when/where/why引導的定語從句的用法
在日常過程學習中,看到知識點,都是先收藏再說吧!知識點就是一些?嫉膬(nèi)容,或者考試經(jīng)常出題的地方。哪些才是我們真正需要的知識點呢?下面是小編幫大家整理的when/where/why引導的定語從句的用法知識點,希望能夠幫助到大家。
when/where/why引導的定語從句的用法
when/where/why引導的定語從句
when, where, why屬于關(guān)系副詞, 都在其引導的定語從句中充當狀語, 其具體用法如下:
1.關(guān)系副詞 when引導定語從句(包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句)修飾表示時間的先行詞, 在定語從句中充當時間狀語。
例如:
I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.我仍然記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。
Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. 下個月即將來臨, 屆時你們將在家鄉(xiāng)度暑假。
2. 關(guān)系副詞where引導定語從句(包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句)修飾表示地點的先行詞, 在定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語。
例如:
This is the office where he worked. 這就是他工作過的辦公室。
She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends. 她要到澳門去定居, 在那里她有幾個密友。
3. 關(guān)系副詞why引導限定性定語從句修飾先行詞reason, 在定語從句中充當原因狀語。
例如: I don’t know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他來得那么晚的原因。
That is the reason why I don’t want to go. 那就是我不想去的理由。
He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.他沒有告訴我他為什么那樣心煩意亂。
注意:
關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞之間并非毫無關(guān)聯(lián), 兩者之間存在密切的聯(lián)系。在備考中尤其要注意以下幾點:
很多情況下關(guān)系副詞用“介詞+which/whom”來代替, 其中的介詞由先行詞或定語從句中謂語動詞的形式來決定,
例如:
The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.
The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.
見到這位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。
I shall never forget those years when I lived with her.
I shall never forget those years during which I lived with her.
我將永遠不會忘記我跟她生活的那些歲月。
This is a hall where the medical conference will be held.
This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held.
這是禮堂, 醫(yī)學會議將在此召開。
2. 并非先行詞表示時間或地點時都分別用when或where來引導相應(yīng)的定語從句, 若關(guān)系詞在修飾表示時間或地點的先行詞的定語從句中充當主語、 賓語等而不是狀語時, 需用which或that引導相應(yīng)的定語從句。
例如:
Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school? 你還記得我們一起在學校度過的那些日子嗎?
先行詞the days表時間, 但是其定語從句的引導詞在定語從句中作賓語而不是狀語, 因此不能用when而應(yīng)該用which或that。
3. that有時可以代替定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, 且that常可以省略, 例如: This is the time (when/that) he arrived. 這是他到達的時間。
考題
。劭碱}1] We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer.
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
。鄞鸢福 D
[解析] 本題中下劃線處所引導的限定性定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞age, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當時間狀語, 因此只能填入關(guān)系副詞when。
。劭碱}2] The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far away village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
。鄞鸢福 C
。劢馕觯 本題中下劃線處所引導的限定性定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞hours, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當時間狀語, 因此只能填入關(guān)系副詞when。
。劭碱}3] It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
。鄞鸢福 D
。劢馕觯 本題中下劃線處所引導的非限定性定語從句修飾表示時間的先行詞moment, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當時間狀語, 因此只能填入關(guān)系副詞when。
。劭碱}4] After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
。鄞鸢福 B
。劢馕觯 本題中下劃線處所引導的限定性定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞town, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語, 因此只能填入關(guān)系副詞where。
。劭碱}5] We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ____ other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
。鄞鸢福 C
。劢馕觯 本題中下劃線處所引導的非限定性定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞some other places, 其引導詞在該定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語, 因此只能填入關(guān)系副詞where。
[考題6] I walked in our garden, ____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
。鄞鸢福 C
。劢馕觯 本題中下劃線處所引導的定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞garden并在該定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語, 因此只能填入關(guān)系副詞where。
。劭碱}7] We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
。鄞鸢福 A
。劢馕觯 point可以理解成地點、 位置, 其后面的定語從句中缺少地點狀語, 因此下劃線處只能填入引導詞where
拓展閱讀
定語從句as的用法
一、用作連詞的as
1. 引導時間狀語從句,表示“當……的時候”,其用法與when和while類似。例如:As a child (When he was a child), she was sent to six different schools.此用法中as多表示從句與主句動作同時進行,意為“一邊……一邊……”,一般不與狀態(tài)動詞連用。例如:She sang songs as she did her homework.
as 還可以表示一動作緊接著另一動作發(fā)生,說明另一動作的結(jié)果,有“隨著……”的含義。例如:As time went by, we found he was an honest man./As he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.
例1 It wasn’t until nearly a month later________ I received the manager’s reply.
