四級(jí)英語翻譯練習(xí)題
四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)
1.Only after I slapped him on the back_______________________（他才發(fā)現(xiàn)我并高興得叫起來）.
2.I don’t mind your_____________(你延期做出決定)the decision as long as it is not too late.
3. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起著不可缺少的作用) in raising children.
4.I___________________________(毫不費(fèi)力地)solving this problem.
5.When I __________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)他騙我)I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.
答案及解析：
1.did he notice me and shouted with happiness
本題主要考察only引起的半倒裝句。其結(jié)構(gòu)為only+強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容+助動(dòng)詞+主語+謂語+其它。這里要注意句子中兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，一個(gè)是“發(fā)現(xiàn)我”，另一個(gè)是“高興得叫起來”。
2. delaying making
mind作及物動(dòng)詞，后面通常接名詞、代詞、V-ing形式、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、從句等。delay后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞的ing形式。
3. play indispensable roles
play a part/role in 起著……作用，飾演……的角色。
4.have no trouble in
本題主要考察固定結(jié)構(gòu)�！県ave (no) trouble in doing sth”表示“做...（沒）有困難”，該題還要注意時(shí)態(tài)問題。
5. caught /found him cheating me
find/catch+賓語+賓補(bǔ)，如I found him standing by the river.
四級(jí)翻譯
1._______________(證據(jù)肯定早已被破壞了) completely before the police arrived.
2.Such practice of ________________(考試前熬夜學(xué)習(xí))will not necessarily work for every student.
3.George arrived at the office ahead of time _______________(只為了給老板留下好印象).
4.The resolution that ___________(他調(diào)到總部)was approved by General Manager.
5.He didn't like this job _____________(盡管條件比之前的好).
答案解析:
1.The evidence must have already been destroyed
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài):“證據(jù)”是“被破壞”，需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:must表示肯定的推測，且“證據(jù)被破壞”先于the police arrived發(fā)生，所以用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)�！白C據(jù)”的表達(dá)為evidence。
2.staying up studying before an examination
“熬夜”的表達(dá)為stay up,“熬夜學(xué)習(xí)”就是stay up studying�？疾閯�(dòng)名詞用法:空前出現(xiàn)的of是介詞，跟在其后的動(dòng)詞詞組“熬夜學(xué)習(xí)”要變成動(dòng)名詞的形式，修飾名詞practice。
3.only to make a good impression on his/the boss
“給…留下印象”譯作make an impression on…。“印象”之前的修飾語good在翻譯時(shí)不能遺漏�？疾槟康臓钫Z:“只為了”的表達(dá)為only to，其結(jié)構(gòu)為only to do sth.表示目的。
4.he (should)be transferred to headquarter
考查虛擬語氣:某些表示建議，請求，命令，主張以及“重要性”，“緊迫性”等概念的名詞充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，其后的同位語從句需要用虛擬語氣。具體結(jié)構(gòu)為（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。這樣的名詞有:demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,proposal和resolution等�！罢{(diào)任”表達(dá)為transfer;“總部”表達(dá)為headquarter�？疾楸粍�(dòng)語態(tài):他是“被調(diào)任”，需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
5.though the condition was better than the previous one
考查讓步狀語從句:在句子中所以用though�？疾楸容^級(jí):“比…好” 用be better than。考查one的用法:句子前面已經(jīng)提到了job,為了避免重復(fù)，用one代替。
四級(jí)翻譯
1._____________________(盡管他已筋疲力盡)，he still kept on running.
2.Many people believe that international tourism _________________________(對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有積極作用).so local government should be encouraged to promote it.
3.On my way to the important interview,________________(他所做的就是祝我好運(yùn)).
4.Due to the unexpected changes,______________(這個(gè)計(jì)劃需要修改).
5.________________(遇難者能否在災(zāi)難中生還)depends on many uncertain factors.
答案解析:
1.Although/Though he was exhausted
考查讓步狀語從句:用Although或Though表示“雖然，盡管”的意思�！敖钇ＡΡM”的表達(dá)為be exhausted。
2.plays an active role in economic growth/development // has positive effects on economic growth/development
“有作用”的表達(dá)常用play a role或have an effect on 結(jié)構(gòu)�！胺e極的”常用active和positive，“發(fā)展”可用growth或development。
3.what he did was to wish me good luck//what he did was wishing me good luck
考查主語從句:用what引導(dǎo)主語從句。主語的表達(dá):可用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作表語�！白：眠\(yùn)”表達(dá)為wish sb good luck.
4.this plan has to be revised/modified
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài):“計(jì)劃”與“修改”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用be done的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。修改”的常用表達(dá)為revise或modify。
5.Whether the victims can survive the disaster
考查主語從句:所需翻譯的句子為該句的主語，“能否…”提示從句用Whether引導(dǎo)，注意在主語從句中只能用whether，不能用if。表示“存活，活下來，幸免于難”，用survive，后直接跟賓語，注意此處不能加介詞from。只有在表示習(xí)慣，習(xí)俗，禮儀等沿襲時(shí)才用survive from。
四級(jí)翻譯
1. Many college graduates find it difficult to get an ideal job today _________________(即使他們有學(xué)士學(xué)位).
2._____________________(與你對(duì)公司的貢獻(xiàn)相比)，what I have done was unworthy of mentioning.
