職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題（通用10套）
在平平淡淡的日常中，我們經(jīng)常跟考試真題打交道，借助考試真題可以為主辦方提供考生某方面的知識或技能狀況的信息。你知道什么樣的考試真題才算得上好考試真題嗎？下面是小編整理的職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題，希望對大家有所幫助。
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 1
All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.(46) There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today. Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values; others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home. (47)
David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: (48) For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal (去除) equipment, Alaska, polar bears (北極熊), and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program. (49)
Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. (50) However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.
A Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.
B Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.
C Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.
D Children who are educated at home are known as "home-schoolers."
E In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.
F If the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news, it could be a perfect time to talk about how rain forests influence the climate, and how deserts are formed
答案：46. D47. A48. C49. F50. B
參考答案：C E B F D
答案解析：
1、正確答案為C。 文章第一段第一句的意思是，很多人認(rèn)為鯊魚是危險的，總是試圖傷害甚至威脅人類的性命。選項C的意思是：實(shí)際上，世界上400多種(鯊魚)中94%的鯊魚對人類是無害的。此旬的意思和第一句聯(lián)系起來語意通順，合乎邏輯，故選C。
2、正確答案為E。 And to make this。point clear,the museum has set up a special touching pool for children：為了清楚地說明這一點(diǎn)，博物館專門為孩子們搭建了一個可以進(jìn)行觸摸(鯊魚)的水池。第二段主要講鯊魚并不經(jīng)常攻擊人類，為了證明這一點(diǎn)，博物館……選項E放入空格處很連貫，與原文意思相符，故E為正確答案。
3、正確答案為B。 此段的第一句被刪除了，要求考生補(bǔ)全�？崭窈竺媾e例說明過去8 至15年內(nèi)鯊魚種群消亡了多少，選項B(A shocking 100million sharks are killed every year around the world by humans.) 顯然是本段的主題句，概括本段的意思，故B為正 確答案。
4、正確答案為F�？崭袂懊嬷v的是漁民們捕殺鯊魚的事情，選項F具體談到被捕殺的'鯊魚有多大，選項F與前面敘述的內(nèi)容形成一種邏輯上的連貫關(guān)系，故F為正確答案。
5、正確答案為D。文章最后一段談到現(xiàn)在的一些捕鯊方式快把鯊魚捕盡了，選項D的意 思是：這種情況令人擔(dān)憂，有些地區(qū)已經(jīng)采取措施來保護(hù)這些特殊的鯊魚(It is a worrying situation and some areas have put measures in place t0 protect these special fish.)，可見D是正確的。
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 2
General Elections in Britain are usually held only once every five years. Governments can seem to be remote from the people they represent. The process of protesting about government actions is very slow, even though everyone is permitted direct contact to their member of Parliament. (46)
Pressure groups will seek to influence those who have political power, such as members of Parliament. (47) If members of a pressure group feel that there is public support from outside their group for their demands, they will tell members of Parliament about this.
Pressure groups will thus seek to get support from the public. A powerful way of doing this is by making use of the mass media. (48) Meanwhile, the group will have to be sure of its facts, and fact-finding is thus an important part of its work. Up-to-date information can be made known to members of Parliament and to the general public.
Pressure groups will not only seek to make their causes known to government, but also try to inform and influence the public. (49)
Pressure groups may support political parties, but will lay stress only on some of their policies. For instance, the Monday Club will support the more right-wing policies of the Conservative Party.(50)
A A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of "Shelter", which fights for better housing for poor people
B They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands
C For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to f
D There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc
E Governments always stay close to the people.
F However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuous political power.
答案:
46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. F
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 3
Do you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain.
At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects._________ (46)
Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring.
Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素). _________(47)
By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year.
As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students brains. _________(48) This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive.
A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests._________ (49) However, some researchers still doubt the study. _________ (50)
A. Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters.
B. The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling.
C. The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters.
D. Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didnt show the same progress.