A. since B. when C. as D. that
解析:本題的as中與when一起作為干擾項,容易使考生往時間狀語從句上思考,事實上本題是強調(diào)句,正確選項是D。
2. 引導原因狀語從句,表示“由于,因為”,相當于because, 但通常置于句首。例如: As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical matters.
例2 _____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.
A. While B. Since C. As D. If
解析:本題中as干擾性很強,很多考生誤以為是原因狀語從句,但仔細分析不難發(fā)現(xiàn)正確答案應(yīng)是A(while表示“只要”)。
3. 引導讓步狀語從句,通?膳calthough或though通用,但語序不同,although或though用于句首,as用于倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow. /Although(或Though)I am young, I already know what career I want to follow. as 表示讓步用于倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),通常將從句的表語、狀語或動詞前置。如果表語有冠詞a/an, 需去掉。例如:Great scholar as he is, he is lacking in common sense./Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. 例3 _____ he has limited technical knowledge, the older worker has a lot of experience.
A. SinceB. Unless C. As D. Although
解析:as 雖然有引導讓步狀語從句用法,但本題不是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),故正確答案應(yīng)是D。
4. 引導方式狀語從句,表示“如,像”。例如:When in Rome, do as Romans do./Do to others as you would have others do to you.
例4 We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ________ as planned.
A. make outB. turn out C. go onD. come up
解析:本題考查動詞詞組辨析,題干中的“as planned”給同學們提供了重要信息,答案選B。
5. 固定句型:“主句,as +be/do+主語”表示“也一樣”。例如:She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents./He’s a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.
二、用作介詞的`as
1.表示“如,像”。例如:They got united as one man./She spoke of me as her dearest friend.
2.表示“作為、當作”。例如:As a League member, you should think more of others.
3.與某些動詞搭配,表示“把……當作……”,如:look on…as…, regard…as…, treat…as…, consider…as…, think of…as…, see…as…等。其中consider…as…中的as可以省略。as與famous或known搭配,表示“作為……而出名”。
例5 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ________ as 3M.
A. knowingB. known C. being knownD. to be known
解析:如果熟悉be known as這一短語,運用有關(guān)非謂語動詞的常識,可選出正確答案B。
三、用作關(guān)系代詞的as
1. 引導限制性定語從句,先行詞前通常有as, so, such, same等修飾語。例如:He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find./My hometown is no longer the same as it used to be./As many people as are present will be given a present.在此種用法中,同學們要注意與結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別。比如:A: The teacher asked us such a difficult question that none of us could answer it. B: The teacher asked us such a difficult question as none of us could answer.A句為結(jié)果狀語從句,而B句則是定語從句。
2. 引導非限制性定語從句,用來指代整個主句(即先行句),表示“這一事實,那一情況”。從句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如:We stand when the national anthem is played, as is the custom.
例6 ______ I explained on the telephone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A. When B. After C. As D. Since
解析:根據(jù)句意,選項C是正確答案。as表現(xiàn)的正是本點所講用法。
四、用作副詞的as
修飾形容詞或副詞,表示程度,意為“同樣地”。例如:He swims fast, but I swim just as fast. 但它通常構(gòu)成表示比較的結(jié)構(gòu)“asas”,“not asas”。此結(jié)構(gòu)中第一個as是副詞,第二個as是連詞。否定結(jié)構(gòu)中的副詞as可以由so代替。asas possible /one can也屬于此用法。例如:It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
五、用在習語中的as
由as構(gòu)成的習語很多,常見的有:as soon as “一就”,引導時間狀語從句;as/so long as “只要”引導條件狀語從句;as if/though “好像,仿佛”,引導方式狀語從句或表語從句;as to/ as for “至于,就而言”;as much/many as“多達”;as/so far as “就的限度”;as a result,as a result of “(由于的)結(jié)果”;as a matter of fact“事實上”;as well “也、還”;A as well as B“不但A而且B”;as it is“照現(xiàn)狀看,看樣子”,等等。這些習語在高考中可能經(jīng)常遇到,在高考題中有的作為正確選項,有的作為干擾項,有的出現(xiàn)在題干,值得同學們認真掌握。例如:
例9 I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A. in other wordsB. on the other hand C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact 解析:選項D極具干擾意義,但進一步研讀會發(fā)現(xiàn)本題中的兩個分句表達了一件事的兩個對立面,故選B。
例10 ——People should stop using their cars and start using public transport. ——______. The roads are too crowded as it is.
A. All right B. Exactly C. Go aheadD. Fine
解析:本題選項中雖沒有as內(nèi)容,但題干中的as it is卻是解題的關(guān)鍵信息,正確選項為B。
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