockets.
Bigelow licensed the concept from NASA in 1999 after the agency abandoned plans to use inflatable living quarters for a mission to Mars.NASA is Bigelow’s first customer.On Wednesday，Bigelow said he and his wife have invested $250 million into developing inflatable space habitats.They hope to at-tract wealthy tourists，pharmaceutical companies and governments that want affordable space programs to an orbital outpost that Bigelow says will be ready to fly in 2016.
Called Alpha，the private space station will offer living space for 12，twice the occupancy of the international space station.Renting one-sixth of Alpha for two months will cost $25 million，Bigelow said，transportation not included.It’s unclear if a market exists for a private space station，said Scott Pace，director of the Space Policy Institute at George Washington University.Still，Bigelow has already tasted success.In 2006 and 2007，the company launched two small inflatable satellites atop Russian ballistic missiles.Both operated as planned.
Wednesday’s announcement marks a deepening of NASA’s partnerships with commercial companies.The agency is also funding three companies developing craft to transport astronauts to and from orbit-vehicles also needed to bring customers to Bigelow’s outposts.One of those companies，Space Exploration Technologies，or SpaceX，will fly the BEAM module to the space station in the ‘‘trunk” of one of its un-crewed Dragon capsules.“It sounds like a good deal for both NASA and Bigelow，”said Pace，“Nothing can replace flight.test experience.”
The project may also stymie criticism that the l6-nation international space station，which took 13 years to construct，has been underutilized by NASA，said former station commander--Michael Lopez-Alegria.president of the Commercial Spaceflight Federation.“It’s a real step in the fight direction.”
According to the passage，BEAM is used as __________.
A.a new living space for astronauts
B.all orbiting laboratory
C.an outpost on the moon
D.a test for inflatable habitats
63、 An of the following statements ale the advantages of inflatables EXCEPT that __________.
A.they are much fighter than traditional modules
B.they are less expensive to launch
C.they Call expand to larger room
D.they Call fit current rockets，
64、 What is Scott Pace’s attitude towards Alpha?
A.Optimistic.
B.Pessimistic.
C.Objective.
D.Indifferent.
65、 What does “Stymie” in the last paragraph mean?
A.To prevent.
B.To increase.
C.To arouse.
D.To deepen.
66、 What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.NASA is cooperating with private companies.
B.The international space station is getting a new inflatable module.
C.NASA is launching a private space station.
D.Bigelow is investing on inflatable space habitats.
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
67、在云南南部隱秘的'低地叢林(lowland jungle)里，居住著中國(guó)最神秘的野生動(dòng)物之——亞象。亞洲野象是中國(guó)一級(jí)野生保護(hù)動(dòng)物，中國(guó)境內(nèi)現(xiàn)僅存300余頭。亞洲野象的一次遷徙可以走到中國(guó)北方的北京那么遠(yuǎn)。它們僅僅存活于隱秘的山谷之中。大象是森林的建筑師(architect)，竹子和草是它們最喜愛(ài)的食物，它們偶爾也會(huì)毫不留情地把一些樹苗(sapling)、樹葉以及一些盤旋的藤蔓植物(twisted liana)吃掉。
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 2
1. 【模擬】We expect students to be able to exhaust the reference ___ in the library.
A. selections
B. collections
C. sources
D. origins
2.【真題】 Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were ____ deeply.(.6)
A. appreciated
B. approved
C. appealed
D. applied
3.【模擬】 I can’t ____ on my studies with all that noise going on.
A. absorb
B. concern
C. involve
D. concentrate
4.【真題】 It is said that math teacher seems ____ towards bright student.(.6)
A. partial
B. beneficial
C. preferable
D. liable
5.【模擬】 She was ___ to divorce,but she couldn’t tolerate her husband any more.
