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2017年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯訓(xùn)練材料
算盤(pán)是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)算工具，也是中國(guó)古代的一項(xiàng)重大發(fā)明。阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字出現(xiàn)以前，算盤(pán)在世界各地廣泛使用。下面有小編整理的關(guān)于算盤(pán)的英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)，希望能幫到大家!
算盤(pán)
算盤(pán)(abacus)是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)算工具，也是中國(guó)古代的一項(xiàng)重大發(fā)明。阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字出現(xiàn)以前，算盤(pán)在世界各地廣泛使用。算盤(pán)是矩形的木框，木框上固定著帶算珠的木桿。木框中間的橫梁(beam)將木桿分成兩部分：木桿上方的兩顆算珠 (counting beads)每個(gè)代表5,下方的五顆算珠每個(gè)代表1。隨著算盤(pán)的'應(yīng)用，人們總結(jié)出很多計(jì)算技巧，提高了計(jì)算速度。由于算盤(pán)易于制造，而且計(jì)算口訣易于記憶和操作，因此算盤(pán)在中國(guó)十分流行。
參考譯文：
As a traditional Chinese calculation tool and an important ancient Chinese invention,the abacus was widely used before the invention of Arabic numerals in the world. The abacus is a rectangle with a wooden frame. Within the frame,rods with stringed beads are fixed. The beam in the middle of the frame divides each rod into two parts. The two counting beads in the upper part of each rod represent five and the rest five beads in the lower part represent one. With the application of the abacus, people summarized many calculation tips to help improve the speed of calculation. As the abacus is simple to produce, and its calculation tips are easy to memorize and operate, it is quite popular in China.
詞句點(diǎn)撥
1.廣泛使用:可以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示“被廣泛使用”，即be widely used。
2.帶算珠的木桿:可譯為rods with stringed beads。其中rod意為“木桿”，stringed 意為“用帶或繩綁或掛的”，beads意為“珠子”，故stringed beads意為“串起來(lái)的珠子”。
3.上方：即in the upper part;“下方”可譯為in the lower part。
4.隨著算盤(pán)的應(yīng)用:可譯為 with the application of the abacus。
文房四寶
文房四寶(Four Treasures of the Study)是中國(guó)書(shū)法傳統(tǒng)書(shū)寫(xiě)工具的統(tǒng)稱(chēng)，包括筆、墨、紙、硯(inkstone)。“文房”指的是學(xué)者的書(shū)房。除了這四寶，書(shū)房里的工具還有筆筒、筆架、墨盒、腕托、筆洗、墨塊(inkpad)，這些都是書(shū)房必備品。唐宋是書(shū)法的.繁榮時(shí)期，當(dāng)時(shí)著名的生廠商制造的經(jīng)典文房四寶被后世學(xué)者高度贊揚(yáng)。中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化及藝術(shù)的發(fā)明和發(fā)展與文房四寶密切相關(guān)。在某種程度上，文房四寶代表了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要元素。
參考譯文：
The Four Treasures of the Study,is a general name of the traditional writing tools of Chinese calligraphy, including writing brush, ink, paper and inkstone. The name of Wenfang refers to a scholar's study. Besides these four treasures, tools used in the study also include brush pots, brush rack,ink box, wrist-rest, brush washer and inkpad, all of which are necessities of the study. Classical products of the Four Treasures of the Study made by famous producers during the Tang and Song Dynasties, when styles of writing were very prosperous, were highly praised by later scholars.The invention and development of China's traditional culture and art are closely related to the Four Treasures of the Study.And to some extent,the Four Treasures of the Study represents an important element of traditional Chinese culture.
