考研英語閱讀寒假復(fù)習(xí)的指導(dǎo)
隨著寒假的到來，考生們需要把考研英語閱讀的復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃規(guī)劃好。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語閱讀寒假復(fù)習(xí)的指南，歡迎大家前來閱讀。
考研英語閱讀寒假復(fù)習(xí)的要點(diǎn)
同學(xué)們都清楚地知道，考研英語是復(fù)習(xí)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)科目，而英語的學(xué)習(xí)更不是一朝一夕的事情。對此，英語復(fù)習(xí)的關(guān)鍵是怎樣將勁頭用在節(jié)骨眼兒上，如何在不同的階段使用不同的學(xué)習(xí)策略，以保證付出就有回報(bào)。對2017考研同學(xué)來說，應(yīng)早動手，早規(guī)劃，而現(xiàn)階段正是打牢考研英語根基的黃金時(shí)期，因此同學(xué)們應(yīng)在今年寒假正式啟動考研英語的復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃。為了在本階段進(jìn)行合理高效的英語學(xué)習(xí)，同學(xué)們需要緊扣考試規(guī)律和學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)律，鎖定本階段的學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)。鑒于此，建議大家應(yīng)從詞匯、語法、長難句開始復(fù)習(xí)，逐步接觸閱讀理解。
詞匯：詞匯是考研英語大廈的磚，是基礎(chǔ)。因此，20xx屆的考生要盡早開始詞匯學(xué)習(xí)。尤其對于英語基礎(chǔ)較差的考生來說，記牢了詞匯可以幫助在各個(gè)題型的復(fù)習(xí)中增加自信，這尤其重要。而對于基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)，早一點(diǎn)開始背核心詞匯部分的單詞，也為暑期大面積鋪開訓(xùn)練的階段打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)首先要選擇一本合適自己的考研詞匯書。接下來要做到縱深結(jié)合，先重?cái)?shù)量后重深度。我們要強(qiáng)調(diào)橫向覆蓋面，盡量每天都多記憶一些單詞，量一定要上去。因?yàn)樵~匯可謂是英語復(fù)習(xí)中最耗時(shí)的一項(xiàng)工作，到了中后期，我們要復(fù)習(xí)很多科目，又要按題型來集中訓(xùn)練，基本上沒有大塊的時(shí)間再來復(fù)習(xí)詞匯。其次，我們強(qiáng)調(diào)縱向覆蓋。重點(diǎn)記憶熟詞生義和一次多義、近義近形的詞匯的理解和比較，多義詞的確切含義和詞的搭配關(guān)系。至于背單詞，應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)單詞本，每天記憶一些。并在閱讀中加深對詞匯的理解能力，只有這樣才不至于在于原地打滾，才有可能螺旋式上升。
語法長難句：如果說詞匯是英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一根支柱，那么語法則是另一根支柱。語法雖然在考研英語考試當(dāng)中沒有明確一種題型單獨(dú)測試，但任何其它一種題型中都貫穿很多的語法知識，這部分基礎(chǔ)如果欠缺，不管是理解題目還是做題都會比較困難，所以必須要重視語法知識。關(guān)于語法的學(xué)習(xí)方法，建議大家在復(fù)習(xí)語法的時(shí)候買一本專門針對考研的語法書，系統(tǒng)地復(fù)習(xí)一遍。建議大家將重點(diǎn)放在從句、主謂一致、倒裝、省略、動詞時(shí)態(tài)及非謂語形式、虛擬語氣、強(qiáng)調(diào)等考研英語常考點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)上。
語法層面的知識繼續(xù)提升一個(gè)難度，就到長難句的理解了。對英語復(fù)雜長難句的掌握有一個(gè)前提，就是語法功底必須相當(dāng)扎實(shí)。在基礎(chǔ)階段的復(fù)習(xí)中，要求同學(xué)多閱讀真題的文章，多分析長難句，掌握長難句的分析方法，即：找連接詞、抓主干、析從句。