A. willing
B. reluctant
C. hesitant
D. determined
答案及解析
1. 【解析】答案為C
selection選擇;collection收集品;(reference)source(參考)資料;origin起源,出身。
【譯文】我們期望學(xué)生們能夠?qū)D書館的參考資料作到物盡其用。
Source
n.源泉，發(fā)源地；來(lái)源，出處
【聯(lián)想】source和origin均有“來(lái)源”之意。Source強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的來(lái)源，出處（the place），如：the source of the news；origin強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的來(lái)源（the beginning point），起因，如：the origin of thecustom，origin還表示“出身，血統(tǒng)”
2.【解析】答案為A
appreciate賞識(shí)，感激，增值；approve贊成，批準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)；appeal請(qǐng)求，呼吁，上訴，求助；apply申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用。
【譯文】給我們那些珍貴的圖書禮物令我們深深感動(dòng)。
appeal
n.呼吁，懇求；感染力，吸引力，申訴，上訴 vt.將……上訴，將……移交上級(jí)法院審理 vi.呼吁，懇求；有吸引力，有感染力；上訴，申訴； （to）訴諸，訴請(qǐng)裁覺(jué)（或證實(shí)等）
【搭配】appeal to sb for sth為某人呼吁；appeal to sb to do sth呼吁某人做某事；appeal to sb對(duì)某人有吸引力；make an appeale for…懇請(qǐng)
3.【解析】答案為D
be absorbed in全神貫注于；be concerned with 與……有關(guān)；be involved in使卷入；concentrate on全神貫注于。
【譯文】吵鬧聲不絕于耳，我無(wú)法集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。
concentrate
vi.全神貫注，全力以赴；集中，聚集 vt.集中，聚集；濃縮 n.濃縮物，濃縮液
【聯(lián)想】concentration n.專心；集中濃度
【搭配】concentrate on （doing）sth全神貫注于某事
4.【解析】答案為A
be partial towards偏袒；be beneficial to對(duì)……有利；be preferable to更合意/傾向，be liable to易于……的。
【譯文】聽說(shuō)數(shù)學(xué)老師似乎偏袒聰明的學(xué)生。
liable
a.可能，大概的；有法律責(zé)任的，有義務(wù)的；易于……的，有傾向的，易患……病的。
【聯(lián)想】be liable to sth易于……的.；be liable for sth有……的責(zé)任/義務(wù)；be liable to do sth有做……的傾向，易于做……
5.【解析】答案為B
willing愿意的，樂(lè)意的；reluctant不情愿的；hesitant猶豫的，躊躇的；determined決心已定的，堅(jiān)定的，決定的。
【譯文】她不愿意離婚，但她實(shí)在無(wú)法容忍她的丈夫了。
reluctant
a.不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的
【聯(lián)想】（近）unwilling a.不情愿的；reluctance n.勉強(qiáng)
【搭配】be reluctant to do sth不情愿做某事
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 3
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue. 1.What is the best possible title of the passage? -
a.Drug and Food
b.Cancer and Health
c.Food and Health d.Health and Drug
2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture? a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons
b.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals c.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years. d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world. 3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?
a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated. b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food. c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food. d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.
4.What are nitrates used for? a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.
b.They preserve the color of meats.
c.They are the objects of research. d.They cause the animals to become fatter. -
5.The word carcinogenic most nearly means _____.
a.trouble-making
b.color-retaining
c.money-making
d.cancer-causing
答案：cacbd
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 4
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文：
毛筆(brush pen)是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的書寫工具和繪畫工具。中國(guó)人使用毛筆寫字作畫的歷史已有數(shù)千年之久，歷史上有秦代蒙恬造筆的傳說(shuō)。筆頭(nib)多用動(dòng)物毛發(fā)制成,比如兔毛、羊毛、狼毛等等，筆桿(penholder)多用竹子。由于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)文化的需求，毛筆已經(jīng)逐漸被其他書寫工具取代，成為收藏和鑒賞的古玩�，F(xiàn)在，用毛筆寫字和作畫仍然是許多兒童和中老年人的愛(ài)好，因?yàn)樗梢云届o心情、強(qiáng)身健體。毛筆是中國(guó)書法(calligraphy)和繪畫中必不可少的元素。
參考翻譯:
The brush pen is a traditional Chinese tool ofwriting and painting. Chinese people have used thebrush pen to write or paint for thousands of years.There is a legend about Meng Tian’s creation of thebrush pen in Qin Dynasty. The nib of a brush penis made of the hair of an animal, say, the rabbit, the sheep, the wolf, etc. The penholder isoften made of bamboo. Because of the requirement of social economy and culture, the brushpen has been replaced by other writing tools, and has become an antique for collection andappreciation. Now it is still a hobby of many children and elderly people to write or paint witha brush pen, for it can make people calm, strong and healthy. The brush pen is anindispensable element in Chinese calligraphy and painting.
