歷年托福聽力真題

　　在平平淡淡的日常中，我們很多時(shí)候都會(huì)有考試，接觸到試題，借助試題可以更好地考查參試者所掌握的知識(shí)和技能。你知道什么樣的試題才算得上好試題嗎？下面是小編為大家整理的歷年托福聽力真題，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。

　　歷年托福聽力真題 1

　　Conversation 1

　　女生想加入爵士樂隊(duì)，盡管專業(yè)是其他但音樂是愛好，想繼續(xù)保持。但教授的team已經(jīng)不缺人了，教授建議她自己多關(guān)于Website，學(xué)生band會(huì)更新信息。

　　-TPO部分對(duì)應(yīng)參考(社團(tuán)生活TPO11-C1/TPO15-C1/TPO26-C1)

　　-TPO對(duì)應(yīng)詞匯

　　校內(nèi)工作，課外活動(dòng)

　　及尋找經(jīng)濟(jì)援助：

　　Letterof reference/recommendation

　　Competitive

　　Benefitfuture career

　　Fieldresearch

　　Collectdata for papers

　　Waiter,waitress，Babysitter

　　Workat the library

　　Qualification資格,qualified 合格的

　　Resume,CV

　　financialaid經(jīng)濟(jì)援助

　　ScholarshipFellowship

　　Teachingassistantship 助教獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金

　　Researchassistantship 研究獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金

　　Grant助學(xué)金

　　Loan 貸款

　　Need-based以需求為基礎(chǔ)

　　Merit-based以優(yōu)秀為基礎(chǔ)

　　Studentunion 學(xué)生會(huì)

　　Clubs俱樂部

　　Membership成員資格

　　Careerservice

　　Lecture 1

　　自然科學(xué)類。講矮行星是如何形成的，與行星的區(qū)別。一個(gè)是ejection theory，跟gravity的原因有關(guān)。第二個(gè)就是吸收的material無法發(fā)光，屏幕給了這兩個(gè)theory的.名詞提醒。

　　-TPO部分對(duì)應(yīng)參考(天文學(xué)TPO18-L1/TPO24-L4/T13-L4)

　　-參考背景

　　Sufficient internal pressure, caused by the bodys gravitation, will turn abody plastic, andsufficient plasticity will allow high elevations to sink and hollows to fillin, a process known as gravitational relaxation. Bodies smaller than a fewkilometers are dominated by non-gravitational forces and tend to have anirregular shape. The Saturnian moon Methone, at around 3 km in diameter, is a roundedbut tidally elongated egg-shape. Larger objects, where gravitation issignificant but not dominant, are "potato" shaped; the more massivethe body is, the higher its internal pressure and the more rounded its shape,until the pressure is sufficient to overcome its internal compressive strength and it achieves hydrostatic equilibrium. At this point a body is as round as it is possible to be, given itsrotation and tidal effects, and is an ellipsoid in shape. This is the defining limit of a dwarf planet.

　　When an object is in hydrostatic equilibrium, a global layer of liquidcovering its surface would form a liquid surface of the same shape as the body,apart from small-scale surface features such as craters and fissures. If thebody does not rotate, it will be a sphere, but the faster it does rotate, themore oblate or even scalene it becomes. However, if such a rotating body were to be heated until itmelted, its overall shape would not change when liquid. The extreme example ofa non-spherical body in hydrostatic equilibrium is Haumea, whichis twice as long along its major axis as it is at the poles. If the body has amassive nearby companion, then tidal forces come into effect as well,distorting it into a prolate spheroid. An example of this is Jupiters moon Io, which is the most volcanically active bodyin the Solar System due to effects of tidal heating. Tidal forces also cause a bodys rotationto gradually become tidally locked, such that it always presents the same faceto its companion. An extreme example of this is the Pluto–Charon system, whereboth bodies are tidally locked to each other. Earths Moon is also tidally locked, as are many satellites of the gas giants.

