職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試A類(lèi)真題與答案
考生如果想要把職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)A類(lèi)考試考好，那就要了解一些關(guān)于A類(lèi)考試的歷年真題了。下文是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)A類(lèi)考試的真題與參考答案相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助!
全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)A類(lèi)考試的真題帶答案：完形填空
完形填空(第51——65題，每題1分，共l5分)
下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Stage Fright
Fallow as you come onstage. That's an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir F6rltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovictf tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic Mr. Feltsman said, " All my fright was - ( 51 ). I already fell what else could happen?"
Today, music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes that _ (52) with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to _ (53) stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky
limbs, racing heart, blank mind.
Teachers and psychologists offer wide-range advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out, _ (54) metal discipline, such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don't _ (55) that you're jittery, they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.
Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some ( 56 ) for the moments before performance, "Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile, she says. "And not one of these 'please don't kill me' smiles. Then( 57) three friendly faces in the audience, people would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them." She doesn't want performers to think of the audience (58)a judge Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She what their students are able to achieve. at the _ (59) of stage fright, tells other teachers to demand only When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became he principal cellist of the Cleverland and he suffered extreme stage fright. "There were times when I got so Orchestra, (60) I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic.came to a _ ( 61 ) where I thought 'If I have to go through this to play music, I think I'm going to look for another job. Recovery, he said, involved developing humility-recognizing that not a disaster.( 62 ) his talent, he was fallible, and that an imperfect concert was
It is not only young artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz's nerves were famous. The great tenor Franco Corelli is another example. "They had to push him on stage," Soprano Renata Scotto recalled ( 63 ) , success can make things worse. "In the beginning of your career, when you're scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don't have any( 64) ," Soprano June Anderson said. " There's you're known, people are coming to see you, and they have a lot to lose. "(65) to lose. Later on, when certain expectations. You have Anderson added, "I never stop being nervous until I've sung
51 A gone B saved C assessed D observed
52 A work B deal C enroll D communicate
53 A explain B understand C fight D analyze
54 A to B of C at D for
55 A tell B deny C confirm D argue
56 A reasons B supports C strategies D demands
57 A watch B draw C recognize D choose
58 A as B like C by D on
59 A time B rate C root D beginning
60 A decisive B excited C grateful D nervous
61 A room B moment C corner D point
62 A whenever B whatever C wherever D however
63 A Actually B Correspondingly C Certainly D Similarly
64 A sensations B appreciations C expectation D contributions
65 A much B less C some D more
參考答案：ABCAB CDACD DBACB
全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)A類(lèi)考試的真題帶答案：詞匯選項(xiàng)
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1 個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫(huà)有底橫線(xiàn)，請(qǐng)為每處畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分確定1 個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1. Although Peter is only 25 years old, he earns a large income.
A. respectful B. respectable C. respective D. respected
2.China has m a d e remarkable achievements in its reform and opening-up program.
A. improvements B. entertainments C. accomplishments D. appointments
3. 1 caught sight of her in the crowd.
A. saw B. glanced C. stared D. skimmed
4. Edwards admitted to being a spy for the K G B in 1980s.
A. recognized B. proved C. confessed D. testified
5. D o you fancy going to the public house?
A. toilet B. theatre C. department store D. pub
6. She was dressed in a plain brown blouse.
A. c o m m o n B. simple C. dull D. pretty
7. The White House, situated in Washington D.C., is well-known as the official home of the president of the US.
A. located B. placed C. built D. stablished
8. T o m searched his pockets looking for the keys.
A. went on B. was after C. went through D. cleared up
9. Heavy pressure at work m a y account for his strange behavior.
A. calculate B. tell C. suggest D. explain
10. All the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory
A. functions B. faults C. motions D. parts
11. It was difficult to set a date which was convenient for everyone.
A. decide B. arrange C. provide D. choose
12. The People’s Republic of China was established in 1949.
A. founded B. started C. improved D. built
13. 1 have heard this tune before, but I d o n ’t k n o w the words to the song.