1.第二句“中國(guó)人使用毛筆…的傳說(shuō)”表達(dá)起來(lái)比較復(fù)雜，可以譯成兩個(gè)句子。前一句說(shuō)明中國(guó)人使用毛筆的歷史之久，后一句說(shuō)蒙恬造筆的`傳說(shuō)。這樣可避免表達(dá)不清而出錯(cuò)。
2.“歷史上有秦代蒙恬造筆的傳說(shuō)”中的“歷史上”處在主語(yǔ)的位置，但是從邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)看，它不是“有”的施動(dòng)者，本句缺少施動(dòng)者，因此譯文應(yīng)使用there be句型�！皻v史上”可以不翻譯，因?yàn)椤扒卮边@個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)已經(jīng)包含“歷史上”的意思。
3.第五句“現(xiàn)在，用毛筆…”中的主語(yǔ)是“用毛筆寫字和作畫”，在翻譯時(shí)，為了避免頭重腳輕，譯文采用了it作形式主語(yǔ)，將真正主語(yǔ)to write or paint with a brush pen放在后面，這樣更符合英文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
4.第五句中的“平靜心情”是兩個(gè)詞，但在翻譯中，用calm—個(gè)詞表達(dá)即可，因?yàn)閏alm本身暗含了“心情”的意思。
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 5
In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Keseys Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskins followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana. Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a -
commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinners "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.
1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s? a.They were not satisfied with American society.
b.They wanted to grow marijuana.
c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.
d.They did not want all people to be equal.
2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?
a.In dome-shaped house
b.In old school huses
c.On a farm inTennessee
d.In an archology in Arizona
3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house? a.Paolo Soleri
b.B.G.Skinner c.Steve Gaskin -
d.Buckminster Fuller
4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?
a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"
b.Virginaia in the late 1960s c.The ideas of psychologist
d.The belief that people must live closely togerher.
5.What is an "archology"? a.A person who studies archaeology
b.A large building where people live closely together c.A city in A rizona
d.A technique to contorl people
答案：abdcb
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 6
There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.
A.if we complete our short-range goals
B.if we cannot reach solid short-term goals
C.if we write down the dates -
D.if we put forward some plans
2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.
A.two years B.long-term goals
C.current activities D.the goals that have been completed 3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______. A.we will win final success
B.we are overwhelmed
C.we should build up confidence of success
D.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.
A.we should stick to them until we complete them
B.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities C.we had better wait for the exciting news of success D.we have made great decision
5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______. A.those who habe long-term goals will succeed
B.writing down the dates may discourage you
C.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination D.every should have a goal
答案：adcbc
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 7
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension?(35 minutes)
SectionA
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。
11. A) Look for a more suitable job.
B) Accept the extra work willingly.
C) Trade places with someone else.
D) Ask his boss for a lighter schedule.
12. A) He does not believe what the woman has told him.
B) He is uncertain where his wife is at the moment.
C) It is unusual for his wife to be at home now.
D) It is strange for his wife to call him at work.
13. A) The man is going to send out the memo tomorrow.
B) The man will drive the woman to the station.
C) The woman is concerned with the man’s health.
D) The speakers are traveling by train tomorrow morning.
14. A) A suite was booked instead of a double room.
B) The room booked was on a different floor.
C) The room booked was not spacious enough.
D) The suite booked was for a different date.
15. A) The fierce competition they face.
B) The reason for low profits.
C) The company’s sales policy.
D) The lack of effective promotion.
16. A) Do some shopping on their way home.
B) Have the groceries delivered to them.
C) Go and get the groceries at once.
D) Manage with what they have.
17. A) The problem with the air conditioner.
B) The hot weather in summer.
C) The atmosphere in the office.
D) The ridiculous rules of the office.
18. A) Find the priceless jewel she lost.
B) Buy a ring with precious diamond.
C) Set a new stone in her ring.