閱讀理解：有人說過“得閱讀者得天下”這句話一點(diǎn)也不夸張。因?yàn)榭佳杏⒄Z中閱讀所占比例讓任何人都無法忽視。在考研英語當(dāng)中，可以說所有的題目，除了作文以外，都在直接或間接的考察閱讀理解能力，或至少與之相關(guān)。閱讀理解能力的強(qiáng)弱直接反映了考生的總體語言運(yùn)用能力�？忌岣唛喿x能力，就必須進(jìn)行大量閱讀操練�；A(chǔ)階段不要搞題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)，重點(diǎn)了解考研英語閱讀理解文章的難度、題材、長難句的理解等基本知識，著重掌握精讀文章的方法，為強(qiáng)化階段的閱讀打下基礎(chǔ)。在本階段就閱讀資料的選擇上同學(xué)們也一定要避免一些誤區(qū)，比如有些同學(xué)喜歡閱讀新概念四或是21世紀(jì)報(bào)等英文期刊，以為就是在訓(xùn)練考研閱讀能力，其實(shí)不盡然，這些素材在語言風(fēng)格上和考研閱讀還是有一些出入，一味地讀這些素材對提高考研閱讀的應(yīng)試能力作用不大。因此，建議考生本階段訓(xùn)練閱讀時(shí)可以1995-2005年閱讀真題為素材進(jìn)行閱讀的精讀訓(xùn)練，方能取得更顯著的提高效果。
考研英語學(xué)好英語的方法
Learn how to think in English.
學(xué)著用英語思考
This is undoubtedly the best way to improve your fluency. When you are thinking about a topic, try to make English sentences in your head. This will also make you aware of what vocabulary you still need to learn in order to express yourself.
這絕對能增進(jìn)你表達(dá)的流利性。當(dāng)你思考一個(gè)話題，試著在你的腦子里用英語組織語言。這同樣能幫你了解你還需要哪些單詞來表達(dá)自己。
Work hard on your pronunciation
下功夫練習(xí)發(fā)音
You have access to lots of recordings of native English speakers. Go to our website，use your pause button and repeat sentences that you hear, trying to match the pronunciation. If you prefer movies, watch DVDs. This will improve your listening ability too. The message is: expose yourself (給自己接觸某事的機(jī)會)to as much audio of native English speakers as possible.
你現(xiàn)在有機(jī)會聽到很多英語母語使用者的資料。你可以上英語在線新聞的網(wǎng)站，如果可下，把音頻下載下來，使用“暫停”鍵、重復(fù)你聽到的話，試著去模仿發(fā)音。如果你更喜歡電影，就去看片吧。秘訣就是：盡可能多地讓自己接觸到英語母語使用者的音頻。
Keep reading is very important
養(yǎng)成閱讀習(xí)慣
I think that reading can do wonders for (對...產(chǎn)生奇效) your vocabulary and also for your grammar and fluency since books are, after all, full of examples of perfect English sentences. Instead of interacting with English speakers, do the next best thing: interact with English-language books, radio programmes and films.
我認(rèn)為閱讀對你的詞匯量、語法和流利性大有好處。因?yàn)闀颈旧砭统錆M了完美的英語例句。如果不能喝英語使用者直接交流，那么久退而求其次，好好利用英語書籍、音頻節(jié)目和電影吧!
Try social media
試試社交網(wǎng)站吧
But you should also try hard to meet English speakers, and remember that this doesn't need to be face-to-face. It's great that all of you come to this blog but remember that there are thousands of other English language blogs too. Maybe it’s time to try out your English skills in 'public'?!
但同時(shí)你也的確應(yīng)該試著多和英語使用者交流，不過記住，這可不必要是面對面的。像你們都來上我們的博客當(dāng)然很好，不過全世界可有成千上萬的英語博客呢，也許，是時(shí)候要試試把你的英語向公眾展示了?
