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2017年高考英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)題型及答案
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考點(diǎn)一、條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
【考例】
—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _____.
A. hadn’t B. haven’t C. didn’t D. don’t
解析：Awould have got wet可知，
考點(diǎn)二、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間/混合虛擬語(yǔ)氣
【考例】
Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying
解析：C。當(dāng)條件從句與結(jié)果主句所表示的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。句意：也許如果當(dāng)時(shí)我學(xué)習(xí)的是科學(xué)而不是文學(xué)的話，那么我(現(xiàn)在)就可以給你更多的幫助了。根據(jù)句意和would be可知主句表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，根據(jù)then一詞可以確定此處條件句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用had done的形式。
考點(diǎn)三、虛擬條件從句的倒裝和省略
【考例】
Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.
A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had
解析：Dwere, had(助動(dòng)詞)或should，if，were, had或should放在主語(yǔ)前構(gòu)成倒裝。如果條件句是否定形式，倒裝時(shí)只能把not放在主語(yǔ)的后面。句意：他們要是早知道將要發(fā)生什么的話，也許就會(huì)有另外的想法了。 根據(jù)Had they known可知，應(yīng)用與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
考點(diǎn)四、含蓄條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣
【考例】
We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ______ more places of interest yesterday.
A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited
解析：D。虛擬語(yǔ)氣中有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句的形式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而暗含在上下文中，通過(guò)某些詞語(yǔ)(如without, otherwise, but, but for等)表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。句意：我們?cè)谛〈迩f里迷路了，否則昨天我們就會(huì)參觀更多的名勝。
考點(diǎn)五、“(should) do” 型虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (主要用在名詞性從句中)
【考例1】
Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow
解析：A。句意：為了安全起見(jiàn)，老師建議家長(zhǎng)不要讓12歲以下的孩子騎自行車(chē)上學(xué)。在表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞性從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”形式。常用于此情況的詞語(yǔ)有：堅(jiān)持(insist)，命令(order, command), 建議(suggest/suggestion, advise, recommend/recommendation)，要求(ask, demand，request, require/requirement)等等。
【考例2】
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______to Miami but to New York?
—I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
解析：B。“(should)+do”型虛擬語(yǔ)氣還包括It is necessary, important... + that+主語(yǔ)+(should)+ do句型。
考點(diǎn)六、wish(ed)后從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
【考例】
— Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
— I wish they ______ always late. (2011北京)
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
解析：A。句意： ——孩子們都到哪里去了?宴會(huì)就要被他們徹底破壞了。 —— 我希望他們不要總是遲到。由always可知本題表示從句動(dòng)作與wish同時(shí)存在或發(fā)生，故選擇A。在wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be常用were); 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成時(shí)或could/would+ have done;與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反用could/would/might +動(dòng)詞原形。注意：“hope +從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。
閱讀填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（一）
Just because you’re the boss doesn’t mean you are right every time. Learn to back up your ideas or decisions with reason. Use logic to explain things, not authority. By doing this your decisions might invite criticism, but you will also get an opportunity to improve.
2. They are generous with praise. Remember the time when you worked really hard but got nothing in return. 2 So every chance you get to praise someone, do it.
3. They are helpful. Never hesitate to help someone. 3 Be specific: “I had the same problem with this coffee machine in the morning. I think I have figured a way to make it work.”
4. They apologize when needed.
We all make mistakes, but what makes a person big is that he is ready to apologize. 4 Don’t try to shift the blame. Just come out and say you’re sorry.
5. They’re in charge of their emotions.
Sometimes it is very important to stay silent, especially when you’re angry. You don’t want to end up saying things you didn’t really mean to. 5 Never be rash (輕率的) with words or actions.
A. They are open to criticism.
B. Don’t try to hide behind excuses.
C. It hurts when your efforts are not recognized.
D. Before you say anything, consider others’ feelings.
E. Give the person in front of you a smile and thank him or her.
F. When you don’t understand how something works, let an expert show you.
G. Don’t say something not clear like, “Can I help you?” because they might say, “No, I’m good.”
(二)
Do you have a habit of starting projects, but not finishing them? If so, you are not alone. 1 How to finish the projects you start? Here is my best tips.
1. Be selective in what you engage in.
When you start on a project, make sure it is something you are enthusiastic about. I took up things which I was half interested in in the past. Eventually I stopped them mid-way. 2 Because of that, I抦 more conscious of how I use my time and energy today.
2. Track your progress.
Tracking your progress helps you understand how you抮e doing and gives you a target to reach. Thisus makes it easier to keep up with your momentum (勢(shì)頭). 3 Specify your KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) that you want to achieve.
3. Celebrate what you’ve done so far.
Sometimes you get discouraged. It seems like no matter how much time you spend, it’s impossible to finish it. 4 Give yourself a big hug. Celebrate the process, the completion, everything.
4. Don抰 force it if it抯 really not working out.
Sometimes, init just happens that you lose interest in the goal. You change; your interests change, and you get new ideas. 5 Because it just prevents more goodness from coming your way.
A. Don抰 try to hold on to what you抳e done.he
B. Actually everything you’ve done so far is an accomplishment!
C. Create a project sheet that records your targets and your current status.
D. That means doing a plan on how much time and effort this idea will take.
E. The easiest way to complete the projects is to be flexible in your project management.
F. This resulted in a waste of time and resources which could have been better used elsewhere.
G. Many people have a habit of starting projects but not finishing them, which is a very bad practice.
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