3.Some experts recommend that______________(不應(yīng)太強(qiáng)調(diào)語法的重要性)at the early stage of children's language learning.
4.After supper she would sit down by the fire,_________________(有時(shí)長達(dá)一小時(shí)).
5.With a lot of assignments in hand,you __________________(不該出席昨晚的閉幕式).
答案解析:
1.even if/though they get Bachelor's degree
考查even if/though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。學(xué)士學(xué)位的固定表達(dá):Bachelor's degree。
2.Compared with your contribution to the company/In comparison with your contribution to the company
與…相比，可以翻譯為 Compared with或In comparison wih,對(duì)…的貢獻(xiàn)譯作contribution to。
3.importance shouldn't be attached to grammar too much
recommend表建議，其后面的賓語從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式為(should)+動(dòng)詞原形�！皬�(qiáng)調(diào)…的重要性”表達(dá)為attach importance to�！罢Z法”是強(qiáng)調(diào)的動(dòng)作承受者，需要用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
4.sometimes for as long as an hour
�。〞r(shí)間上）“長達(dá)”,用as long as 結(jié)構(gòu)。表示時(shí)間段用介詞for。
5.shouldn't/oughtn't to have attend the closing ceremony last night
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)表示對(duì)過去情況的猜測。待譯部分隱含“不該做但已經(jīng)做了”的意味，用shouldn't/oughtn't to have + 過去分詞表示。閉幕式用the closing ceremony表達(dá)；出席:attend。
四級(jí)詞匯與語法練習(xí)
1.She refused to ___ the door key to the landlady until she got ba ck herdeposit.
A. hand in
B.hand out
C.hand down
D.hand over
2. Physics is the present?day equivalent of ____ used to be called natural philosophy, from ?____? most of present?day science arose.
A. which, what
B. that, which ?
C. what, which
D. what, that?
3. He ___ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.
A. may have acted
B. must have acted
C. should act
D. would act
4. ____?the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.
A. It is the sun and not the earth ?
B. That the sun and not the earth?
C. Being the sun and not the earth ?
D. The sun and not the earth?
5. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it ?____?, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.
A. was turned out
B. was being turned out?
C. being turned out
D. turned out?
答案與解析：
1．D
在領(lǐng)回押金前，她拒絕將大門鑰匙交給女房東。本題為短語辨析題。hand in意為“遞交，上交，提出”；hand out意為“分發(fā)，交給，取出”；hand down意為“留傳下來，把……傳下去”；hand over意為“交出，移交”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。
2. C
當(dāng)今的物理就是以前被稱之為自然哲學(xué)的等同物，大多數(shù)現(xiàn)代科學(xué)都產(chǎn)生于自然哲學(xué)。what used to be called作定語，修飾natural philosophy,from which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語從句。
3．A
他過去也許做得不是十分明智，但至少他在努力做一些有益的事情。 本題考查對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及虛擬語氣用法的掌握。may + have + 過去分詞，表示對(duì)過去事情的猜測，may表示不確定，意為“過去也許……”；must表確定性的猜測，用來提示說話人假設(shè)某人在過去曾做過某事，說話人對(duì)其假設(shè)的內(nèi)容十分肯定，意為“過去一定……”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。
4. B
太陽系的中心是太陽而不是地球這一事實(shí)被中世紀(jì)的教會(huì)認(rèn)為是異端邪說。That引導(dǎo)主語從句，全句的`謂語是was considered.?
5. D
后來證明他的財(cái)產(chǎn)被國家沒收的原因是，戰(zhàn)爭期間他參與了詐騙活動(dòng)。it turned out (to be)這里作插入語，意為“證明是…”。
四級(jí)翻譯
1. Althrough her life, this woman applies herself to___________(幫助她女兒康復(fù)).
2. It needs the whole team's efforts___________(按原計(jì)劃實(shí)施這項(xiàng)工程).
3.Last week in his class,Professor Lee said that _____________________________(月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)).
4._____________________(每次他錯(cuò)過火車),he would go to the nearby bar for beer.
5.She realized her dream of becoming a writer eventually ____________(在歷盡艱辛之后).
答案解析:
1.helping her daughter(to) recover.
"專心做某事“的固定搭配是apply oneself to, to是介詞，后面要跟名詞性成分，故用名詞或動(dòng)名詞�！翱祻�(fù)”的表達(dá)為recover(from)。"幫助某人做某事"的表達(dá)為help sb. (to) do sth或help sb. with sth. 。
2.to implement this project as planned
名詞性從句在表達(dá)客觀規(guī)律時(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此時(shí)不要求與主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致�！皩�(shí)施”的表達(dá)為implement, 也可用carry out.“按原定計(jì)劃"的表達(dá)是as planned.
3.the moon revolves the earth
名詞性從句在表達(dá)客觀規(guī)律時(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此時(shí)不要求與主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。旋轉(zhuǎn)的表達(dá)為revolve。自然界獨(dú)一無二事物的名詞前面用定冠詞修飾，如the earth,the moon。
4.Every time he missed the train
一些表示時(shí)間的名詞詞組，如the moment,last time,next time,every time等可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。錯(cuò)過的表達(dá)為miss。從句的動(dòng)作先于主句，主句用了過去將來時(shí)，故從句用一般過去時(shí)。
5.after she went through many hardships
after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。歷盡艱辛，用go through many hardships表達(dá)；也可以用endure many hardships。
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