A. theme B. rhyme C. melody D. lyric
14. M a n y scientists have been probing psychological problems.
A. solving B. exploring C. settling D. handling
15. Knowing that I had been out of work now, they were unwilling to lend m e money.
A. unhappy B. ready C. prepared D. reluctant
參考答案：
1 . B 此 處 的 larg e 和 respectable意 思 相 同 “ 相當(dāng)大的、可觀的” ;respectful：敬 意的、尊 重 的;respective： 各自的、分別的; respected :受尊敬的。
2. C achievement 和 accomplishment 都 表 示 “ 成就 、完 成 ” ;im provem ent:改 進(jìn) 、 改 善 ;entertainment： 娛樂(lè)、 消遣; appointment:任命、職位、 約會(huì)。
3. A catch sight o f 和 see 都 表 示 “看見(jiàn)” ;glance： 看一下、一瞥;stare : 凝視 、盯著看;skim : 瀏覽 (以了解中心意思)。
4. C admit和 confess同義：承認(rèn)、 坦白;recognize:認(rèn)出、 認(rèn)可;prove : 證明、證實(shí);testify: 作證 、 證明。
5. D toilet： 衛(wèi)生間、 洗手間; thea ter : 戲院; department store: 百貨公司; pub 是public house 的口語(yǔ)說(shuō)法， 指供應(yīng)酒水和食物的地方，即 “酒吧”。
6 . B 此句的plain 和 simple都 表 示 “樸素的、 簡(jiǎn)單的” ; common： 普通的、常見(jiàn)的;dull:(顏色)灰暗的、不鮮明的; pretty : 迷人的、可愛(ài)的。
7. A situate和 locate 同義：位于 、在;placed : 放置、安置;build : 修建、建造;estab lish :建立、成立。
8. C 此 句的search : 搜 尋 ，和 go through ( 仔細(xì)檢查)意思相同;goon : 繼續(xù); beaf ter : 尋找;clear up ： 整理、收拾。
9. D account for 和 explain 都 表 示 “解釋、 說(shuō)明， calculate： 計(jì)算、推算; tell： 告訴; suggest：建議 、 暗示。
10. B defect 和 fault 同義： 缺陷; fiinction :功能; motion :意向、 示意; p a r t: 部分。
11. B 此 句中的s e t 和 arrange同義：安 排 、商 定;d e c id e : 決 定;p rov ide : 供應(yīng)、供給;choose:選擇。
12. A establish和 found 都 表 示 “ 建立、成立” ;start：開(kāi)始、發(fā)動(dòng);im prove: 提高、改進(jìn); build:建造、 修建。
13. C tu n e 和 melody都 表 示 “旋律” ;theme：主題、 ( 音)主旋律;rhyme : 韻腳、韻律;lyric:歌詞。
14. B probe 和 explore同義： 探索。solve : 解決、解答; settle : 安頓、解決; handle :處理。
15. D unwilling和 reluctant都 表 示 “勉強(qiáng)的、不愿意的” ; unhappy：不快樂(lè)的; ready : 準(zhǔn)備完畢的、心甘情愿的; prepared :準(zhǔn)備好的、 愿意的。
全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)A類(lèi)考試的真題：真題概括大意
下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23——26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2——5 段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第27——30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
SleepWell to Be Well
1 Doyou often feel tired in the morning even though you’ve been in bed for seven oreight hours the night before? Like many people, you are not sleeping as much asyou think you are. In other words, your sleep efficiency is not that good.
2 Sleepexperts define “sleep efficiency” as the percentage of time lying down that youare actually sleeping. According to explanatory journalism website vox.com, thescience of sleep efficiency is still young. There is no specific number forefficiency that’s been proven as linked to poor health. However, according to aNew York Times report about sleep quality, some experts estimate a roughballpark (范圍) of 85 percent or above as a decent place to be.