D) Shop on Oxford Street for a decent gift.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) Damaging public facilities C) Organizing rallies in the park
B) Hurting baby animals in the zoo D) Destroying urban wildlife
20. A) The serious consequences of his doings were not fully realized.
B) His behaviour was thought to have resulted from mental illness.
C) He had bribed the park keepers to keep quiet.
D) People had differing opinions about his behaviour
21. A) Brutal C) Justifiable
B) Too Harsh D) Well-deserved
22.A) Organising people against the authorities.
B) Stealing endangered animals from the zoo.
C) Encouraging others to follow his wrong doing.
D) Attacking the park keepers in broad daylight.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23.A) She is good at foreign languages. C) She is fond of practical courses.
B) She has already left school. D) She works for the handicapped.
24.A) He speaks French and German. C)He is interested in science courses.
B)He attends a boarding school. D)He is the brightest of her three kids.
25.A) Comprehensive schools do not offer quality education.
B) Children from low income families can’t really choose schools.
C) Public schools are usually bigger in size than private schools.
D) Parents decide what schools their children are to attend.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。
Passage One
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 8
Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement. One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs. College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks. Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work. Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist. "Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they -
spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."
1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____. a.produce a report on sexual discrimination b.call for further improvement in their working conditions
c.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination d.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities
2.From this passage ,we know that _____.
a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texas b.women play an important part in adminitrating the University c.the weather on the campus is chilly d.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University
3.Which of the following statements is true? a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985 b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985 c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985 d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University
4.One of the positive results from Milburns study was that _____. -
a.women were told to con centrate on teir work
b.women were given information about available administrative jobs
c.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversity d.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities
5. The title for this passage should be _______.
a.The University of Texas
b.Milburns Report c.Women Professors
d.Sexual Discrimination in Academia
答案：ddabd
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 9
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our -lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.
1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____. a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health c.they are travelling fast all the time
d.they are becoming busier with their work
2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________. a.not fearing stress b.knowing the art of relaxation
c.high sense of responsibility
d.having control over performance
3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?
a.We can find some ways to avoid stress b.Stress is always harmful to people
c.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work. d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress
4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______. a."making a choice between flight or fight" b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically" -
c."responding to crises quickly"
d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"
5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______. a."expose ourselves to stress"
b."find ways to deal with stress" c."remove stress from our lives"
d."established links between diseases and stress"
答案：dadbc
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 10
Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among -
female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth. 1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____. a.traffic accidents
b.smoking-related desease
c.murder d.all of these
2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker. a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000 3.By "dropout" the author means______.
a.students who failed the examination
b.students who left school c.students who lost their way d.students who were driven out of school
4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________. a.NCI has taken effective measures b.smoking is prevented among high school seniors
c.there are many smokers who have died of cancer d.none of these -
5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________. a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little
b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors c.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth d.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 11
1. This kind of medicine has the power to _______poison.
A.splash
B.resist
C.adopt
D.occupy
2. He is easily _______ so I do not like to talk with him.
A.defended
B.afforded
C.created
D.offended
3.I am _______ to believe that he won’t come back to see his wife again.
A.inclined
B.puzzled
C.accompanied
D.performed
4.Before you mail this letter, you should check again whether you have _______ it or not.
A.sunk
B.sighed
C.sought
D.sealed
5.After talking for nearly ten hours, he _______ to the government’s pressure at last.
A.expressed
B.yielded
C.decreased
D.approved
6.My hands and feet were ________ with cold as I waited for the bus.
A. cliff
B.still
C.stiff
D.stick
7.This problem is beyond his ability and he can not ________ it.
A.slip
B.pack
C.gain
D.solve
8.When you buy the spare parts for your car, try to get the _______ ones from the authorized dealer.
A.genuine
B.generous
C.genius
D.gentle
9.If you use _______, you can get a higher quality picture.
A.wax
B.shame
C.goose
D.slides
10.Who _______ this country, the people or the president? This question is not easy to answer.
A.frightens
B.differs
C.displays
D.governs
11.This morning in the class, our teacher lost his _______ at last because he could not stand any more.
