關(guān)系代詞定語從句
系詞的用法與區(qū)別定語從句即指在主從復(fù)合句用作定語的從句。定語從句通常修飾名詞或代詞，對它進(jìn)行限制、描繪和說明。受定語從句修飾的詞語叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞語叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞按其性質(zhì)又分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。下面為大家介紹的是關(guān)系代詞定語從句用法，歡迎參考!
在復(fù)合句中修飾某個名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。學(xué)習(xí)定語從句，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who, whom, whose(一般指人);which(一般指物); that(指人或物)等。在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或定語。如：
1. This is the teacher who / that teaches us English. 這就是教我們英語的老師。(關(guān)系代詞who / that 作主語。)
2. Do you understand the sentence which / that I have just explained to you? 你們懂不懂我剛才給你們講的那個句子?(關(guān)系代詞which / that 作have explained 的`賓語。)
3. China is no longer the country that she used to be. 中國不再是過去那樣的國家了。(關(guān)系代詞that 作be的表語。)
4. Do you know the student whose composition is the best in our school? 你認(rèn)識那個在我們學(xué)校作文最好的學(xué)生嗎?(關(guān)系代詞whose作composition的定語。)
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句要注意下列幾個問題：
一、 關(guān)系代詞與先行詞。關(guān)系代詞所修飾的(或指代的)詞叫做先行詞;先行詞如果是“物”，則關(guān)系代詞用which或that; 先行詞如果是“人”，則關(guān)系代詞用who或that; 也就是說，that既可用來修飾“人”也可用來修飾“物”。如：
1. This is the newspaper which / that I am looking for.
[分析]定語從句的先行詞為news-paper, 故關(guān)系代詞可以用which或that。
2. Mr. Li is the teacher who/that teaches us English.
[分析]定語從句的先行詞為teacher, 故關(guān)系代詞可以用who或that。
但如果先行詞為all， everything， anything， nothing， little, much 等不定代詞，或先行詞被very， all， no， any， every， little， much， only等不定代詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞只用that; 如果先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞也只用that; 如果先行詞既有“人”又有“物”時，關(guān)系代詞也只能用that。如：
1. Finally, the thief handed every-thing that he had stolen to the police.
2. That’s the only thing that we can do now.
3. This is the first composition that I have written in English.
4. We often talk of the persons and things that we knew in the school.
二、省略與不能省略。關(guān)系代詞作主語，不能省略;關(guān)系代詞作賓語，可以省略。如：
1. Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks that were built about 300 years ago in Beijing.
[分析] Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks是主句; that were built about 300 years ago in Beijing是定語從句。關(guān)系代詞that作定語從句的主語，故不能省略。
2. The book (which / that) I lent you yesterday is my brother’s.
[分析] The book is my brother’s是主句;(which / that) I lent you yesterday是定語從句。關(guān)系代詞which / that作定語從句里謂語動詞的賓語，故可以省略。
3. The old man with white hair (who/ whom / that ) we saw at yesterday’s meeting is a professor.
[分析] The old man with white hair is a professor.是主句;(who/whom/that)we saw at yesterday’s meeting是定語從句。關(guān)系代詞who/whom/that作謂語動詞saw的賓語，故可以省略。
三、whose的用法。不管先行詞是“人”還是“物”，都可以用關(guān)系代詞whose作定語修飾后面的名詞。如：
1. This book is for the students whose native language is not English.
[分析] whose的先行詞是“人”;whose 的意思相當(dāng)于the students’， 在定語從句里充當(dāng)定語。
2. Do you know who is living in that house whose windows face south?
[分析] whose的先行詞是that house; whose window的意思相當(dāng)于the window of that house, 在定語從句里充當(dāng)定語。
四、who與 whom。 指代“人”的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時，既可用who也可用whom, 但作主語時只能用who。如：
1. Is this the man who / whom you asked for help yesterday?
[分析] 因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞作asked的賓語，故既可以用who也可以用whom(當(dāng)然也可以省略)。
2. This is the man who helped me carry my bag upstairs.
[分析]因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞作主語，故只能用who (當(dāng)然也可以用that)。
【關(guān)系代詞定語從句】相關(guān)文章：
英語定語、狀語從句習(xí)題09-20
定語從句復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)08-27
定語從句知識點(diǎn)分析11-12
2014雅思寫作高分必備定語從句09-15