3 Shortwavelength blue light, emitted (放出) by the sun and by the screens of computers, iPads and smartphones,stops production of the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin (褪黑素) andmakes you feel more alert. Blue light tells your brain it’s daytime. Expertssuggest turning off your computers and smartphones one hour or at least 30minutes before bed.
4 Goto bed and wake up at the same time, or relatively the same time, every day.Avoid binge sleeping (狂睡) on the weekend. Consistency is key to a good night’s sleep,especially when it comes to waking up. When you have a consistent wake-up time,your brain acclimates to this and moves through the sleep cycle in preparationfor you to feel rested and alert at your wake-up time.
5 Oneof the biggest peaks in melatonin production happens during the 1 to 3 pm timeframe, which explains why most people feel sleepy in the afternoon. If youaren’t getting enough sleep at night, you’re likely going to feel anoverwhelming desire to sleep in the afternoon. When this happens, you’re betteroff taking a short nap (less than 30 minutes) than resorting to caffeine orstrong tea to keep you awake. A short nap will give you the rest you need toget through the rest of the afternoon, and you’ll sleep much better in theevening than if you drink caffeine or take a long afternoon nap.
23. Paragraph 2 A
24. Paragraph 3 F
25. Paragraph 4 D
26. Paragraph 5 B
A. Definethe sleep related terms
B. Takenaps
C. Turnoff the devices emitting blue light
D. Keepa consistent sleep schedule
E. Improvesleep quality
F. Avoidblue light at night
27. The tiredness in the morning even aftermany hours in bed is due to D
28. Sleeping less than 85% of the timespent lying in bed might cause C
29. A lower production of the hormone melatoninis due to F
30. A strong desire to sleep in theafternoon is the result of B
A. along afternoon nap
B. thepeak production of melatonin
C. poorhealth
D. lowsleep efficiency
E. goodsleep efficiency
F. exposureto blue light
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全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)A類(lèi)考試的真題帶答案：閱讀理解
Forecasting Methods
There are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.
The first of these methods is the persistence method;the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.
The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, suing the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. if they slow down, speed up, change intensity, or change direction, the trends forecast will probably not work as well.
The climatology method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method involves averaging weather statistics accumulated over man years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for new York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. if the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail.
The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves examining today's forecast scenario and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results.
31 What factor is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method? __________
A Imagination of the forecaster.
B Necessary amount of information.
C Practical knowledge of the forecaster.
D Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting.
32 Persistence method will work well __________.
A if weather conditions change greatly from day to day
B if weather conditions do not change much
C on sunny days
D on rainy days
33 The limitation of the trends method is the same as the persistence method in that __________.
A it makes predications about weather
B it makes predications about precipitation
C the weather features need to be well defined
D the weather features need to be constant for a long period of time
34 Which method may involve historical weather data? __________
A The trends method.
B The analog method.
C Both climatology method and analog method.
D The trends method and the persistence method.