A.temper
B.terror
C.verse
D.contain
12.It is not ---_______ for me to return all the books to the library now because I still need some of them for my research.
A. continuous
B.difficult
C.convenient
D.sufficient
13.When traveling alone in the mountains, you’d better take a _______ with you in case you get lost.
A.compass
B.compress
C.complse
D.campus
14.As a teacher, you should not _______ the students from asking questions in class.
A.ruin
B.restrain
C.import
D.impose
15.If you have any problems during your study here, please do not _______ to call me for help
A.hesitate
B.despair
C.urge
D.request
答案:
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.B
6.C 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.D
ACABA
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 12
孫武是春秋末期(the late Spring and Autumn Period)杰出的軍事家(strategist)。他所著的《孫子兵法》 (Sun Zis Art of War)是中國(guó)古代最著名的兵書，也是世界上現(xiàn)存最早的兵書�！秾O子兵法》現(xiàn)存13篇，共 6000字。在這不長(zhǎng)的篇幅中，孫武全面論述了自己對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的看法，提出了諸如知彼知己、集中優(yōu)勢(shì)兵力打敗敵人等許多作戰(zhàn)思想�！秾O子兵法》已被譯為多種文字，在世界上也享有很高的`聲譽(yù)。
參考譯文：
Sun Wu was an outstanding strategist in the lateSpring and Autumn Period. His work, Sun Zis Art ofWar, was the most famous work of military sciencein ancient China, also the earliest one existing in theworld. Sun Zis Art of War consists of 13 characters.In this limited space, Sun Wu elaborated his wide-ranging views on war. He put forward many military philosophies, such as knowing yourself andknowing your enemy, and concentrating superior force to thoroughly defeat the enemy. SunZis Art of War has been translated into many different languages and enjoys a highinternational reputation.
題目解析：
1.在第2句中，兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)部分較長(zhǎng)，因此定語(yǔ)“他所著的”不宜再后置，而采用“減詞”譯法把“所著”省略，用hiswork也能表達(dá)原意。翻譯“是……，也是……”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以承前省略第2個(gè)系動(dòng)詞be，將 “也是......”的內(nèi)容作為同位語(yǔ)，使句子更簡(jiǎn)潔明了。
2.第2句中的“世界上現(xiàn)存最早的兵書”用了兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)“世界上現(xiàn)存的”和“最早的”，英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中習(xí)慣將表動(dòng)作的定語(yǔ)后置，故將“世界上現(xiàn)存的”表達(dá)為existing in the world作后置定語(yǔ)。
3.第3句中的“《孫子兵法》現(xiàn)存13篇，共6000字”這個(gè)句子中，如果逐字對(duì)譯“現(xiàn)存13篇”為exist 13chapters，用英文語(yǔ)義不通，而應(yīng)意譯為consists of 13 chapters。同時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)amounting to6,000 Chinese characters作伴隨狀語(yǔ)來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，表達(dá)更為緊湊。
4.最后一句中的“在世界上享有很高的聲譽(yù)”中的狀語(yǔ)“在世界上”可轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞international，使行文更流暢�！跋碛小弊g為enjoy表現(xiàn)出了英語(yǔ)的韻味。
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 13
If the salinity(含鹽量) of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place.Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation--conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salts staybehind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind.
The opposite of evaporation is precipitation(降水), such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted(稀釋) so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff(形成地表水部分的降水).
Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions whererivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.
A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.
In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezingprocess, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of the oceans of the world.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.The best title of the passage can be “_____”.
A.Typical Oceans and Their Respective Features
B.The Causes of the Changes in Salinity of Ocean Water
C.Different Oceans Have Different Salinity
D.The Precipitation and Evaporation of Oceans
2.Which of the following processes will increase salinity of ocean waters?
A.Evaporation.
B. Precipitation.
C. Melting.
D. Dilution.
3.According to this passage, the sea _ is likely to have the lowest salinity.
A. in tropical areas
B. off Antarctica
C. of high rainfall
D. with abundant
4.The Weddell Sea _____.
A.is a good example of increased salinity in freezing sea water
B.is much larger in area than the Arctic oceans
C.has a much lower salinity now than ever
D.has the denser water in its upper parts
5.Coastal regions are mentioned as cases where _____.