E. The pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.
F. They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.
試題答案及解析
46.C。文章的題目是：用較快的速度閱讀。第二段的第一個句子說的是：在美國五個小學(xué)生中至少有一個在學(xué)習(xí)閱讀方面有困難，雖然這些學(xué)生其他科目都不錯。這是一個總的說明，接著的句子應(yīng)該具體說明。C就是進(jìn)一步的說明：科學(xué)家說，這些孩子中的許多人的最大困難是如何使得讀音和字母對應(yīng)起來。
47.B。第四段的第一句話說的是：每天老師幫助他們弄懂字母是如何表達(dá)被稱做音素的語音單位的。但光弄懂是不夠的，還需要實(shí)踐。所以選B：學(xué)生還練習(xí)朗讀和拼寫。
48.E。第六段說的是：作為研究的'一部分，研究人員用一個特殊的機(jī)器拍攝學(xué)生大腦運(yùn)動的照片。B說的是：照片顯示左大腦后部的活動增加了。
49.D。倒數(shù)第二段的第一句講的是試驗組的情況。D講的是用傳統(tǒng)方法的情況，放在一起可以構(gòu)成對比，很連貫。
50.F。最后一段的第一句說的是：然而，有些研究人員仍然不太相信這一研究。從提供的選項中的第一個詞組可以看出，只有F是合適的，因為它的起始詞是They，指some researchers。
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 4
A price represents the value of a goods or service for both the seller and the buyer. Price planning is systematic decision making by an organization regarding all aspects of pricing.
The value of a goods or service can involve both tangible and intangible marketing factors. An example of a tangible marketing factor is the cost savings__1__. An example of an intangible marketing factor is a consumer‘s pride in the ownership of a Lamborghini rather than another brand of automobile. For an example to take place，both the buyer and seller must feel that the price of a goods or service provides an equitable value. To the buyer，the payment of a price reduces purchasing power __2__. To the seller，receipt of a price is a source of revenue and an important determinant of sales and profit levels.
Many words are substitutes for the term price： admission fee，membership fee，rate，tuition，service charge，donation，rent，salary，interest，retainer，and assessment. No matter what it is called，__3__：monetary and non-monetary charges，discounts，handling and shipping fees，credit charges and other forms of interest，and late-payment penalties.
A non-price exchange would be selling a new iron for 10 books of trading stamps or an airline offering tickets as payment for advertising space and time. Monetary and non-monetary exchange may be combined. This is common with automobiles，__4__. This combination allows a reduction in the monetary price.
From a broader perspective，price is the mechanism for allocating goods and services among potential purchasers and for ensuring competition among sellers in an open market economy. If there is an excess of demand over supply，prices are usually bid up by consumers. If there is an excess of supply over demand，__5__.
Exercise：
A a price contains all the terms of purchase
B obtained by the purchase of a new bottling machine by a soda manufacturer
C where the consumer gives the seller money plus a trade-in
D available for other items
E prices are usually reduced by sellers
F price means what one pays for what he wants
參考答案：BDACE
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 5
What is a Profit
Gross profit is the difference between what a business firm sells its product for and what it costs to produce that product. The merchant buys $200，000 worth of merchandise during the year and sells it for $270，000. His gross profit is $70，000. The percentage difference between his cost and the selling price is 35 percent， and he calls this markup.
Entrepreneurship is directly responsible for production. The business person （entrepreneur） takes a cue from consumers in deciding what they want - or， in the case of a new product， __1__.
Profit means different things to different people. According to some public opinion polls， many people are not sure what it is， but they are sure __2__. Workers may look at profit as an unfairly large payment to the entrepreneur that deprives them of a higher wage. The business person thinks of profit __3__. During negotiations before the settlement of the second baseball strike in August， 1985， the Players‘ Association claimed the owners had made profits of $91 million， an accounting firm said owner profits were $43 million， and the owners insisted they had lost $9 million. The truth was that all three were correct. The disparity in the figures was due to the fact that each group was defining profit differently. Let us now see if we can develop a more exact definition of what profit is.
