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中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題復(fù)習(xí)材料

時(shí)間:2021-11-30 13:25:22 中考備考 我要投稿

中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題復(fù)習(xí)材料

  要能達(dá)到用英語(yǔ)講、用英語(yǔ)交流的目的,我們就必須先學(xué)會(huì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的用法。以下是小編給你推薦的中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)材料,希望對(duì)你有幫助!

中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題復(fù)習(xí)材料

  中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題復(fù)習(xí)材料一

  助動(dòng)詞

  助動(dòng)詞沒有任何含義,不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ),只能和行為動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ),幫助行為動(dòng)詞組成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣以及疑問或否定形式。常見的助動(dòng)詞有be, do, does, did, have, will, shall等。具體用法如下:

  1、助動(dòng)詞be的用法如下:

  1)構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如:It was raining all day yesterday.昨天整天下雨。

  2)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:

  The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.會(huì)議是昨天下午舉行的。

  3)與不定式連用表示按照計(jì)劃、預(yù)先安排或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:

  They are to see an English film this evening.他們今天晚上看英語(yǔ)電影。

  2、助動(dòng)詞do的用法如下:

  1)構(gòu)成疑問式或否定式。如:

  Does he think so? I didn’t say anything about the result.

  2)在動(dòng)詞前加上do, does, did表示強(qiáng)調(diào),意為“的確,確實(shí)”。如:

  They do study hard. She does love him. He did want to help the old man.

  3)可以用作代動(dòng)詞,代替句子中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,以避免重復(fù)。如:

  — Who jumps highest in your class?— Jim does. ( 不說Jim jumps)

  3、have: 助動(dòng)詞have 的過去式是had。have和had均可與動(dòng)詞過去分詞一起構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如:

  He has lived here for three years.

  As soon as the sun had set they returned.

  4、shall, should: 助動(dòng)詞shall只用于第一人稱的將來時(shí)態(tài);助動(dòng)詞should 是shall的過去式,構(gòu)成過去將來時(shí)。如:I shall send ten letters to my good friend.

  She wanted to know if I should go to the palace.

  中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題復(fù)習(xí)材料二

  情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

  情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定含義,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),要和行為動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。它們也能表明句子的否定、疑問或時(shí)態(tài)上的區(qū)別。常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有:can, may, must, need, should等。

  一.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法

  1. can 用法

  1)表示能力,與be able to同義,但can只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí),be able to可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。

  Two eyes can see more than one.

  注:Can you … ? Yes, I can / No,I can’t.

  2).表示允許、請(qǐng)求

  用could比can 語(yǔ)氣更加委婉客氣,常用于could I /you …..?句型中,若表示同意時(shí),用can回答而不用could .

  Could I borrow the book ? No, you can’t .

  3)。表示推測(cè) “可能”常用于否定句或疑問句中。(can’t表示一定不是)

  It can’t be true .

  Can it be true ?

  2. may 用法

  1)表允許,請(qǐng)求= can

  表示許可或征求對(duì)方的許可,常于第一人稱連用。

  注:May I ….? Yes ,you may No, you can’t / mustn’t .

  在回答以may引起的問句時(shí),多避免用這個(gè)詞,而用其它方式,如Yes, please. / Certainly.

  2)表推測(cè),可能、也許。常用于肯定句中。

  Maybe he knows the news .=He _____ _____ the news.

  3. must

  1)表示義務(wù)。意為“必須”(主觀意志)。

  We must do everything step by step.

  注:Must I ….? Yes, you must / No,you needn’t(don’t have to ).

  --Must we hand in our exercise—books now?

  --No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.

  2)mustn’t 表禁止、不允許。

  You mustn’t talk to her like that.

  3)表示揣測(cè)。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。否定、疑問句中must改為can .

  He must be ill. He looks so pale.

  She’s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.

  注:must表推測(cè)時(shí),其反義疑問句與must后面的動(dòng)詞一致。

  There must be something wrong ,____ ____?