　　Lecture 2

　　社會(huì)科學(xué)類。人類從什么時(shí)候開始cultivated，然后舉了個(gè)小麥的例子，后面又說data用電腦分析。

　　-TPO部分對(duì)應(yīng)參考(考古學(xué)TPO14-L4/TPO23-L1/TPO24-L3)

　　-參考背景

　　Wheat is one of the first cereals known to have been domesticated, andwheats ability to self-pollinate greatly facilitated the selection of manydistinct domesticated varieties. The archaeological record suggests that thisfirst occurred in the regions known as the Fertile Crescent. Recent findings estimate the firstdomestication of wheat down to a small region of southeastern Turkey, anddomesticated Einkorn wheat at Wadi el Jilat in Jordan—has been dated to 7,500-7,300 BCE

　　Cultivation of wheat began to spread beyond the Fertile Crescent afterabout 8000 BCE. Jared Diamond traces the spread of cultivated emmer wheat starting in the Fertile Crescent sometimebefore 8800 BCE. Archaeological analysis of wild emmer indicates that it was first cultivated in the southern Levant with finds at Iran dating back as far as 9600 BCE. Genetic analysis of wild einkorn wheatsuggests that it was first grown in the Karacadag Mountains in southeastern Turkey. Dated archeologicalremains of einkorn wheat in settlement sites near this region, including thoseat Abu Hureyra inSyria, suggest the domestication of einkorn near the Karacadag Mountain Range.With the anomalous exception of two grains from Iraq ed-Dubb, the earliest carbon-14 date for einkorn wheat remains at Abu Hureyra is 7800 to 7500 years BCE.

　　Remains of harvested emmer from several sites near the Karacadag Range havebeen dated to between 8600 and 8400 BCE, that is, in the Neolithic period. With the exception of Iraq ed-Dubb, theearliest carbon-14 dated remains of domesticated emmer wheat were found in theearliest levels of Tell Aswad, in the Damascus basin, near Mount Hermon in Syria. These remains were dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800BCE. They also concluded that the settlers of Tell Aswad did not develop thisform of emmer themselves, but brought the domesticated grains with them from anas yet unidentified location elsewhere.

　　Lecture 3

　　藝術(shù)類。講一幅畫究竟畫的莎士比亞。在一個(gè)private collection上第一次出現(xiàn)，有人說畫像中的人是莎士比亞。但一直有debate,因?yàn)橛X得當(dāng)時(shí)的playwright沒有地位，不能穿這樣的衣服。

　　-TPO部分對(duì)應(yīng)參考(美術(shù)學(xué)TPO3-L3/TPO15-L3/TPO21-L4)

　　-參考背景

　　Shakespeare was born and brought up in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith.Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor,writer, and part-owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlains Men, later known as the Kings Men. Heappears to have retired to Stratford around 1613 at age 49, where he died threeyears later. Few records of Shakespeares private life survive, and there hasbeen considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.

　　Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. Hisearly plays were mainly comedies and histories andthese works remain regarded as some of the best work produced in these genres.He then wrote mainly tragedies untilabout 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his lastphase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, andcollaborated with other playwrights.

　　Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality andaccuracy during his lifetime. In 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two friends and fellow actors ofShakespeare, published the First Folio, a collected edition of his dramatic worksthat included all but two of the plays now recognized as Shakespeares. It wasprefaced with a poem by Ben Jonson, in which Shakespeare is hailed,presciently, as "not of an age, but for all time". In the 20th and21st century, his work has been repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by newmovements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular todayand are constantly studied, performed, and reinterpreted in diverse culturaland political contexts throughout the world.