Net profit is __4__——rent，wages，and interest-and setting aside money to allow for the loss due to depreciation （wearing out） of capital. Our merchant has to subtract from his gross profit his payments for rent （$6，000）， wages （$20，000）， interest on money borrowed （$1，000）， repairs and upkeep （$1，000）， taxes （$1，000）， electricity and other expenses $1，000. Expenses for operating the business come to $30，000. Gross profit is $70，000， and net profit is $40，000.
Economists have a narrower definition of what constitutes profit. They are concerned with payment for all the resources that have gone into production， __5__， like those listed above， or from inside the business.
Exercise：
A what profit really means
B it is too large and represents too much of the consumer‘s dollar
C whether they come from outside the business
D as the difference between total revenue and total cost
E what the business person has left after paying expenses
F what they might want
參考答案：DBECA
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 6
supermarket
supermarket is a type of retailing institution that has a moderately broad product assortment spanning groceries and some nonfood lines, that ordinarily emphasizes price in either an offensive or defensive way. as a method, supermarket retailing features several related product lines, a high degree of self-service, largely centralized checkout, and competitive prices. the supermarket approach to retailing is used to sell various kinds of merchandise, ____(1)____.
The term supermarket usually refers to an institution in the grocery retailing field. most supermarkets emphasize price. some use price offensively by featuring low prices in order to attract customers. other supermarkets use price more defensively by relying on leader pricing to avoid a price disadvantage. since supermarkets typically have very thin gross margins, they need high levels of inventory turnover to achieve satisfactory returns on invested capital.
Supermarkets originates in the early 1930s. they were established by independents ____(2)____. supermarkets were an immediate success, and the innovation was soon adopted by chain stores. in recent decades supermarkets have added various nonfood lines to provide customers with one-stop shopping convenience and to improve overall gross margins.
Today stores using the supermarket method of retailing are dominant in grocery retailing. however, different names are used to distinguish these institutions ____(3)____:
A superstore is a larger version of the supermarket. it offers more grocery and nonfood items ____(4)____. many supermarket chains are emphasizing superstores in their new construction.
Combination stores are usually even larger than superstore. they, too, offer more groceries and nonfoods than a supermarket but also most product lines found in a large drugstore. some combination stores are joint ventures between supermarkets and drug chains such as kroger and sav-on.
For many years the supermarket has been under attack from numerous competitors. for example, a grocery shopper can choose among not only many brands of supermarkets but also various types of institutions (warehouse stores, gourmet shops, meat and fish markets, and convenience stores). supermarkets have reacted to competitive pressures ____(5)____: some cut costs and stressed low prices by offering more private brands and generic products and few customer services. others expanded their store size and assortments by adding more nonfood lines (especially products found in drugstores), groceries attuned to a particular market area (foods that appeal to a specific ethnic group, for example), and various service departments (including video rentals, restaurants, delicatessens, financial institutions, and pharmacies).
a by size and assortment
b than a conventional supermarket does
c including building materials, office products, and, of course, groceries
d attracting more customers with their low prices
e primarily in either of two ways
f to compete with grocery chains
keys: CFABE
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 7
Teamwork in Tourism Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus, trade and travel associations, carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.
Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs. They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____(1)____. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures and advertising projects. They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____(2)____.
Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. In this way agents learn ____(3)____ and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel - planes; ships, trains, motorcoaches, car-rentals, and even car purchases.
Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, ____(4)____, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.
The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, ____(5)____. Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.
A including car-rental and sight-seeing services.
B so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.
C in preparing effective advertising campaigns
D as a result tourism is flouring in all countries
E hotels rely upon agencies
F to explain destinations
KEYS: CBFEA
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 8
Why Would They Falsely Confess?
Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most
people, it just doesnt seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what can happen in a police interrogation (審訊) room. Under the right conditions, peoples minds are susceptible(易受影響的) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grillings (盤問) is enormous. _________ (46) "The pressure is important to understand, because, otherwise, its impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didnt do. The answer is: to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess." Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didnt do._________ (47) The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.
Redlichs findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed._________(48) Of the 15-to- 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12-to 13-year-olds.
"Theres no question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, Professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results. _________(49) Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation--not hours of aggressive questioning--and still, most participants falsely confessed.
Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation. _________ (50)
A. In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems.
B. "In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision."
C. "Its a little like somebodys working on them with a dental (牙齒的) drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.
D. "But adults are highly vulnerable too."
E. How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didnt do?
F. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.
試題答案解析
46.C。這一段談的是pressure方面的事。請注意在這個空格后面是一段引言，但沒有原說話人的名字，這也給我們提示，在填入部分里應(yīng)該有原說話人的名字，這樣可以考慮的有B、C、F三個選項。從內(nèi)容上進(jìn)一步考慮，應(yīng)選C。
47.A。這里填入的'部分是對Redlich所做試驗的描述，下文又講到計算機(jī)，所以不難確定選A。
48.F。這一段講的是Redlich試驗的結(jié)果，一開始就講了她的finding，填入的部分里有also這個詞，正好接上。而后面的一句話則用更具體的數(shù)據(jù)來支持她的結(jié)論：越年輕，越可能做假供。
49.D。Saul Kassin同意Redlich的結(jié)果，她認(rèn)為年輕人風(fēng)險大(more at risk)，但同時她又認(rèn)為成年人也十分脆弱(vulnerable)。
50.B。由于在審訊過程中受到壓力，許多人認(rèn)為做假供是一種擺脫厄境的方法，因而也是一種合理的決定
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 9
Mobile Phones
Mobile phones should carry a label if they proved1 to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be built until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit are scientifically evaluated, he said. “Nobody’s going to drop dead overnight2 but we should be asking for more scientific information,” Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. 1
A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill-effets on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3.3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day3. 2
As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Austrnlia, many in high density residential areas5. 3 The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.
Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children. 4 He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.
5 According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to set up a wide-ranging inquiry into possible health effects.
詞匯: mobile /5mEubail/ adj.移動的 circulate /5sE:kjuleit/ v.流傳 electromagnetic /IlektrEJ5mA^nItIk/ adj.電磁的 density /5densiti/ n.密度 transmitter tower發(fā)射塔 disregard /7disri5^B:d/ v.不顧 shield /Fi:ld/ n.隔離屏 accelerate /Ak5selEreit/ v.加速，加快注釋：
1. 動詞 prove用的是過去式形式 proved，這是虛擬語氣表示假設(shè)的用法。
2. Nobody’s going to drop dead overnight …“沒有人會在一個晚上倒地死去……” overnight是副詞，意為“一夜間;一下子;整夜”。如： This stadium was not built overnight.這個體育場不是一下子建起來的。 On his way to Europe, John stayed with his parents in Chicago overnight.在去歐洲的途中，約翰在芝加哥他父母那兒呆了一個晚上。
3.介詞 by表示“以……(速的度增加)”。
4.介詞 by表示“到……前”。如： By Thursday morning you should complete writing the experiment report. 到周四上午你應(yīng)該寫完實(shí)驗報告。 5. many in high density residential areas 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。注意它省略了 being，即 many (being) in high density
residential areas。此外， many指的是 many transmitter towers。
6. at a rate more than three times that of adults可以理解為 at a rate (that is) more than three times that of adults.意為“以比成人多兩倍的比率……”短語中的 that指代 rate。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法是：“數(shù)字 +times+名詞/that”。如： His salary is three times that of mine. 他的薪水比我多兩倍。 The sales volume of refrigerators in 2000 was twice that in 1999. 2000年冰箱的銷量比 1999年多一倍。練習(xí)：
A He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults6. B By the year 20004 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones: nearly one for every two people. C “If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said. D Then who finances the research? E For example, Telstra, Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community. F The conclusion is that mobile phones brings more harm than benefit.