考研英語構(gòu)建詞庫的技巧
1.Choose a specific theme for building vocabulary
1.選擇一個(gè)特定的主題來構(gòu)建詞匯量
When building vocabulary, you can guide yourself by focusing on a specific theme for the words you're learning. Pick a context or a specific topic -- say, sports, or words associated with feelings -- then study words related to that topic.
在構(gòu)建詞匯量時(shí)，你可以引導(dǎo)自己專注于某個(gè)特定的主題來學(xué)習(xí)單詞。選擇一個(gè)背景或特定的話題--比如，運(yùn)動或與感受相關(guān)的詞匯 - 再學(xué)習(xí)與該話題相關(guān)的詞匯。
Words describing emotions is an interesting choice, for instance, as it includes words like enthusiastic and excited. The category of sports words, on the other hand, includes exciting words like throw, spin, or marathon.
描述的情感的`詞匯是一個(gè)有趣的選擇。例如，它包含了像enthusiastic(熱情)和excited(興奮)之類的單詞。另一方面，運(yùn)動類別的詞匯，包括像throw(擲)，spin(旋轉(zhuǎn))，或marathon(馬拉松)之類等令人激動的詞語。
You could also study “travelling around town” words like sidewalk, intersection, or pavement; or words related to everyday life, like foods available at the supermarket. You could even study words about school work!
你也可以學(xué)習(xí)在鎮(zhèn)上旅游之類的詞語，像人行道，十字路口，或者路面;或與日常生活中相關(guān)的單詞，比如，超市里可見的食物。甚至你可以學(xué)習(xí)與學(xué)校作業(yè)有關(guān)的單詞!
Whatever theme you pick, create stories in your mind and speak them aloud using words related to that theme.
無論你選擇何種主題，在腦子里編一個(gè)故事，再以與那個(gè)主題相關(guān)的單詞大聲地說出來。
2.Tips for easily memorizing your words
2.輕松記憶單詞的技巧
When you have settled on vocabulary words, write them down or print them out. Carry the list with you always. In the pauses of your busy day-when you're sitting on the bus, in the dentist's office, during commercials-take out the paper and review your vocabulary words until you feel comfortable that you would recognize (and be able to use) these words the next time you see them. Use sticky notes and put them on computers, on cupboards, and other places you're likely to see them, as a reminder.
當(dāng)你選中了單詞，把它們寫出來或者打印出來。隨時(shí)隨地?cái)y帶在身邊。在繁忙的一天中的休息時(shí)間里--當(dāng)你在公交車上，在牙科診所，在宣傳期間--拿出小紙條，復(fù)習(xí)一下單詞直到你覺得自己下次看到的時(shí)候能認(rèn)識(并能夠使用)。使用便利貼，把它們粘在計(jì)算機(jī)上，櫥柜上，和其他你容易看到的地方，作為一種提醒。
Try jumbling the letters of your vocabulary words up, then unscrambling them to form the word again. Work with the words until you are very comfortable using them in sentences on your own.
試著把你的詞匯表中的單詞混在一起，梳理之后再形成單詞。好好學(xué)習(xí)這些單詞直到你自己能自如地運(yùn)用在句子中。
Remembering the words is very important! How do we do this? Try to associate each word with a picture or some other representation in your mind. This will help you remind yourself of the word's meaning. You don't have to actually draw or see this picture -- you can use your imagination to create suitable images!
記住單詞是非常重要的事!我們要怎么做到這一點(diǎn)呢?盡量將每個(gè)單詞與一幅圖片或其他能在你腦海中浮現(xiàn)的東西聯(lián)系起來。這將幫助你記憶這個(gè)詞的意思。你不必實(shí)際描繪或看到這幅圖片--你可以用你的想象力創(chuàng)造出合適的圖像!
It's also important to not try to learn more than 7-10 new words in a day. Generally, it's safer to aim for 5-6 words a day for better retention. This, of course, depends on how much time you have each day for studying vocabulary.