  4.need的用法

  need既可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),主要否定句或疑問句中。用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),可用于各種句式。

  1).用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,用于否定句和疑問句中。

  a).Need I ….? Yes , you must / No, you needn’t .

  Need we finish the work today ?Yes you __? A.need B.can C. may D.must

  b).need + do sth . 變否定句:needn’t do sth

  變疑問句:Need sb do sth ?

  2).用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞

  a).need + to do sth . We need _______(buy) some school things .

  變否定句:don’t /doesn’t /didn’t +need to do sth .

  變疑問句:Do / Does /Did sb + need to sth ?

  Yes , … do/ does / did No, sb don’t / doesn’t /didn’t .

  You don’t need to do it yourself.

  b).當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)。Sth + need + doing sth = Sth +need to be done .

  The table needs painting . =The table needs _____ _____ _____ .

  5.had better 的用法

  1). had better + 動(dòng)詞原形 = It’s best to do sth .

  You had better ______ (stay )at home . = _____ ______ ______ stay at home .

  2). Had better not +動(dòng)詞原形

  We had better ________(not play ) the computer games .

  6.must 與have to

  1).一般情況下,兩者可互換。 must = have to

  2).must “必須,應(yīng)該”表示說話人的主觀看法,即說話人認(rèn)為必須干某事。(內(nèi)在原因)

  have to “必須,不得不”強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要,即外界因素迫使某人不得不干某事。(外界原因)

  I can’t stop playing the computer games . For your health ,I’m afraid you ______.

  A.can B.may C.must D.had to

  7.used to與would used to 和would 都用來表達(dá)現(xiàn)已不存在的過去的習(xí)慣或狀態(tài)。但would不能用在所述故事的開始

  二.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟完成式和進(jìn)行式的用法

  1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟完成式,表“原本應(yīng)該干某事,而實(shí)際上沒干”

  I should have finished the work earlier.

  He isn’t here. He must have missed the train.

  2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟進(jìn)行式,表示“想必正在……”,“可能正在……”,“應(yīng)當(dāng)正在”等意。

  It’s twelve o’clock. They must be having lunch.

  They may be discussing this problem.

  He can’t be telling the truth.

  She shouldn’t be working like that. She’s still so weak.

  三.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的.同義轉(zhuǎn)換.

  1.can = be able to 區(qū)別:can只有一般式和過去式,而be able to do有多種時(shí)態(tài)的變化。在過去時(shí)中二者有區(qū)別:were was ableto 強(qiáng)調(diào)過去成功做到,而could 只表示過去的能力或可能性。

  2.must = have to 注意二者主客觀的區(qū)別

  3.needn’t = don’t have to

  中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題復(fù)習(xí)材料三

  系動(dòng)詞

  連詞動(dòng)詞的種類

  聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞含有一定意義,它們要與其后做表語(yǔ)的形容詞、名詞或介詞(短語(yǔ))一起構(gòu)成合成謂語(yǔ)。系動(dòng)詞按意義可分為三類,而且有自己的特定用法。

  1、按意義聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有:be, appear, seem, keep, remain, continue, stay, prove 等,如:Jim appears very old.

  2、表示感覺的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ook, feel, smell, sound, taste等。如:It smells bad.

  3、表示轉(zhuǎn)變的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有become, fall, get, go, grow, turn等。如:

  She becomes more beautiful than three years ago.

  ★表示狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞, 一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)( feel 除外 )和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 表示變化的連系動(dòng)詞表示 “漸漸”時(shí)可用與進(jìn)行時(shí).

  ★常見的連系動(dòng)詞有:

  一 “是”( be --- is / am / are ),一 “感”( feel ---felt ),二 “保持”(keep---kept, stay ),

  四個(gè) “起來”( look, sound, smell---smelt, taste ) ,“好像”( seem ) 一下 “變”( get, turn, become)了三.

 

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