　　Lecture 4

　　生命科學(xué)類。動(dòng)物儲(chǔ)存食物。教授說有兩種研究。一種是一天給早餐，一天不給。一段時(shí)間后，即使天天給，鳥類也會(huì)在一三五早上為了future來store食物。另一種是鳥類分兩組，一組store食物時(shí)，有其他鳥observe,另一組store食物時(shí)沒有其他鳥observe。然后發(fā)現(xiàn)第一組會(huì)在其他鳥走后重新store食物。結(jié)論是鳥類有future plan,還用mental思考。

　　-TPO部分對(duì)應(yīng)參考(動(dòng)物學(xué)TPO8-L1/TPO16-L3/TPO23-L3)

　　歷年托福聽力真題 2

　　C1

　　學(xué)生想出校園植物的手冊(cè)，要經(jīng)費(fèi)。

　　C2

　　學(xué)生去找老師問作業(yè)是不是paper和presentation都要做，后來老師推薦學(xué)生換一個(gè)植物研究，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)有好幾個(gè)學(xué)生選了。

　　C3

　　學(xué)生想?yún)⒓右粋�(gè)旅行，找老師想辦法避免付報(bào)名費(fèi)，老師推薦他去做導(dǎo)游

　　L1

　　莎士比亞

　　L2

　　石碑雕刻

　　L3

　　古代涂漆技術(shù)

　　L4

　　利用史料建立已被毀壞的遺跡的3D模型

　　托福聽力備考技巧

　　一、聽力時(shí)間

　　托福的聽力有兩個(gè)部分的考試，每一部分的考試都會(huì)有一個(gè)對(duì)話和講座，聽力播放的時(shí)間是20分鐘，你作答的時(shí)間是10分鐘，每一個(gè)部分的考試總共是有30分鐘的，兩個(gè)部分加在一起的考試時(shí)間是60分鐘，但是如果有加試的話就需要90分鐘了。

　　二、聽力備考技巧

　　1、訓(xùn)練辨音

　　我們?cè)诰毩?xí)聽力的時(shí)候首先就是要去解決英語的辨音的問題，也就是你在聽到一個(gè)單詞的時(shí)候要能快速的知道它的含義。你可以把之前考過的聽力的原文拿出來訓(xùn)練，把聽力原文都聽抄下來，你在聽寫完了之后先不要要去看原文，你把沒有聽到的句子在拿來反復(fù)聽知道全部都聽清楚為止，然后再來檢查是不是正確的�；蛘呤悄憧梢砸贿吙粗�原文的原文再聽著錄音，在聽的時(shí)候記下不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞，等到聽完第一遍之后再去查這個(gè)單詞的意思，然后再去反復(fù)聽這個(gè)原文的材料，直到你可以不需要看著原文材料也能聽懂為止。

　　2、訓(xùn)練反應(yīng)的速度

　　很多同學(xué)在做聽力題的時(shí)候因?yàn)榉磻?yīng)不是很快，導(dǎo)致有很多的內(nèi)容沒有聽到，如果我們想要拿到聽力的高分，練習(xí)反應(yīng)的`速度是很有必要的。我們可以去看一些英文的電影，不需要有很長(zhǎng)的對(duì)白的電影，你可以在看的過程中去理解這個(gè)對(duì)話的意思。

　　3、記單詞

　　你可以去背一下以往托�？荚嚶犃χ谐霈F(xiàn)過的名詞，聽聽力的時(shí)候把關(guān)鍵的單詞聽懂往往能夠找到題目的答案，你在記名詞的時(shí)候可以把他們分類來進(jìn)行記憶，這樣就不會(huì)有記岔的情況出現(xiàn)了。

　　4、記筆記

　　在做聽力題的時(shí)候可以一邊聽一邊記下來，這樣可以利用筆記來把聽到的內(nèi)容記下來，是不需要你把你聽到的所有內(nèi)容都記下來，只需要把有關(guān)題目的內(nèi)容記下來就可以，尤其是在做細(xì)節(jié)題的時(shí)候，聽到關(guān)鍵的單詞一定要記下來。這也是學(xué)生在美國(guó)的學(xué)校上課需要做的。

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