A.sea water is less salty because fresh water joins in
B.rivers carry industrial exhaust into sea
C.sea ice tends to melt more quickly than in the center of oceans
D. heavy water sinks to the deeper portions of the oceans
答案：
1.[B]主旨大意題。本文第1段第3句是全文的主題句，告訴讀者有三種原因致使海洋鹽分變化并逐一介紹這三種原因，選項(xiàng)B比較全面地歸納了本文的主題。選項(xiàng)A和C中心詞為oceans,不妥，選項(xiàng)D只提及了前面兩種原因，不全面。
2.[A]亊實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。只要明白第1段第5句中的in this manner是指第4句中的evaporation,不難做出正確選擇。選項(xiàng)B、C會(huì)使含鹽量減少,很容易排除。具體的反證分別出現(xiàn)在第2段首句、第3段尾句和第4段首句。
3.[C]推理判斷題。綜合3種情況，造成海洋含鹽量低的原因有：降雨多、日曬少、遠(yuǎn)離熱帶和海冰融化，由此可推斷選項(xiàng)C最符合。A和D是使海水含鹽量增加的`，因此可排除。B是否一定海水含鹽低，文中并未提到。
4.[A]推理判斷題。選項(xiàng)A是對(duì)最后一段第1句的同義改寫。同一句可知選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)。選項(xiàng)B根本沒(méi)有提及。文章最后一句表明D正好與亊實(shí)相反。
5.[A]推理判斷題。coastal regions字眼在文章中提到兩遍，分別在第2段第3句及第3段最后一句。只要能夠迅速査找到任何一處均可做出正確判斷為A。B和C無(wú)原文支持;D張冠李戴，原文提及D內(nèi)容涉及的是Weddell Sea,而非coastal regions.
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 14
Examinations have a longer history in China than in any other country, yet it is today an issue around in which controversy flourishes. At each stage of their school lives children are faced with exams: exams to enter junior middle school, senior middle school, vocational school, colleges and universities. As a result of having constantly to think of these hurdles facing them children find themselves under constant pressure, unable to take time off from studying exam-oriented subjects to relax with friends or to develop other interests. Within school the concentration on exam success leads to the neglect of courses which are not central to the examinations and a method of teaching and learning which emphasizes training the ability to do well in tests but neglects developing the ability to think creatively.
Despite such criticisms the examination system still has its defenders. Without it, they argue, how can we test students abilities and evaluate the effectiveness of teachers and schools? They believe that they provide the only objective way of selecting students and reduce the exercise of unfair back-door practices to gain advantage for children on the basis of influence or corruption. Examinations are also felt to offer the impetus to students to master their subject in a way in which they otherwise might not. "While too much anxiety can be a bad thing, a little anxiety can stimulate students to learn better than if left without any test to pass," says Li Jie, a leading advocate of the value of testing. "I can remember things now which give me great pleasure which I doubt I would have learned at the time if I had not had to do so for the examinations."
57. Which of the following statements about examinations in China is correct?
[A] People can make money out of examinations.
[B] Only students of today have to take examinations.
[C] Students have to learn more about history than about any other subjects.
[D] People have different opinions concerning the value of examinations.
58. What is a possible result if students pay too much attention to examinations?
[A] Students neglect those exam-oriented subjects.
[B] Students are unable to relax with friends or to develop other interests.
[C] Teachers neglect the training of the students ability to do well in tests.
[D] Students only pay attention to the development of their ability to think creatively.
59. Which of the following has NOT been mentioned as the advantage of examinations?
[A] Examinations are the only objective way of selecting students.
[B] Examinations are the only objective way to eliminate the problem of corruption.
[C] Examinations can tell us that too much anxiety can be a bad thing.
[D] Examinations can better stimulate students to study.
60. According to the passage, why are some people against exams?
[A] They are meaningless. [B] They will make students learn something useless.
[C] They are believed to cause stress for the students. [D] They are not related to the reality of life.
61. Which of the following is an acceptable summary of the organization of this passage?
[A] Discussing a problem in education. [B] Refuting a long held opinion.
[C] Persuading people to believe an idea. [D] Presenting a controversial issue and arguments from both sides.