詞句點(diǎn)撥
1.“文房”指的是:其中“指的是”譯為refer to。“文房”用漢語(yǔ)拼音Wenfang表示即可。
2.除了…還有:此處可用besides或in addition to表達(dá)，而不用except，因?yàn)閑xcept表示“除去不計(jì),不包括…在內(nèi)”。
3.經(jīng)典:可譯為classical。classical products意為“經(jīng)典產(chǎn)品”。
4.和…密切相關(guān):可譯為be closely related to…
5.在某種程度上:可譯為短語(yǔ)to some extent或in some degree。
瓷器
唐朝時(shí)期，人們就在昌南建造窯坊(kiln),燒制出一種青白瓷(bluish white porcelain)。青白瓷色彩晶瑩，有“人造玉器”的美稱(chēng)，因而遠(yuǎn)近聞名，并大量出口歐洲。當(dāng)時(shí)，歐洲人還不會(huì)制造瓷器，因此中國(guó)特別是昌南鎮(zhèn)的瓷器很受歡迎。 在歐洲，昌南鎮(zhèn)瓷器是備受珍愛(ài)的貴重物品，人們以能獲得一件昌南鎮(zhèn)瓷器為榮。因此，歐洲人就以“昌南”作為瓷器和生產(chǎn)瓷器的“中國(guó)”的代稱(chēng)。久而久之，歐洲人就把昌南的`本意忘卻了，只記得它是“瓷器”，即“中國(guó)”了。
參考譯文：
In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns to make bluish white porcelain in Changnan. The bluish white porcelain was glittering and had the reputation of artificial jade, so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amount. At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain,so porcelain from China，especially from Changnan，was warmly welcomed. In Europe，porcelain from Changnan was luxurious article cherished by everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would make people feel very proud. In this way，Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china (porcelain) and the place of its production，China. Gradually, Europeans forgot the original meaning of Changnan，only remembering it is “china”，namely“China”.
詞句點(diǎn)撥
1.燒制出一種青白瓷:可譯為make bluish white porcelain， 燒制可譯為 make，“青白色的”可譯為bluish white。
2.色彩晶螢:可譯為glittering,意為“閃閃發(fā)光的”。
3.遠(yuǎn)近聞名:可譯為be famous home and abroad。
4.以…為榮:即be proud of,文中譯為…make people feel proud。
5.久而久之:理解為“逐漸地”，可用gradually來(lái)表達(dá)。
6.只記得它是瓷器:根據(jù)前后句，本句可譯為only remembering it is “china”, 用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)。
象棋
象棋(Chinese chess)兩人玩的棋盤(pán)游戲，源于春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的軍事戰(zhàn)略。 早期的象棋由三部分組成:棋子、骰(dice)和棋盤(pán)�，F(xiàn)代象棋沒(méi)有骰子,它在棋子和棋盤(pán)方面與古代不同。棋盤(pán)有9行寬、10行長(zhǎng)，共90個(gè)交叉點(diǎn)，構(gòu)成方形網(wǎng)格 (grid)。棋子在交叉點(diǎn)上落子或移動(dòng)。對(duì)弈者在棋盤(pán)進(jìn)行象征性的軍很戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，部署馬匹、戰(zhàn)車(chē)，根據(jù)自己對(duì)棋局和游戲規(guī)則的理解組織軍隊(duì)。目前，中國(guó)象棋已傳至全世界，進(jìn)一步傳承、發(fā)揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。
六級(jí)翻譯參考答案:
Chinese chess is a two-player board game sprangfrom military strategies in the Spring and Autumnand the Warring States periods. The early-stageChinese chess consisted of three components:chesspieces，dice and board. There’s no dice in modemChinese chess. And tiie game is dififerrait from its ancient counteipart in tenns of pieces andboard.The board is 9 lines wide by 10 lines long, with a total of 90 crossing points.The gridsformed are square. The pieces are placed and moved on the crossing points. The two playersconduct a representational military battle on the board by deploying horses and chariots andorganizing troops based on tbeir understanding of the layout of die game and the playing rules.Currently, Chinese chess has been introduced to the whole worid, giving a boost to the effortto carry on and develop traditional Chinese culture.
詞句點(diǎn)撥
1.棋子、瓶子和棋盤(pán)：都是象棋術(shù)語(yǔ)，依次翻譯為chess pieces, dice and board。
2.構(gòu)成方形網(wǎng)格：可譯為T(mén)he grids formed are square。其中，formed修飾grids, grid意為“網(wǎng)格”。
3.在交叉點(diǎn)上：可譯為on the crossing points。
4.落子或移動(dòng)：是指棋子的'擺放和移動(dòng)，可譯為be placed and moved。
5.部署馬匹、戰(zhàn)車(chē)：可譯為deploy horses and chariots。
6.進(jìn)一步傳承、發(fā)揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化：這里“進(jìn)一步”有“促進(jìn)”的意思，可譯為 give a boost to; “傳承”譯為carry on; “發(fā)揚(yáng)”可譯為develop。
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