請記住，每天試著學(xué)習(xí)的新單詞不要超過7-10。一般情況下，將每天的目標(biāo)定為5-6個(gè)新單詞更為安全，這樣記憶效果更好。當(dāng)然，這取決于你每天有多少時(shí)間來學(xué)習(xí)詞匯。
3.Read whatever you're interested in
3.閱讀任何你感興趣的內(nèi)容
Pick out something you want to read in your target language. As you read, underline the words you don't understand. Then you should write them down within a sentence so you can see how each word fits into the sentence. Repeat the words until you are very familiar with them.
篩選一些你想讀的內(nèi)容，是你目標(biāo)語言的版本。當(dāng)你閱讀時(shí)，將你不理解的部分劃線標(biāo)注。隨后你應(yīng)該將它們以一個(gè)句子寫下來，這樣你就可以看到每個(gè)單詞是如何恰如其分地適合這個(gè)句子。重復(fù)這些單詞直到你非常熟悉它們。
4.Make sure you learn new forms of new words
4.確保你掌握新單詞的新形式
Some words have many different forms, like silent (adjective)， silently (adverb) and silence (noun)。 Practice forming sentences which the different forms of these words, and try to use as many forms of the words in sentences as possible.
有些單詞有很多不同的形式，像silent 安靜的(形容詞)， silently 安靜地(副詞)和 silence無聲(名詞)。練習(xí)用這些單詞的不同形式來造句，并盡可能多地在句子中嘗試單詞的不同形式。
A good way to combine this practice with your grammar learning is by thinking about each word and identifying which part of speech it is. Is it a noun, a verb, an adjective, or an adverb? It can help you to understand how those different parts of speech are formed. For instance, you can make a plural noun by adding an s, or an adverb by adding ly.
一個(gè)比較好的方法是將這樣的練習(xí)與你的語法學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來，思考每一個(gè)單詞，確認(rèn)它在句子中是屬于哪一部分，是名詞，動詞，形容詞還是副詞?這樣可以幫助你了解一個(gè)句子中不同的部分是如何組成的。例如，你可以通過添加一個(gè)s得到一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，或者在形容詞后加ly得到一個(gè)副詞。
For example: beauty is a noun, beautify is a verb, and beautiful is an adjective. Use them in sentences differently.
例如：beauty(美麗)是一個(gè)名詞， beautify (美化)是一個(gè)動詞，而beautiful(美麗的)是一個(gè)形容詞。它們在句子中用法不同。
5.Listen attentively to all conversations
5.認(rèn)真傾聽所有對話
Whether it's the news in English, a movie, or a class lecture, pay attention to what's being said! Make note of the words that you didn't understand.
無論是英語新聞，電影，或一個(gè)講座，注意傾聽所說的內(nèi)容!記下你聽不懂的話。
When you find an unfamiliar word, refer to the dictionary for an explanation. Browse through words and make them your friends. Whichever new words you hear and read, mark them in the dictionary. Keep a tab of the number of words that you have mastered. Keep a goal for a week, for a month and so on.
當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生的單詞，查找一下字典上的解釋。通過瀏覽文字，熟悉它們。無論你聽到還是看到新詞，在字典里標(biāo)注它們。將你已經(jīng)掌握的單詞數(shù)量做一個(gè)標(biāo)簽。每個(gè)星期、每個(gè)月都為自己定一個(gè)目標(biāo)。
When you meet your first goal -- and for each subsequent goal you complete -- treat yourself! Go out and celebrate, because you're learning vocabulary!
當(dāng)你完成自己的第一個(gè)目標(biāo)--以及后續(xù)你完成的每一個(gè)目標(biāo)--獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)一下自己!出去好好慶祝，因?yàn)槟阏趯W(xué)習(xí)詞匯!
Happy learning!
請快樂地學(xué)習(xí)!
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