答案與題解：
1. C “空 1”應(yīng)該填入與 low-level radiation有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，例如： low-level radiation究竟有害還是無害。所以， C是合適的選項。此外，直接引語也佐證了選擇的合理性。
2. B“空 2”前面一句介紹了澳大利亞擁有手機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀。選項 B的內(nèi)容是對到 2000年之前手機(jī)發(fā)展前景的預(yù)測，內(nèi)容連貫，是正確答案。
3. E 這一段的第一句說的是，許多微波發(fā)射搭建在人口稠密的居民區(qū)。選項 E的內(nèi)容涉及微波發(fā)射塔的.地點(diǎn)選擇只考慮到地理位置，而不顧及社區(qū)的安全。選項 E擴(kuò)展了第一句表達(dá)的信息。此外選項 E 中出現(xiàn) tower這個詞，與第一句的 tower相呼應(yīng)，也佐證了選擇的合理性。
4. A “空 4”前面一句說的是 Robert Bell建議政府應(yīng)該禁止在兒童比例高的地區(qū)(如學(xué)校操場、兒童醫(yī)療中心、居住小區(qū)等 )的 500米半徑的范圍內(nèi)建造發(fā)射塔。選項 A說明為什么要這樣做的原因，因而是答案。
5. D “空 5”后面一句說的是 major telephone companies出錢資助研究項目的問題，提示了 D是正確答案
職稱英語綜合A補(bǔ)全短文歷年真題 10
Einstein Named "Person of the Century"
Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel (解決) the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday.
A man whose very name is synonymous ( 同義的 ) with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific though that set the stage for the age of technology. "The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological—technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science," wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einsteins significance. _________ (46)
Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon (象征) for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.
"What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying (象征，體現(xiàn)) the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom,"said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.
Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879_________ (47) He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams , In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. _________ (48) Everything else- mass,weight, space, even time itself--is a variable (變量). And he offered the world his now-famous equation (方程式): energy equals mass times the speed of light squared--E=mc2.
_________(49) "There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality " Einsteins famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. _________(50) Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.
A. "Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics,"Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Times choices.
B. How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general publics view about Albert Einstein
C. "Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Elnstel .
D. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" that secretly developed the first atomic weapon
E. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become——
F. In his "Special Theory of Relativity," Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.
答案解析
46.C。本文主要講愛因斯坦為20世紀(jì)人類科學(xué)做出的重大貢獻(xiàn)。本段是理論物理學(xué)家史蒂芬霍金在《時代》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇評價愛因斯坦所做貢獻(xiàn)的文章中的幾句話。
他說世界在過去的100年發(fā)生的變化比以往任何一個世紀(jì)都大得多，其原因不在于政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)，而在于技術(shù)——由于基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的進(jìn)步而直接造就的新技術(shù)。兩句話并未提及愛因斯坦，因此此處選C最合適：“顯然，沒有一位科學(xué)家能比愛因斯坦更好地代表這些科學(xué)進(jìn)步�！眛hose在此發(fā)揮了銜接作用。
47.E。本段簡要介紹了愛因斯坦的早年生平。E說：“愛因斯坦在小時候并未顯示日后會成為大科學(xué)家的任何天賦。”后一句話實(shí)際上是對E的詳細(xì)解釋。
48.F。本段主要介紹愛因斯坦提出的相對論。第一句話告訴我們l905年的時候愛因斯坦發(fā)表了人類歷史上最具奇巧想象力的.理論。第三、四句話是具體解釋相對論，F(xiàn)說：“在‘特殊相對論’中，愛因斯坦描述了宇宙中為什么唯一恒定的是光速�！庇纱丝磥鞦放在此處最合適，其中constant和variable意思相反，構(gòu)成詞匯銜接。
49.A。本段是伊薩克森在《時代》雜志上的一篇文章中對相對論的深遠(yuǎn)意義所做的評述。他說：“相對論間接地為道德、藝術(shù)和政治領(lǐng)域中新相對主義的出現(xiàn)鋪平了道路�！焙笠痪涫菍Υ说倪M(jìn)一步解釋。
50.D。本段主要講愛因斯坦與原子能和原子武器發(fā)展的關(guān)系。前一句告訴我們愛因斯坦于1939年在給羅斯�？偨y(tǒng)的一封信中敦促美國搶在納粹德國之前研制原子彈，并簽了名。D說：“羅斯福對這項建議十分關(guān)注，遂制定了秘密制造第一顆原子彈的‘曼哈頓計劃’�！焙笠痪湔f愛因斯坦未參與這項計劃，其中the project指的就是the Manhattan Project。
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