參考答案：57. D 58. B 59. C 60. C 61. D
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 15
If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan. Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon. When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus. -
1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.
a.food
b.oil
c.space d.resources
2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____ a.it might be possible to change its atmosphere b.its atmosphere is the same as the earths
c.there is a good supply of water on Venus
d.the days on Venus are long enough
3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.
a.water
b.carbon dioxide
c.carbon monoxide d.oxygen
4.Algae are plants that can____.
a.live in very hot temperatures
b.live in very cold temperatures
c.manufacture oxygen d.all of the above
5. Man can land on Venus only when_______. a.the algae have done their work -
b.the atmosphere becomes cooler
c.thereis oxygen
d.it rains there
答案：cabdd
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 16
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.
1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____. a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health
c.they are travelling fast all the time
d.they are becoming busier with their work
2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________. a.not fearing stress b.knowing the art of relaxation c.high sense of responsibility
d.having control over performance
3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?
a.We can find some ways to avoid stress b.Stress is always harmful to people
c.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.
d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress
4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______. a."making a choice between flight or fight"
b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically" c."responding to crises quickly"
d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"
5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______. a."expose ourselves to stress"
b."find ways to deal with stress" c."remove stress from our lives"
d."established links between diseases and stress"
答案：dadbc
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 17
Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth. 1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____. a.traffic accidents b.smoking-related desease
c.murder d.all of these
2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker. a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000
3.By "dropout" the author means______.
a.students who failed the examination
b.students who left school c.students who lost their way d.students who were driven out of school
4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________. a.NCI has taken effective measures
b.smoking is prevented among high school seniors
c.there are many smokers who have died of cancer d.none of these
5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________. a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little
b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors c.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth d.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds 答案：bdbdb
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 18
Newdays,a standard for measuring power has changes foretell a new standard for measuring longer will a nations political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary primary measure of political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. Its often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of opwer and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world.
America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.
The competitiveness of Americas industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society-government,industry,and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.
1. Now a nations political influence depends on _________.
a. the strength of its military forces
b. its ability to compete in industry
c. economic markets
d. both a and b
2. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of _________.
a. its powerful military forces
b. its vast land
c. its industrial competitiveness
d. its contributions to world peace
3. The author indicates that ______ is threatening American political power.
a. other countries
b. the declining industrial base
c. a new standard for measuring power
d. less advanced technology
4. America succeeded in shaping world events over past 40 years probably because of ___________.
a. its ability to adapt technology
b. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its people
c. its ability to compete in the world markets
d. both a and b
5. The purpose of writing this article is __________.
a. to draw the readers attention to a new standard for measuring power
b. to demonstrate American political influence in the world
c. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining industrial base
d. to show American industrial prowess
答案：dabdc
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 19
1. What is the author’s profound belief? A
[A] People instinctively seek nature in different ways.[B] People should spend most of their lives in the wild.
[C] People have quite different perceptions of nature.[D] People must make more efforts to study nature.
2. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays? D
[A] Personal freedom.[B] Things that are natural.
[C] Urban surroundings.[D] Things that are purchased.
3. What does a study in Sweden show? B
[A] The natural environment can help children learn better.[B] More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.
[C] A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.[D] Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.
4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ____D____.
[A] tend to develop a strong love for science[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife
[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthoodD] are less likely to be involved in bullying
5. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD? D
[A] Find more effective drugs for them.[B] Provide more green spaces for them.
[C] Place them under more personal care.[D] Engage them in more meaningful activities.
英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬題 20
What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey. -
1."You would rather follow than red" means_______. a.you dont like to follow others
b.you would be a member rather than a leader c.you would be afraid of following others
d.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower 2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.
a.red to yellow
b.blue to orange
c.red to grey d.blue to yellow
3."They tell us, among other facts,that we dont choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.
a.besides other facts
b.in regard to other facts
c.not considering other facts
d.according to other facts 4.Which of the following is facts? a.Peoples preference of one colour to another is instinct b.Peoples preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.
c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were born d.Colours have little influence on our moods 5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to -
others because of _______.
a.its shape
b.its structure
c.its colour
d.its building materials
答案：bcaac
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