35 It will be impossible to make weather forecast using the analog method __________.
A when the current weather scenario differs from the analog
B when the current weather scenario is the same as the analog
C when the analog is over ten years old
D when the analog is a simple repetition of the current weather scenario
答案與題解 :
1. A第一段第二句說(shuō)明了選擇預(yù)報(bào)方法應(yīng)考慮的一些因素，其中包括 B、C和 D中提到的所能獲得的信息、預(yù)報(bào)者的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)和特定天氣狀況給預(yù)報(bào)造成的困難程度。 A是正確的選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)槲闹形刺岬教鞖忸A(yù)報(bào)員的想象力。
2. B 答案可在第二段第二句中直接找到，其后是具體例子，用于說(shuō)明 persistence method只有在天氣狀況基本不變的情況下才能有效使用。
3. D 第三段昀后兩句提供了答案。另外，該題的理解還須結(jié)合對(duì)第二段的理解。
4. C 第四段的第二句告訴我們， the climatology method需要取多年積累起來(lái)的氣象數(shù)據(jù)的.平均值。第三句提供了具體例子。第五段的第二句和第三句說(shuō)明， analog method也需要比較和對(duì)比歷史上某一天的氣象狀況。
5. A昀后一段的第五句和第六句提供了答案。
譯文：
天氣預(yù)報(bào)的方法
天氣預(yù)報(bào)可用幾種不同的方式來(lái)制作。一個(gè)天氣預(yù)報(bào)員采用什么方法來(lái)制作天氣預(yù)報(bào)是由其經(jīng)驗(yàn)決定的，預(yù)報(bào)員可利用的信息的數(shù)量，預(yù)報(bào)情況的困難程度，預(yù)報(bào)中需要的準(zhǔn)確度和置信度。
每一種方法是持續(xù)性的方法。這是制作天氣預(yù)報(bào)最簡(jiǎn)單的方法。持續(xù)性方法假設(shè)在天氣預(yù)報(bào)時(shí)，條件是不會(huì)發(fā)生變化的。例如，如果今天是晴，87度，持續(xù)性方法會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)明天也會(huì)是晴，87度。如果今天的降雨量是2英寸，持續(xù)性方法會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)明天也會(huì)是2英寸。然而，如果天氣狀況一天天地顯著變化，持續(xù)性方法常會(huì)出錯(cuò)，所以這不是制作天氣預(yù)報(bào)的最佳方法。
趨勢(shì)性方法包括測(cè)定鋒運(yùn)動(dòng)的速度和方向，高、低壓的中心和多云、降水地區(qū)。利用這些信息，預(yù)報(bào)員能預(yù)測(cè)將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間什么地區(qū)會(huì)出現(xiàn)同樣特征的天氣狀況。例如，如果一個(gè)風(fēng)暴在你居住地以西100英里且以每天250英里的速度向東移近。運(yùn)用趨勢(shì)性方法，你能預(yù)測(cè)這個(gè)風(fēng)暴在4天以后將到達(dá)你所在的地區(qū)。當(dāng)某一大氣現(xiàn)象長(zhǎng)時(shí)期以同一速度向同一方向運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，趨勢(shì)性方法很有效。如果它們減速、加速變化或方向轉(zhuǎn)變，這種制作天氣預(yù)報(bào)的方法可能會(huì)不準(zhǔn)確。
氣候?qū)W方法是另一種制作天氣預(yù)報(bào)的簡(jiǎn)單方法。這種方法通過(guò)計(jì)算多年來(lái)積累的天氣狀況值的平均數(shù)來(lái)制作天氣預(yù)報(bào)。例如，如果你用氣候?qū)W方法來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)7月4日紐約的天氣狀況，你會(huì)瀏覽每年7月4日紐約的天氣數(shù)據(jù)記錄，然后計(jì)算其平均值。氣候?qū)W方法只有當(dāng)天氣狀況與所選時(shí)間的預(yù)期天氣狀況相似時(shí)才有效，若天氣狀況和所取時(shí)間的天氣狀況非常不同，運(yùn)用氣候?qū)W方法常會(huì)失敗。
相似物方法是有點(diǎn)兒復(fù)雜的制作天氣預(yù)報(bào)的方法。它包括測(cè)量今天的天氣狀況和回想過(guò)去和今天天氣狀況相似的一天，預(yù)報(bào)員會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)現(xiàn)在的天氣將發(fā)生和過(guò)去那天同樣的變化。相似物方法很難被應(yīng)用，因?yàn)槭聦?shí)上不可能找到所期望的同樣的天氣狀況。各種不同的天氣特征極少同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在與前次出現(xiàn)時(shí)一樣的地點(diǎn)。即使現(xiàn)在的天氣狀況與其過(guò)去的相似物有一點(diǎn)小差別都能造成不同的結(jié)果。
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