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2018專八閱讀理解練習(xí)題《能源問(wèn)題》
能源問(wèn)題是現(xiàn)代的主要問(wèn)題之一，關(guān)于能源問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在是世界范圍的關(guān)注話題。下面，小編就為大家送上一篇相關(guān)的2018專八閱讀理解練習(xí)題。
It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover. an increase in industrialproduction is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumesan abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible andeconomical source of power and chat it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power. except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relativelyfew technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties.
Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have. for example. been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course. in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium(鈾) in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish to survive. we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spice of the case against nuclear energy outlined above. nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansion assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.1. The writer's attitude toward nuclear energy is______________.
A) indifferent
B) tolerant
C) favorable
D) negative
2. According to the opponents of nuclear energy, nuclear energy is________________.
A) primitive
B) cheap
C) exhaustible
D) unsafe
3. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because____________________.
A) it provides a perfect solution to mass unemployment
B) it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolution
C) it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society
D) nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff
4. Which of the following statements does the writer support?
A) The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing.
B) Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.
C) Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons.
D) Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programmes.
5. The function of the last sentence is to___________________.
A) advance the final argument
B) reflect the writer's attitude
C) reverse previously expressed thoughts
D) show the disadvantages of nuclear power
答案：
1.作者對(duì)于核能的看法是____。
A)漠然的
B)容忍的
C)贊成的
D)否定的
[D]從文章首段第1句、第2段第1句，尤其是第2段末句，可以看出，作者對(duì)核能持否定的態(tài)度，D正確。
2.反對(duì)核能的人認(rèn)為核能是________________。
A)原始的
B)便宜的
C)會(huì)枯竭的
D)不安全的
[D]首段末句提到，核能反對(duì)者認(rèn)為核電站不僅對(duì)環(huán)境，而且對(duì)公民自由都是一種直接的威脅，即核能不安全，D正確。B是支持使用核能者的觀點(diǎn)，而非作者的觀點(diǎn)。
3.一些人聲稱核能是很重要的，因?yàn)開(kāi)______________。
A)它為大規(guī)模失業(yè)問(wèn)題提供了一個(gè)完美的解決方案
B)它代表了科學(xué)革命邁向前方的一大步
C)它可以滿足工業(yè)發(fā)展社會(huì)不斷增加的需求
D)核電站可以由相對(duì)少量的技求人員和管理人員所控制和維護(hù)
[C]首段第5句提到，許多人認(rèn)為核能報(bào)重要，因?yàn)樗巧鐣?huì)工業(yè)發(fā)展所必需的，可以提供取之不盡且便宜的能源，C正確。解決大規(guī)模失業(yè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)途徑是提高工業(yè)生產(chǎn)，而不是核能，因此A錯(cuò)。C、D是支持使用核能者認(rèn)為的核能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，與題干不構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，由此可排除。
4.作者會(huì)支持下列哪一種說(shuō)法?
A)對(duì)商業(yè)產(chǎn)品的需求不一定會(huì)不斷上升。
B)核能是我們一定需要的東西。
C)鈾是一種很好的能源，有著經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)價(jià)值。
D)更好的安全條款可以帶來(lái)更多的核能項(xiàng)目。
[A]第2段倒數(shù)第2、3句提到，核能開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃的擴(kuò)大以工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)需求的繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)為前提。但是，這種增長(zhǎng)是否能夠持續(xù)，這令人懷疑，可見(jiàn)A正確。B是支持使用核能者的觀點(diǎn)。第2段提到，鈾的成本有可能提高，加上安全防范設(shè)施需要投入巨大成本，會(huì)使核能的價(jià)格超出市場(chǎng)承受能力，由此可同時(shí)排除C、D。
5.最后一句話的作用是______________。
A)推進(jìn)最后的論點(diǎn)
B)反應(yīng)了作者的態(tài)度
C)推翻了之前的想法
D)顯示出核能的弊端
[B]文章最后一句表明了作者的觀點(diǎn)，即作者認(rèn)為從經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境方面來(lái)考慮�？梢岳闷渌问降哪茉矗呛四�，B正確。
附:專八閱讀理解技巧
1.善于尋找線索
在復(fù)讀解答試題時(shí)，考生要根據(jù)有關(guān)線索查找與試題有關(guān)的章節(jié)，有三種線索可以幫助盡快找到文中的信息。
(1) 從試題的題干中找線索,即找到題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后在文中找到相同的關(guān)鍵詞或與關(guān)鍵詞有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，往往答案就在附近。
(2) 從試題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找線索。有時(shí)試題的題干中找不到什么線索，如：
Which of the following statements is (not) true?
The passage is mainly about .
From the passage we may infer that .
這時(shí)考生可以從四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中去尋找線索。根據(jù)通讀的初步印象，決定哪一選項(xiàng)最接近正確答案，就先從這個(gè)選項(xiàng)中尋找線索，然后回到文中去查找。如果不一致，就對(duì)下一個(gè)最為可能是答案的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行嘗試，依次類(lèi)推，直至找到正確答案。
(3) 從文中找線索。有時(shí)從試題中找不到線索，就只能到文中去找了。要善于找到文中的關(guān)鍵詞及與試題關(guān)系較密切的段落、篇章，盡快找到答案。事實(shí)上，這種快速定位關(guān)鍵詞的能力是在平時(shí)逐漸鍛煉成的。因此，平時(shí)多練，考試時(shí)的效果就會(huì)很好。
2.善于尋找同義答案，解答細(xì)節(jié)題
細(xì)節(jié)題在閱讀理解試題中占了相當(dāng)大的比例，它的答案一般是同義性的，即試題中的選項(xiàng)在文中可直接找到，但它以另一種形式出現(xiàn)，表示相同的意義，或者是對(duì)原意的解釋。這種同義形式往往有三種情況：
(1) 同義單詞。即同義詞、近義詞或同一詞根變換成不同詞性。
(2) 同義詞組。包括動(dòng)詞詞組、介詞短語(yǔ)等等。
(3) 同義結(jié)構(gòu)。有時(shí)用不同句型，如： spend ... (in) doing 與 It takes ... to do/Although ... 與 ... as ... (雖然，盡管)等等。有時(shí)用不同的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，如陳述語(yǔ)氣改成虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句形式用非謂語(yǔ)形式來(lái)表示等等。
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